What should I pay attention to when taking pictures?

Portrait photography needs to pay attention to the following five aspects: 1, and choose the appropriate focal length. ? 0? 6[ 1] Choose a suitable lens before shooting, so what kind of focal length is most suitable for shooting portraits? Taking common busts or special portraits as an example, the most suitable focal length is the medium focal length of 80- 105mm (detailed parameters, online purchase, massive pictures, comments from netizens), which is closer to the effect seen by human eyes. A lens with this focal length is usually called a "portrait lens". Using this lens, we can easily get a shallow depth of field to blur the background, and at the same time keep a moderate distance from the subject. If the focal length is too short, the bust should be taken close to the subject. Due to the perspective principle, it often produces a deformation similar to a big nose; On the other hand, if the focal length is too long, it is necessary to stay away from the subject in order to accommodate the complete bust in the picture, which is not only not conducive to communication with the model, but also makes the face of the character lack of three-dimensional sense. When shooting a full-length portrait, you can choose a standard lens or a wide-angle lens. If you are very concerned about the blur of the background, it is best to use a fixed focus lens; Without this concern, the zoom lens can meet the requirements. ? 0? Of course, what is said here is only a general rule, and you can choose flexibly according to your own creative requirements. For example, take close-ups with wide-angle lenses to create exaggerated artistic effects, or capture photos with telephoto lenses. 2. Accurate focusing and exposure. Ensure accurate focusing and exposure when shooting. When people appreciate a portrait work, they will naturally pay attention to the eyes of the characters first, so accurately focusing on the eyes of the characters is also the iron law of portrait photography. When shooting from the front, you can focus your eyes at the same time; If shooting from the side, focus on the eyes near the lens in principle. Generally, when taking portrait photography, the background will be blurred to highlight the main body, so the depth of field is shallow, and manual focusing can be used to accurately focus people's eyes. In addition, in some special occasions, such as rainy days, indoors and at night, a tripod can be used to avoid image blur. Similarly, the photometry of the camera should be based on the accurate exposure of the subject's face. When shooting in backlight, the background light often affects the photometry, making the face of the person too dark or too bright. At this time, it is suggested to use spot metering mode to accurately measure the face to ensure the accurate exposure of the face. 3. Pay attention to the choice of background. Attention should be paid to the treatment of background, especially when shooting outdoors, and different factors such as the environment and weather at the shooting site should be fully considered. A suitable background can set off a character's personality and inner world, while an inappropriate background will destroy the character's sense of existence and greatly discount the work, so try to avoid it when shooting. If there is no suitable background, you can choose some simple scenes and blur the background with shallow depth of field to make the subject stand out. You can shoot as close as possible to the subject, or you can open the aperture and choose a lens with a longer focal length, which is also the most basic shooting technique for busts and special portraits. For example, the picture on the right highlights the person in front with a simple line as the background. 4. Try different compositions. Many beginners in photography are used to putting people in the center of the picture when taking portraits, so the photos they take often look dull. You can try to divide the picture into nine pieces in the shape of a "well", and consciously position the subject at the intersection when shooting, which can make the picture harmonious and bring comfortable visual effects. If you are shooting a special portrait, you can choose to let the eyes of the characters be at the crossroads. In addition, pay attention to the balance of the picture. Usually we leave some space in the direction of the characters' eyes, which gives them a sense of extension and makes the picture look less cramped. For example, as shown on the left. As for shooting horizontally or vertically, shooting overhead or shooting overhead, there is no special restriction, and the photographer can choose according to the scene environment or the posture of the subject. If you are not sure which is more suitable, you can try different shooting angles. Generally speaking, the vertical shot is suitable for expressing the characters themselves, and the horizontal shot is suitable for explaining the scene environment. Of course, this is not absolute. When you have a deeper understanding of framing and composition, you can completely break the existing conventions and shoot unique works. 5. Pay attention to the change of light and shadow. Running out of light has always been the most difficult part of photography. Here, I only talk about the rules of light use commonly used by beginners in photography. First of all, the light should change in the face of the character, and the transition should be even, which can make the face of the character look full. However, it should be noted that there should not be too many dark parts and too strong highlights to avoid losing details. Secondly, pay attention to the illumination angle of light. The vertically illuminated light easily produces shadows under the eyes and nose of the model, resulting in heavier bags under the eyes. Therefore, sunny days are generally not suitable for shooting portraits in direct sunlight. You should choose cloudy or cloudy days, or fill the light with a flashlight or reflector.