What are the gynecological examinations that women must do? What should I pay attention to in gynecological examination?

According to the survey, almost all gynecological cancers are found in routine gynecological examinations, but many women choose not to have gynecological examinations because they are afraid of pain, shyness, embarrassment or some unpleasant experiences in the past. Gynecological examination is actually responsible for your own health. In order to find the disease as soon as possible, they need to do more physical examinations. What are the gynecological examinations that women must do? What should I pay attention to in gynecological examination?

1, women must have gynecological examination.

1. vulvar examination: the most basic examination in gynecology.

Only doctors can see its health truth by visual inspection. But many people are shy and refuse to check for fear that they are not beautiful enough.

Director Qi Yirong said: It is the duty of doctors to examine patients. Doctors don't comment on the beauty and ugliness of individual bodies. We are more concerned about whether there are abnormal changes, such as the smell, color, characteristics and abnormal protrusions of secretions.

What does vulvar examination tell us: vulvar examination will not cause any discomfort, and you need to overcome your shyness and incorrect body posture. Doctors can intuitively find health details that you can't find yourself, such as genital warts and human papillomavirus infection, which will leave traces on the vulva. Once the doctor finds an abnormality, he can guide you to treat it as soon as possible, and don't let small lesions become big problems.

2. Cervical TCT examination: Women who have sex must do it.

The cervix is a place where women are prone to accidents. Cervicitis, cervical erosion, cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer are all possible health crisis events in this area. Many people don't want to do this test because they are afraid of pain. I wonder how hard the doctor will use when doing cervical curettage.

Dr Luan Mei said: TCT is the name of Xinbai liquid-based cytology examination, and it is a screening technique for cervical lesions. 65,438+0,000% of cervical cancer can be found. During the examination, the doctor can get some exfoliated cells by gently rubbing the cervix with a small brush, so it can be done without pain at all, because there is no pain nerve in the cervix.

What does TCT check: this check is not used to check cervical erosion, because it is something that doctors can see clearly with the naked eye; TCT is a cytological examination used to detect cervical cancer, which can be found at the first time. All women who have sex should be examined once a year.

3. Endoscopy of female private parts: Patients with TCT problems should do it.

TCT is a cytological examination. If there is a problem, the doctor will advise you to have a check-up of women's private parts to see what your body looks like intuitively. What scares people here is, will it hurt to put such a big thing in it?

Director qi said: it does hurt a little, but it's a slight fall. Endoscopy of female private parts is an invasive examination. Doctors use normal saline and far-infrared radiation to disinfect vulva.

What does the examination of women's private parts tell us: we can find out whether there are any special protrusions and lesions in women's private parts, and at the same time, we should do in-depth examination of those who have done cervical TCT examination. If precancerous lesions or severe cervical erosion are found in the cervix, the doctor will perform the operation under the microscope of the female private parts. After the examination, the doctor will leave sterile and bloodsucking gauze and take it out of the hospital 24 hours later. So the examination of women's private parts is similar to a minor operation. After the examination, it is best to stay in bed and wait for further examination results.

4. B-ultrasound of female private parts: clearer and more comprehensive.

B-ultrasound of female private parts can clearly understand the situation of female private parts, ovaries and uterus without holding back urine, and obtain more health information than abdominal B-ultrasound.

Dr. Luan Mei said: Compared with waiting for urine, B-ultrasound in women's private parts saves more time, and because the probe is inserted into women's private parts, doctors are more convenient to know the state of body accessories. Because you don't have to hold your urine, you won't feel oppressive and urinate.

What does B-ultrasound in female private parts tell us: B-ultrasound in female private parts can find gynecological diseases such as hysteromyoma, endometrial cancer, ovarian tumor and hydrosalpinx, and has diagnostic value for ectopic pregnancy, early pregnancy, pelvic mass and inflammation. It is suggested that B-ultrasound of female private parts can understand the ovulation process of ovaries, which is very suitable for women who are preparing to have babies. For women with pregnancy difficulties, before a painful salpingography, we can do B-ultrasound for female private parts several times in different periods, observe the work of ovaries and uterus, and find out the reasons for pregnancy difficulties.

5. salpingography: a necessary examination for women with pregnancy difficulties.

If you can't get pregnant smoothly, the doctor may suggest that you do a dynamic observation of female private parts by B-ultrasound within a menstrual cycle. If your ovaries function normally, but you don't get pregnant smoothly, the doctor will recommend you to have this test. This examination is said to be very painful.

Director Qi Yirong said: It really hurts a little, because you need to inject contrast media, but the examination won't take long. As long as you cooperate well, the exam will be finished soon.

What does this examination tell us: this examination should be carried out 3~7 days after menstruation is clean, and those with irregular menstruation can be delayed to 10 day after menstruation. The examination is mainly to observe whether the fallopian tube is unobstructed. Because sperm and eggs meet in the fallopian tube, they become a small fertilized egg after completing the initial combination and settle down in the uterus along the fallopian tube. If tubal nowhere, sperm can't meet eggs. The purpose of the examination is to find out whether the fallopian tube is unobstructed.

6. Breast examination: an essential examination for every woman.

Except for a few days after giving birth to a child, the breast is controlled by surgery in a general hospital.

According to the data of the physical examination center, about 60% of professional women have hyperplasia of mammary glands, and more than 8% have breast lumps. In this era when many people have sub-health problems, breast examination is compulsory for all adult women, and Asian women should pay more attention to it-the average age of Asian women suffering from breast cancer is much earlier than that of western women.

The reason why women are afraid of breast examination is that they are afraid of embarrassment, because nipples may become hard during breast examination, and the size of breasts is also a concern of many women.

Dr. Luan Mei said: Although the medical classification of breast belongs to surgery, we often meet women who come to obstetrics and gynecology for breast examination, and we can't refuse. Now we generally use B-ultrasound or molybdenum target to check breast health problems, which is more scientific than palpation. Women whose breasts are too small to be molybdenum targets can do B-ultrasound, and then do MRI if there is a problem. The reason why breast examination can't be missed: Breast cancer is a killer of women's health, and it is also one of the tumors with the highest cure rate after early detection. The latest data show that the cure rate of breast cancer patients who are found early and treated in time is close to 90%. Because the onset age of breast cancer in Asian women is relatively early, it is necessary to have a B-ultrasound examination every year and at least a molybdenum target after the age of 35; Women over 40 years old with breast hyperplasia and nodules should have a molybdenum target examination every year.

2. What should I pay attention to in gynecological examination?

1. Choose to have a physical examination after one week of clean menstruation. During this time, your breasts are the most relaxed and guide the least secretion.

2. Take a bath in the morning and clean the private parts with clear water, but don't clean the female private parts, so as not to affect the test results.

Wear clothes that are easy to put on and take off, such as loose tops and skirts, and don't wear jumpsuits and boots.

3. How often do gynecological examinations?

Some female friends are optimistic that gynecological examinations don't need to be done often as long as there is no discomfort; Some women cautiously believe that gynecological examinations should be conducted as often as possible for safety reasons. Experts say that the frequency of gynecological examination is different at different ages. For unmarried girls who have no sexual life, as long as they are in good health, it is enough to have a gynecological examination every few years; For married women, due to their own physiological characteristics, the incidence of various gynecological diseases has increased, so it is necessary to have a gynecological examination regularly every year. In addition, it is necessary for menopausal elderly people to have gynecological examinations. At this time, the main purpose is to screen gynecological tumors and reproductive tract inflammation, especially endometrial cancer, cervical cancer and vaginitis of elderly women, which are common gynecological diseases in this period, and ovarian malignant tumors are also one of the contents of the investigation.

It is generally believed that gynecological examination is only for women after marriage or childbirth. For unmarried women, there is usually no habit of gynecological examination. This is actually a wrong idea. Gynecological examination is to check the common gynecological diseases of women.

Menstrual syndrome: menorrhagia, less menstrual flow, irregular menstruation (collectively referred to as irregular menstruation), premature menarche, late menarche or amenorrhea; Dysmenorrhea or leucorrhea with excessive odor, color or purulent blood; Female private parts appear redness, pain, erosion or ulcer.

Mammary dysplasia: lobular hyperplasia and lump of breast. By the way, the size of the left and right breasts is often different, but there is nothing to worry about. Breasts are usually flat, and no one will notice this. Besides, wearing a bra depends entirely on your pleasure.

Tips: Improper exercise can cause gynecological diseases, because strenuous exercise can cause female vulvar trauma, abnormal menstruation, ovarian rupture, endometriosis, uterine prolapse and so on.