Composition Stamp A Brief Introduction to the Background of the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple in Dali Scenery

My friends, this is the world-famous Three Pagodas in Dali, and this is the unparalleled Three Pagodas in Chongdui Temple. They are the name cards and symbols of Dali and the totem worship of Dali people. We Dali people call the tower a style of writing. Do you think these three giant pens are splashing ink and writing close-ups between the blue sky and white clouds? Some people use the poem "write a piece of paper backwards" to describe it. They are adjacent to the towering Cangshan Mountain in the west and the beautiful Erhai Lake in the east, standing proudly in the middle of the Millennium Dali Dam. Because the temple stands a tower, the tower is named after the temple. Chongsheng Temple is the Santa Temple written by Mr. Xu Xiake, a traveler in the Ming Dynasty in Yunnan Diary, and the Tianlong Temple written by Jin Yong, a master of modern martial arts novels, in Tianlong Babu. The spectacular temple of Chongsheng Temple was burned down during the reign of Emperor Xiannian, and only these three towers are well preserved and stand tall today. Please look west. The Chongsheng Temple, which is currently under construction at the foot of the mountain not far away, will surely restore the scale and grandeur of its heyday. You are welcome to come back after it is completed, so you are revisiting it.

The three pagodas of Chongsheng Temple are composed of this big one and two small ones. The big tower is called Chihiro Tower. The distance between Chihiro Tower and the two small towers in the north and south is 7 meters, showing a tripartite confrontation. Chihiro Tower is 69.13 meters high, and it is a square hollow brick tower with dense eaves, with 16 levels, which belongs to the typical architectural style of Tang Dynasty. The inner wall of the tower runs vertically up and down, and there are no wooden stairs. You can climb to the top of the tower and enjoy the panoramic view of the ancient city of Dali from the observation hole. It is said that the top of the tower can accommodate four people, and a ladder can be used to climb to the top from the tower edge near the top, but that requires high skill and extraordinary courage. In the past, young people nearby often climbed to the top of the tower to play the flute and sing the tune, which was really chic. To tell you the truth, I was lucky enough to climb the Chihiro Tower, but of course I didn't get to the top. Looking at Cangshan Ruixue in the west of the tower, overlooking Yu 'er Bibo in the east, taking a close look at the idyllic scenery of Canger Woye, and overlooking the beautiful image of a chicken's feet and jade dragon ... The feeling of climbing high and looking far is really unusual. Nowadays, due to the protection of cultural relics and historical sites, it is impossible for all the guests to have such an opportunity. However, among the ancient buildings of Chongsheng Temple under construction, there must be similar commanding heights to compensate for such regrets. Chihiro Tower stands on this two-storey platform. On the east-facing zhaobi in front of the tower, you can see these four vigorous and powerful stone-carved Chinese characters, each with a height of 1.7 meters, written by Sun Mu Shijie, the duke of Ming and Guizhou. There are two reasons for writing these four words: one is that there are many floods in the history of Dali because of evil dragons, so as long as water is controlled, dragons must be treated first, but dragons only respect towers and fear Dapeng. Therefore, only the towers and the Dapeng golden-winged birds on the towers dare to do evil if there are dragons, and the floods will naturally be reduced. It is said that there are nine dragons under these three towers, and the Dapeng golden-winged birds on the towers disappeared after the earthquake in 1925. The precious cultural relics found during the maintenance and reinforcement of the three towers from 1978 to 1981 have their models, and now the Dapeng golden-winged birds shaped at the entrance of the State Museum on the banks of Xi 'er River in Shimonoseki are its replicas. Another way of saying this is that in the Ming Dynasty, Dali, which was located in the frontier, became its territory. In order to fully express the intention of sticking to this territory, it can be said that "inscription and inscription" on the standing tower foundation is far-reaching and appropriate.

The time when Chihiro Pagoda began to be built is generally considered as the period when Nanzhao advised Fengyou (823-859 AD). Legend has it that there are many ways to build Chihiro Tower, one of which is called "soil burying method", that is, from the beginning of the tower foundation, every level of tower is buried with soil, and the mound is pressed into a sloping earth platform, which greatly facilitates the transportation of building materials and the construction of the next level tower. When the tower is capped, the slope of the earth platform has extended for miles, and it is said that it extends to Yinqiao area, and then the buried tower is dug up layer by layer. When I was a child, I heard that goats were used to carry bricks when the tower was built. Because goats are light and dexterous, they can climb high, and one sheep can carry two bricks at a time. I think it must make sense.

among the three towers, the two small towers in the north and south are the same height, both of which are 42.19 meters, each with 1 levels. They are a pair of octagonal brick towers with dense eaves. The eight floors above are solid and the eight floors below are hollow. The outline of the appearance is like a cone, which belongs to the typical architectural style of Song Dynasty. According to relevant data, the South-North Pagoda was built in the period of Duan Zhengyan and Duan Zhengxing in Dali (AD 118-1172). Now, the two small towers we see have deviated from the vertical line and are in a worrying state, but you don't have to worry, because they have been tilted for more than 4 years. This can be said to be the "leaning tower" spectacle in Dali. If we look up at the three pagodas carefully, we can easily find that there are arch niches on all sides of the seal class of Chihiro Pagoda; That is to say, it is often said that the small pavilion is dedicated to the Buddha. There are Buddha statues in the two opposite niches, and the other two niches serve as windows and holes leading to the tower center. As for the North-South Pagoda, the eight sides of each level are shaped like pagodas with different shapes, and the towers on each floor are decorated with reliefs. The series of the three pagodas of Chongsheng Temple are all even, but the series of the pagodas passing through the local pagodas are generally dependent.

Since their construction, these three towers have been exposed to the sun, wind and rain for thousands of years, and have also been severely tested by more than 3 strong earthquakes. Among them, during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, most of the houses in the ancient city of Dali collapsed, and the Chihiro Tower also cracked like a broken bamboo, but miraculously recovered itself ten days later. In the Dali earthquake in 1925, 99% of the houses in urban and rural areas collapsed, and the Chihiro Pagoda only knocked down the Dingbao Temple on the top. This is indeed a miracle for the three towers built directly without a stone foundation. After the completion of Chongsheng Temple and the Three Pagodas, the temple was well preserved until the Ming Dynasty. According to historical records, it has a scale of seven miles in Fiona Fang, with three pavilions and nine halls on the seventh floor, more than 89 houses and 11,4 buddhas. In Dali, nine kings were monks and abbots of Chongsheng Temple. During the Dali period when Buddhism prevailed, no matter the people were rich or poor, every household had a Buddhist temple; No matter men, women and children, they can't let go of a few pearls, so Dali is known as the "Buddhist country". Chongsheng Temple is also known as the "Buddha Capital". The ancients said that "the victory of Nanzhong Brahma Temple lies in Cangshan Ershui, and the victory of Cangshan Ershui lies in Chongyi Temple". The three pagodas in the temple, namely Hongzhong, Yutong Guanyin, Zhengdao Gebei, Fodu Tablet and Sansheng Golden Statue, are regarded as five heavy objects, that is, five treasures. At that time, the famous monk Nianan in the Yuan Dynasty wrote an inscription from a famous couplet like Chongsheng Temple: "Awesome! With a magnificent view, I didn't know this place until I arrived in this state; Sure enough! It is a scenic spot in ancient south, and Festa Mo is called Si Lou. " Anonymous inscription "The Shadow of the Three Towers in the Ancient Clouds; The clock on the first floor of the wind and rain. " They all gave a wonderful view of the famous towers and buildings of Chongsheng Temple. Until Li Yuanyang organized the reconstruction of Chongsheng Temple in the Ming Dynasty, the five treasures in the temple were still well preserved. Xu Xiake once wrote in the Diary of a Tour in Yunnan that the bell in the temple was cast in the 12th year of Nanzhao's founding (AD 871): "The bell is extremely large, with a diameter of more than ten feet and a thickness of one foot, and its sound can reach 8 miles." Therefore, "Zhong Zhen Buddha Capital" has become one of the sixteen famous scenic spots in Dali. Someone wrote in the original bell tower, "Knock loudly, knock loudly, and sleep in a dream;" One Buddha with one voice, a thousand buddhas, and a distant view of the sky beyond the sky "describes this landscape, while Zhou Zhilie in the Qing Dynasty inscribed" The building is going to empty the world and me; The bell wakes up the past and the present. " It also has the same effect. The rain copper Guanyin in the original temple is solemn, quiet and beautiful, with a thin waist and barefoot, and its shape is exquisite. According to legend, Guanyin, which was three feet high, was cast in the temple at that time, and the copper was finished by the middle of casting. At this time, a copper rain fell in the sky, and people collected these pearls of copper rain before casting Guanyin, hence the name Yutong Guanyin, which I visited many times in my childhood. The giant bell in the temple was later destroyed during the reign of Emperor Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty, while the Yutong Guanyin was destroyed in the early days of the Cultural Revolution, and the time of the destruction of the Taoist tablet and the Buddhist plaque is unknown. Now the bell tower and Yutong Guanyin Hall in the temple were rebuilt only a few years ago. The recast Jianda Bell was designed by Beijing Ancient Bell Museum according to historical data and cast by Nanjing Chenguang Machinery Factory. The clock is 3.86 meters high, 2.138 meters in diameter and weighs 16.295 tons. At present, it is the fourth largest clock in China and the first in Yunan.

As early as March 1961, the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple were announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. From 1978 to 1981, the state allocated funds for the maintenance and reinforcement of the three towers for three years. In this maintenance and reinforcement, there are two important discoveries: first, the footings of the three pagodas are not stone foundations, but earth foundations; second, more than 68 precious cultural relics, such as Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures, have been cleared up, which is the most abundant and important batch of cultural relics discovered so far during Nanzhao and Dali periods. These cultural relics have become historical materials for studying the history of Nanzhao and Dali. During Nanzhao and Dali periods, Tibetan Buddhism, Indian Tantric Buddhism and Zen Buddhism (Central Plains) and other religious cultures met and merged in Dali. Therefore, Dali is called "the ancient capital at the crossroads of Asian culture" by sociologists. After visiting the Three Pagodas, we should visit the Three Pagodas Reflection Park.

We are visiting the Three Pagodas Reflection Park. It was derived from Jishuitan, a reservoir built during the Great Leap Forward in the late 195s in the 198s. The park covers an area of 27 mu, with a water area of more than 1 mu. The park sits north to south, with its back against the three pagodas of Chongsheng Temple, which is one kilometer away. It is named after the pool water in the park can clearly reflect the majestic and beautiful images of the three pagodas. It embeds the three ancient pagodas that stand tall and upright, and makes a crystal clear mirror that can show their beautiful images, adding a lot of beauty and grace to the beautiful scenery of the three pagodas that stand in the sky. The buildings in the park have couplets reflecting the Bai people's houses and inscribed poems. There are many exotic flowers in the park, such as Camellia, Cinnamomum burmannii and Guijuan. It is an excellent place for tourists to recite poems and couplets, or to watch flowers of a hundred herbs, or to take photos with the beautiful scenery of the three pagodas in the water as a souvenir. It is wonderful not only in the sunny day, but also in the night when the moonlight is like water. The excellent beauty of the three towers reflecting the moon can be called the real "three towers reflecting the moon". The reflection of the Three Pagodas, with its beautiful scenery that embraces and blends the iconic symbols of Dali-the Three Pagodas and the blue sky and white clouds, the sun, the moon, the stars, the snow scene of Cangshan Mountain and the flowers at four o'clock, has amazed the world, added color to Dali and made it famous. It has attracted countless Chinese and foreign guests to visit and take photos here, and has been printed with many pictorial, book covers, stamps and postcards, which has won great fame for Dali for many years. It has won many reputations for Dali, even Yunnan and China ... Chongsheng Three Pagodas and Three Pagodas Reflection Park complement each other and complement each other, adding color to each other, which is an important cultural landscape and beautiful symbol that best represents the image of Dali.