Watch the natural scenery on the vines.

Qiqiaoweng Wetland Park has been closed. I don't know whether it's because of the epidemic or the infrastructure. In the grass beside the grain river in the park, clematis must be attached to a high edge and flourish with lavender scenery. There are many flowers, 5~6 pieces are inverted oval, or wide or narrow, not petals, but sepals. They are bright blue in the shade, burning in the sun, and shining white in the blue.

Wild Clematis breviscapus in Qiqiaoweng Wetland Park

A few days ago, the "Clematis Flower Show" was held in the greenhouse of the South Garden of the Botanical Garden. During this period, introduced, purchased and self-bred species or varieties were in full bloom in the germplasm garden of North Park, and the cold wind lasted from the beginning of March to the cruel sun at the end of June. With the advance of the season, the flowering position of each species or variety gradually changes from the side branch of the stem to only at the end of the new stem.

Clematis Exhibition in Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden

Swipe left and right to see more.

There are about 300 species of clematis, whose name means vines or tendrils. In fact, some species are shrub-like, while others are perennial herbs. Since 1753 Linnaeus published C. viticella (clematis australis, the first species of this genus) distributed in Europe, new species have been named and old species have been merged. There are about 0/50 species of clematis/kloc-in China, among which there are many beautiful flowers, such as clematis parviflora, clematis parviflora and so on, which are light and beautiful. Clematis glabra (C. tangutica), Clematis flavescens (C. intricata) and Clematis fruticosa are drooping yellow, bright and full of charm. However, not all wild clematis are so beautiful. When you go out in Jiangsu, you can often see clematis (C. apiifolia), clematis (C. chinensis) and clematis (C. finetiana). , are very common slender white flowers. "The leaves of clematis are full of light, and the moss is printed on the simple steps."

Wild female wilting, photos taken by Clematis chinensis and Shanmu Tongan.

Clematis villosa

Clematis grandiflora

Clematis, with its vines and colorful flowers, has been quickly favored by gardeners and garden planting enthusiasts since the successful hybrid garden variety jackmanii. People's excitement is always generated in more and more hybrid varieties. By 2002, the international catalogue of clematis was published, with more than 3,000 horticultural varieties. Clematis has been popular for 150 years. Tracing back to the cultivation history of clematis by western gardeners, most of their ancestors came from wild species in East Asia, such as Clematis florida, which originated in China. It entered Japanese gardens in the17th century and was introduced to Europe through Japan.

Horticultural varieties of clematis

The record of Clematis plants in China was first found in the book Textual Research on Plant Names by Wu, a botanist in Qing Dynasty, which listed as many as 65,438+00 species of Clematis plants. Including clematis (listed as Clematis and Clematis in the book), Clematis manshuriensis, Clematis chinensis, Clematis macrophylla, Clematis manshuriensis, Clematis crassipes, Clematis cylindrica, Clematis paniculata, Clematis kwangtungensis, Clematis gossypii and Polygonum cuspidatum.

Horticultural varieties of clematis

There are many varieties of horticultural clematis, the colors are mostly blue, white and purple, occasionally pink and green, but only bright red and yellow orange. Somehow, this makes the whole color system slightly dim, which seems to precipitate old things and emotions. In fact, there are many kinds of yellow flowers in wild clematis, such as Clematis tangutica and Clematis flavescens. There is even a sect. (about 10 species). On August 20 1 1, I went to Linzhi to attend the JSE editorial board. As soon as I put down my backpack in the hotel in Bayi Town, I couldn't wait to see the plants on the riverbank near the town. At first, I saw a yellow clematis (C. tibetana), which is not far from vines and has four thick sepals. For me who is not familiar with this group, I didn't mix it with clematis at all.

China-India Clematis (Linzhi)

Another unexpected place to appreciate clematis is that many wild species or horticultural varieties have bell-shaped flowers, which makes it hard to believe that they belong to the same category as those plants with huge flowers. In the mountainous area south of Jiangnan, Castanea henryi can be found in winter, with milky white "bells" hanging and sepals often reddish. If you are lucky, you can also see the yellow bells of C. rehderiana, the crimson bells of Clematis Ranunculata, the blue bells of Clematis integrifolia and the purple bells of Clematis fusca in the wild. Shennongjia Shenlong beard flower bell "saw a curtain of red rain, who is the pro-flower bell?" If you plant a new tree, I don't know if you can listen to a bell ring, and a thousand sounds will echo, depending on how much wind wears and a thousand sounds will echo.

Clematis simplicifolia

Clematis simplicifolia

Clematis flavescens

The crimson bell of Ranunculus clematis.

Blue bell of clematis frondosa

The red bell of the Texas mammoth

C. Coriolus versicolor green bell

Flower bells of clematis in Shennongjia

A bell-shaped horticultural variety of clematis.

Clematis looks good when it blooms, and it looks good when the fruit is ripe. Every seed will drag a long silver thread (lasting style) and ever-changing feathers on it. Thousands of threads will form different hairstyles, some with clear soup and dried noodles, some with curly hair, some with green hair and some with white hair, all of which will turn the natural beauty and jade in full bloom into mature patterns. A vine ball, flowing in the wind, is like an unparalleled flower waterfall, which is its unique brilliance; It is also like a capital word, absently expressing gratitude for the joy given by time and romantic poems unique in summer. In the winter of 20 16, I went to Xining, Qinghai to attend the national symposium on systematic and evolutionary botany. I took the time to go to the long-awaited Chaka Salt Lake. Passing Qinghai Lake on the way, get off and enjoy a rest. I actually saw several clematis plants with ripe fruits on the roadside. I don't know which species. The silver velvet balls between the pure fairy water are sparkling and full of energy, which makes people feel more spotless.

Gan Qing Clematis Fruit (Qinghai Lake)

The beautiful women who stayed on the extended branches lined up in colorful lines, dancing on gloomy or sunny days, letting the dark blue, steady purple, quiet white and pure powder jump in the clingy green branches; Let the vicissitudes and glory of the years merge into a large piece of silk, imagining the colorful years and the luxury of the face.

Li Linfang, the head of Clematis research group in this institute, is a beautiful young woman. She named her carefully cultivated variety "A Dream of Red Mansions" Jinling Twelve Chai. Once, I compared the plumeria to Baochai, which was dignified and beautiful, but it was unintentional and fruitless after all. Then compare the wild camellia to a clever sister, struggling, resisting and adapting, but still having bitter floral fragrance and rich fruit. What will clematis do, corresponding to twelve women?

Varieties bred by Clematis research group in our institute

Ke Qing

nightingale

Yun Xiang

Zhaojun

Miaoyu

Many years ago, Academician Wang Wencai came to our institute to give an academic report on Clematis. From then on, I remembered Mr. Wang and Clematis. After many years, there was a special research team in the institute, so I went to see flowers every year, and there were flowers every year. The empty Cui Li is filled with smoke, and the clematis and vines in Shan Ye are intertwined with thousands of flowers, which is magnificent, but the ownerless sight makes the inherent beauty seem lonely. I often chat with the people in that research group, and when I can see them breed bright red and yellow varieties, or domesticate wild varieties unique to China, this big family will be more complete.

(Note: All the pictures in this article were taken by the author except the annotation. )

Author Hang, pen name June Niu, is a researcher at the Research Center of Plant Diversity and Phylogenetic Evolution, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Province, and an adjunct professor and doctoral supervisor of Nanjing Agricultural University. The main research directions are plant system and taxonomy, plant and functional gene evolution. In addition to research, from June 2065438 to June 2006, I created a personal official WeChat account "Plants have a home" to carry out popular science on plants and culture. He is currently a member of the Ninth Association for Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province, the chief communication expert of Jiangsu Botany, and the director of Jiangsu Popular Science Writers Association.

The author of the video is Li Linfang, an associate researcher at the Ornamental Plant Research Center of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Province, who is engaged in the research on the collection, development and utilization of clematis resources. He has published more than ten articles in magazines such as Theory and Applied Genetics, DNA and Cell Biology, and undertaken 8 scientific and technological projects. There are 12 varieties of clematis cultivated independently, among which "Yunxiang" of clematis won the pot gold prize in Beijing World Horticultural Exposition in 20 19, and "Zijuan" won the pot silver prize in the 10th Shanghai Flower Exposition in 20021year.

-End-

Manuscript, for the picture | Hang Yuyue

Video | Li Linfang

Editing and typesetting | Yao Yuan