Lumiere and Edison; Eisenstein, Hitchcock, Polanski, Yasujirō Ozu, Kurosawa, tarkovsky, mikhalkov, Abbas.

French film inventor and director. 1864 10 was born in the song dynasty on 10 on 5 October, and 1948 died in bondole on 6 June. 1895, he and his brother obtained the invention patent of film projector. 1895, 1895 On February 28th, 1995, he first showed his films "Factory Gate" and "Train Arrived" in public, which was considered as the birth date of the film. Since 1896, he has trained a large number of projectionists to tour around the world, making the film spread all over the world quickly. His films are classics of early films. His films use close-ups (baby lunches) and depth-of-field shots (trains arrive at the station). He also produced the earliest comedy (Watered Gardener).

Eisenstein (1898.1.22—1948.2.11)

Soviet film director, film art theorist and educator. Outstanding artist, doctor and art professor of the Russian Federation. Born in Riga, died in Moscow. 1922, the first programmatic aesthetic declaration "Variety Montage" was published in the magazine "Left Art Front", which caused a long-term debate and had a far-reaching impact on the development of the whole film art. Eisenstein turned to the film industry in 1924, and the first film "Strike" directed by him was praised as "the first" by Pravda. Battleship potemkin, directed by 1925, has been rated as the best film of 12 since it came out at the Brussels International Film Festival in 1958. 1932 went to Mexico to shoot the epic film Long Live Mexico, which runs through Mexico's 2000-year history. 1979 won the honorary gold medal of Moscow International Film Festival. 1938 His film alexander nevsky, in which the Ice Lake War became a classic in the world film history. Ivan the Great, the last film he directed, has become one of the highest films in the world and made great contributions to the development of film art ... Eisenstein's film theory has carried out many pioneering studies in the fields of film overall structure, montage, sound and painting framework, single-shot picture structure, color and film history. In addition, his works on the nature of artistic passion, artistic methods and acceptance psychology also occupy a particularly important position in his theoretical heritage. The film circles all over the world attach great importance to his artistic theory.

Hitchcock (1899.8.13—1980.4.29)

Alfred Hitchcock was born in an ordinary family in East London, England, and lived by selling vegetables. From 65438 to 0925, he began to direct films independently and directed the film Happy Garden co-produced by Britain and Germany, which also marked the beginning of his directing career. 1939 was invited to Hollywood. The following year, he filmed Butterfly Dream and won the Oscar for Best Film. From then on, he settled in the United States until his death. Hitchcock directed many unforgettable films and became a famous director in the world film history. In recognition of his outstanding contribution to the film art, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences awarded him a lifetime achievement award of 65438-0979. 1980, Queen Elizabeth II knighted him. Hitchcock is an artist who pays close attention to the spiritual world of human beings. He directed and produced 59 films and more than 300 TV series in his life. Most of them take people's nervousness, anxiety, snooping and fear as narrative themes, setting suspense, and the stories are thrilling, fascinating and amazing. Hitchcock is good at shooting thrillers and suspense films and is known as the "master of nervousness". There are not only many famous business cards handed down from generation to generation, but also have a far-reaching impact on the film industry.

Polanski (1933.8. 18-)

Roman polanski was born into a Polish Jewish family living in Paris. Shortly after birth, the whole family was persecuted by the wave of anti-semitism and anti-semitism. Since 1950s, he has written, directed and acted in some short films, among which Two Men and The Dressing Room won five international awards, and Roman Sharon Tate was married in London, England from 65438 to 0967. This year, Roman successfully released Lost Baby, which became a classic in horror movies, and was nominated for the 26th Golden Globe Award and the 4th1Oscar for Best Screenplay. 1969, he suffered a devastating blow-Sharon Tate, who was eight months pregnant, was killed. 1974, Roman released Chinatown, which became one of the representative works of film noir in 1970s, and was nominated for the best director in the 28th British Academy Award, the 3rd1Golden Globe Award and the 47th Oscar Award. From 65438 to 0979, Roman directed the romantic film Tess, won the Best Director Award from the Film Critics Association of César Awards and Los Angeles, and was nominated for the 38th Golden Globe Award and the 53rd Oscar Award. 1994 directed the thriller Immoral Trial, which became his darkest and most depressing film. In 2002, Roman released his masterpiece The Pianist. He was recognized by Hollywood and global film critics and audiences, and won the Palme d 'Or Award in the 55th Cannes Film Festival, the Best Director Award in César Awards, Boston Film Critics Association and American Film Critics Association, and the Best Director Award in the 75th Academy Award. He is an artist with superb ability to control movies, and most of his works reflect his unique world outlook and outlook on life. His deep insight into dark human nature makes most of his films involve violence, death and loneliness. Horror and suspense movies are his specialty, and he became the "master of evil" in the history of movies.

Yasujiro (1903.12.15 ~1963.12)

Japanese film director. 190365438+February 15 was born in Tokyo,196365438+February 12 died in the same place. 1923, working as a photography assistant in Songzhu Company; 1926, promoted to deputy director; 1927, become a director. The first film directed was confession with a white blade. 1932, the famous work "Seeing for the First Time in Life" was rated as the top ten best films of the year by Film Ten. In the following two years, his "The Difference of One Thought" and "Floating Grass" won the top ten in succession. 1939, his screenplay The Quiet Life was censored, and it was not until 1952 that he was allowed to shoot. 194 1 year, his toda brothers won the top ten again. After the war, he directed a series of excellent films, such as Gentleman in Slumdog, Late Spring, Mai Qiu, A Trip to Tokyo, Early Spring, Twilight in Tokyo and so on. , and won the Minister of Education Award and the Aster Medal with 1958. 1960, his film Good Qiu Guang won the Japanese Art Award and the Director Award of the Asian International Film Festival. His last two films, Autumn in the Sakakawa Family and the Taste of saury, are also excellent films with great influence. 1963 was elected as an academician of the Japanese Academy of Arts. After his death, he was awarded the fourth-class medal of the government, the cultural award of the Japan Film Journalists Association and the special award of the Japan Broadcasting Association.

Akira Kurosawa (1910.3.23—1998.9.6)

A famous Japanese director. 1910 was born in a samurai family in Tokyo on March 23rd, ranking the eldest among eight brothers and sisters. 1936 seeing the advertisement of a film company for an assistant director opened the door to the development of the film industry. At the age of 33, Akira Kurosawa made his first film "Pose Sanshiro", and the work that really became famous abroad was Rashomon by 1950. 195 1 won the Golden Lion Award at Venice Film Festival, and then won the Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film. Kurosawa's works inspired many young directors in Japan and the United States. Because his works strive for perfection and the scene is grand, he is known as the "emperor". He once wrote: "If you take the film away from me, there will be only zero left." His film themes have always emphasized the bushido spirit, humanist ideals and the importance of self-sacrifice. His original style is exquisite details and horizontal mirror transportation. His masterpieces include Rashomon, Seven Samurai and Dream. He is an important director of the internationalization of Japanese films and an important figure in the history of modern Japanese films.

Tarfsky (1932- 1986)

Andrei Tarvsky is known as "the most important Soviet director since Eisenstein". He only made two short films and seven feature films, each of which is a classic. He was born in Zaflos, Russia, on 1932. He is the son of the poet Arseni Tarvsky. He studied at the Soviet Film Academy and graduated in 196 1. His films have won many international awards; Ivan's Childhood, the first feature film, won the Golden Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival in 1962. Tarkovsky became an outstanding representative of contemporary films. He claimed that making a film was "carving time" and hoped to really raise the film to the height of literature and art. His last work, Sacrifice, won a special prize from the jury of 1986 Summer Film Festival. In the same year1February, Tarfsky died of lung cancer in Paris at the age of 54.

Mikhalkov (1945.10.21-)

Male, born in 1945,10,21,Russian. Nikita mikhalkov, known as Russian Steven Allan Spielberg, was born in an artistic family in Moscow in 1945. His father Sergei Khaikov is a poet and writer, and he wrote the national anthem of the Soviet Union. His mother is also a poet, and his brother is also a famous Russian director andrei konchalovsky. Nikita mikhalkov is good at processing images, telling stories and expressing feelings with excellent pictures, and his works are full of strong Russian humanitarian concern. "Unfinished Music for Mechanical Piano" made him famous internationally, while "Black Eyes" starring Mashuyani was the beginning for many fans to pay attention to mikhalkov's image charm. In 9 1 year, Cullen won the Golden Lion Award in Venice and the best film in the European Film Awards. 1995, the scorching sun pushed him to the peak of his career. Together with Zhang Yimou's Alive, the film won the jury award of Cannes Film Festival, and even won the Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film with 1996. In the same year, it was invited to be the chairman of the jury of Berlin Film Festival. Mikhalkov is currently the chairman of the Russian Film Association, and he is a well-known movie master in the film industry.

Abbas (1940.6.22—)

Abbas kiarostami was born in Tehran, the Iranian capital, and graduated from Tehran Art Institute. In the past and present centuries, the most admired and admired Asian cultural representative in the world is the world-class Iranian movie master abbas kiarostami, a prolific and critical film director, artist, photographer and poet. His works are visually simple but rich in concepts. Abbas, who has won many international honors such as the Palme d 'Or Award at Cannes International Film Festival, is a rare master in the world film industry today. He is good at revealing the deepest feelings of mankind from ordinary events. Abbas kiarostami was a late bloomer. 1969, with the rise of Iranian new wave films, Abbas began to set foot in the film industry. 1997, Abbas's film The Taste of Cherry about the philosophy of death won the Palme d 'Or Award at the 50th Cannes Film Festival. So far, Abbas has directed 32 films, more than half of which are short films and documentaries within 60 minutes. The image world he created has been divorced from the category of popular movies, but a kind of "author movie" that needs to be read. Abbas, also known as the head of Iranian films since 1970s, is an oriental writer and director who can be compared with Indian Satyajit Ray and Japanese Akira Kurosawa.

The director "Edison" was not found. Is it Thomas Edison? )