Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - It only takes about 2 hours to visit the Humble Administrator's Garden and find a good route.
It only takes about 2 hours to visit the Humble Administrator's Garden and find a good route.
First, the eastern scenic spot
1, Blue School
After entering the park, the first thing you see is a three-room hall called "Blue School". The word "Lan Xue" comes from Li Bai's sentence of "Independent Heaven and Earth, Breeze in Lan Xue". There is a picture of Qi Diao on the middle screen door, which is a panoramic view of Humble Administrator's Garden; Seen from the picture, the Humble Administrator's Garden is divided into three parts (East, Middle and West). It was built in the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635). According to the owner Wang Xinyi's "Returning to the Garden", Lan Xuetang is a five-tree thatched cottage. "The osmanthus trees in the east and west are screens, and the hills behind them are like Zhang, and plum blossoms are planted vertically and horizontally. There are bamboos outside plum blossoms, and bamboos are neighbors, and they come from bamboos at dusk. " Quiet environment.
2, compose Yunfeng
Walking out of Lan Xuetang, I saw a rockery, surrounded by green bamboos and towering old trees, and a huge stone peak, shaped like a cloud, called "Steady Yunfeng". Yunfeng is like a huge screen, blocking our view. This "straight to the point" gardening technique is called "obstacle view".
3. Lotus Pavilion
By the lotus pond in the northeast of Lan Xuetang, this building, which is built by mountains and rivers and has a shed to rest, is the Furong Pavilion. Pavilion is a type of garden architecture in Suzhou. It is located by the water, facing the water on three sides and open on all sides. Hibiscus, there are Hibiscus and Hibiscus. In summer, the lotus pavilion is an excellent place to enjoy the lotus in the East Garden. Facing the lotus pond, the lotus pavilion is backed by a high wall and opened and closed at the same time, forming a strong contrast. Go to the lotus pavilion and look west. You can see a carved circular lampshade on the door frame of the waterfront pavilion. Through the circular lampshade, you can see the small bridge flowing ahead, like an oil painting embedded in a circular frame. When you walk over and have a closer look, you can find that there is a carved rectangular floor tile on the door frame of the waterside pavilion, which is a landscaping technique of "framing".
4. Tian Quan Pavilion
To the north of Furong Pavilion is a crape myrtle lawn, and the octagonal pavilion with double eaves stands in the middle, which is the "Tian Quan Pavilion". There is a well in the pavilion, which is said to be the remains of Dahong Temple. Tianquan Pavilion looks like a two-story building from the outside, but when you walk into this pavilion, you will find that it actually has only one floor. Do you know why cornice is a common Qiang nationality in Suzhou garden buildings? (1) The cornice rises very high, resembling the tail of a phoenix, adding movement and beauty to the garden; (2) The cornice is inclined, which is beneficial to lighting and ventilation. (and the slope has changed, and the surface area of the tail on both sides has expanded, which is beneficial to drainage. )
5. Xiangxiang Pavilion
Look at the big square hall in front of you. The appearance is light and clear, and that is the "Fragrant Hall". As the name implies, "Xiangxiang Pavilion" is a place to watch the fragrance of rice and wheat. Wang Xinyi, the owner of "returning to his hometown" in the Ming Dynasty, once built a fragrant house in the garden, trying to imitate the pleasure of Tao Yuanming's resignation and returning to his hometown. However, the main building of the current fragrant house was moved from Dongshan when the Humble Administrator's Garden was rebuilt in the 1960s.
(Supplement) Wangting: It is taken from Bai Juyi's Looking at the Castle Peak, the highest point in the East Garden of Humble Administrator's Garden, opposite to Furong Pavilion and Tian Quan Pavilion in the north.
6. Promenade (25 flower windows)
The east and middle of Humble Administrator's Garden are separated by this long corridor. You can see that there are 25 leaking windows on the wall of the corridor. People are wandering in the veranda, and with the change of leaking window pattern, the scenery in the garden is constantly changing. This phenomenon is called "changing scenery".
7. Enter the central area, stand at Hongyi Pavilion and briefly introduce the scenery in the central area.
We are now leaning against Hong Ting, which is one and a half pavilions. Why is it called Leaning on Hong Ting? This is when we compare the porch to a rainbow. Because the pavilion leans against the porch, it is named "leaning against Hong Ting". Standing here, we can see the other side of the cave, which is called "duality".
Do you see a tower there? Is it like on the west side of the garden? In fact, that tower is the North Temple Tower, which is about 1 km away from the garden. This gardening technique is called "borrowing scenery".
We can also see that there is a curved bridge on the pool, which divides the pool into two parts. Near us, we feel that the water is gathered together, divided into two strands in the distance and flows to the distance.
Second, the central scenic spot
1, secluded Wuzhu
Next, let's look at "bamboo seclusion", commonly known as "the moon comes to the wind pavilion" It is located in the easternmost part of the central garden, adjacent to "Hong Ting". The pavilion you saw before was round, but the difference was that it was square. The white wall around the pavilion is square, and there is a round hole and a round place on the square wall, which means that the owner pursues "harmony between man and nature" and integrates himself into the natural artistic conception. Standing in the pavilion, people look out like four huge picture frames, inlaid with the scenery of the garden all year round: the winter jasmine in the south represents spring, the lotus in the west represents summer, the bamboo in the north represents autumn, and the white wall in the east represents winter (columnar ice is hung on the wall in winter). The forehead of "Bamboo House" in the pavilion was written by Wen Huiming. There is also a pair of couplets on both sides, "the breeze borrows the moon and the flowing water looks at the mountains." The first part depicts the infinite beauty of natural scenery with the breeze and bright moon, and the second part reveals the role of tourism in cultivating sentiment with the joy of mountains and rivers.
2. Xuexiang Yunting
We crossed the stream and walked up the steps to "Xiang Xue Weiyunge", which is the highest point in the center of the garden, located in the center of the garden, facing Yuanxiangtang from a distance. "Xiang Xue Weiyun Pavilion" has a unique charm with the flowers, ducks and birds in the pavilion. As the old saying goes, "You can enjoy the mountains if you don't go out of the city corridor, and you can enjoy the nymphs when you are downtown", creating the artistic conception of "wild birds bring flowers". On the pavilion column, there is a couplet written by Wen Huiming, "The Palace Mountain is more secluded, the cicada forest is quieter", and this couplet "seeks quietness while moving". (Is there a feeling of otherworldly? )
3. Hefeng Pavilion on all sides
We are now in the Lotus Pavilion in the Central Garden. "Lotus on all sides" as the name implies: surrounded by water. In summer, lotus flowers are in full bloom on all sides, and lotus fragrance wafts from all sides. Hefeng Pavilion is located on an island in the middle of the lake, surrounded by water and planted with willows on three sides. The couplets in the pavilion: "Lotus flowers on four sides and willows on three sides, autumn water in a pond and a well" outline the scenery of Humble Administrator's Garden in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Couplets also contain ordinal numbers of "one, two, three and four". The first couplet of this couplet is modeled after the couplet written by Zhang Baosuo, a calligrapher in Qing Dynasty, in Daming Lake, Jinan: "Lotus flowers on four sides and willows on three sides, a city with mountains and lakes on half sides", and the second couplet is modeled after Dong Li, a poet in Tang Dynasty: "Look at a poet with nothing, a pond with autumn water and a well." Used here, just right.
4. See the buildings on the mountain?
To the north of Hefeng Pavilion is Jianshan Building. It's a two-story building, with the top called "Jianshan Building" and the bottom called "Lotus Champs". Everyone must know Tao Yuanming's poem "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely". By the way, "Looking at the Mountain" came from here. Follow me: the mountain building is like a dragon's head, the corridor is like a dragon's body, the horn is like a dragon's horn, the cave door is like a dragon's mouth, the curved bridge becomes a dragon's beard, and the white wall becomes a dragon's tail. "Jianshan Building" has a shell and a window on the upper floor, a floor-to-ceiling window on the lower floor, and tables, chairs and coffee tables in the room. According to legend, Li Xiucheng worked here during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It is also a good place to enjoy the lotus in summer.
5. Xiangzhou
The mountain opposite the Lotus Pavilion is Xiangzhou. The word "Xiangzhou" was written by Wen Huiming. It got its name from The Book of Songs, which said, "Whoever chooses Du is happy with Zhou Fang". Xiangzhou is a boat-shaped building, also known as "stone boat" or "dry boat". The word "Zhou" here is homophonic with "Zhou". It is worth mentioning that this Zhou Shi is a combination of five typical garden buildings: a pavilion, a terrace, a building, a pavilion and a pavilion: the lotus terrace is at the bow, the square pavilion (now a teahouse) is at the front cabin, the waterside pavilion is at the back cabin, and the Chengguan Tower and Yehang Pavilion are at the stern. Xiangzhou is one of the most famous boat scenes in classical gardens.
6. Xiao Canglang (Little Hong Fei)
We are now in the "Little Canglang". "Little Canglang" comes from "The Fisherman's Song of Chu". The original words are "the clear water of the surging waves can accommodate me, and the turbid water of the surging waves can accommodate me." "Little Canglang" is a water pavilion with three bays, which lives across the water and constitutes a quiet small courtyard. Standing in the small blue waves and looking north, the covered bridge "Little Hong Fei" is reflected in the water like a rainbow. Xiaofeihong is the only covered bridge in Suzhou gardens. This is also the best place to enjoy the scenery.
7. Yuanxiangtang
From Canglang to the east, you will arrive at Yuanxiangtang, which is the main building in the middle of Humble Administrator's Garden. Yuanxiangtang was named after the sentence "Xiang Yuan's legacy" in Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" in Song Dynasty. It is the reception hall, where the garden owner holds important banquets, weddings, funerals, birthdays and other activities.
Yuanxiang Hall: ① There are cloisters outside the hall. On rainy days, we can stay in the cloister and enjoy the scenery; Its architectural feature is not the surrounding walls, but the floor-to-ceiling glass windows, and these windows are movable and can be removed in summer, so they become empty pavilions around, which is convenient for enjoying the scenery; (3) There are no pillars in the room, which will not block the line of sight; (4) The rooms are all qing-style furniture, characterized by gorgeous but heavy, complicated carving and many inlays.
In front of Yuanxiangtang, there is the longest couplet in all gardens in Suzhou, with a total of 80 words. (what? )
Third, western scenic spots.
1, water gallery (there is an inverted photo studio at the end)
We are now in the reflection hall on the west side of Humble Administrator's Garden. This winding water gallery is one of the three famous gardens in Suzhou. The other is the winding path of Lingering Garden, the cloister of Canglang Pavilion. This water gallery is built along the water, with ups and downs (the feeling of facing the waves)
The reason why "Inverted Photo Studio" is named "Inverted Photo Studio" is that the reflection of this pavilion can be clearly seen from the pond in front. The inverted studio is a small building with two floors, the lower floor is called Zhai, Wen means Wen Huiming and Shen means Shen Zhou. It means a memorial hall in memory of Wen Huiming and his teacher Shen Zhou. The screen door in the middle of the "inverted studio" is carved with bamboo paintings by Zheng Banqiao, one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou, and is also rare and precious.
2. Who will sit on the porch with whom?
There is a group of pavilions in the west of the water gallery. The closest thing is "who will sit on the porch with you". It's a pavilion, like a fan. The tile on the top of the porch is like a folding fan, and the "Li Ting" spire behind it is like the handle of a folding fan. Who to Sit with is based on Su Dongpo's Who to Sit with? Named after the words "bright moon, cool breeze, me", it expresses the poet's narcissistic mood. The owner of the garden shows his lofty, only the "breeze" and "bright moon" can keep me company.
3. Thirty-six Yuanyang pavilions and eighteen Datura flower pavilions
There are 36 Yuanyang pavilions and 18 Roman flower pavilions in the main buildings of the West Garden of Humble Administrator's Garden. This building is a beautified "Yuanyang Hall" structure. From the outside, there is a roof, and there are two roofs inside; Outside, it looks like a hall, while inside, it is divided into two living rooms. There are many differences between Yuanyang Hall and other places. There are more stages here than other Yuanyang halls. The four panes are inlaid with blue and white glass in the shape of wheat. In the four corners of the museum, there are additional ear rooms. According to legend, the garden owner listens to Kunqu opera in the hall, and the actors can rest and make up in the wing. On weekdays, guests come and servants and waiters rest in the wing.
When you enter the door, you can see that there are four official characters carved in bricks above the circular cave entrance, which means that you can get better only when you enter the door, and it is a little fun. The North Hall has the "Thirty-six Yuan Yang Pavilion" inscribed by Honggou, the champion of Suzhou in Qing Dynasty. In the South Pavilion, there is also an "Eighteen Golden Flowers Pavilion" inscribed by Lu Runxiang, the champion of Suzhou literature. The name is neat and symmetrical, meaning auspicious and beautiful. According to legend, "Datura flower" is very similar to camellia. So 18 plants of various camellias were planted in the small yard to meet the occasion.
Step 4 stay in the listening booth
Thirty-six Yuan Yang Pavilion was inscribed by Wu Dacheng, the governor of Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty. This is a boat-shaped building. Stay in the pavilion, and take the sentence of Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Autumn is cloudy and frost flies late, leaving residual lotus flowers to listen to the rain". The flying cover on the door frame of Liuting Pavilion is carved from a whole piece of ginkgo, interwoven with two groups of traditional patterns: pine, bamboo and plum, "three friends in old age" and "a little plum (eyebrow) happiness". A carved dragon is carved on the nanmu partition board, which is round and beautiful. It is said to be the remains of the Loyalty Palace in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which has high artistic and historical value.
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