What is the most famous place in Longyan?

The earth buildings in Yongding, Fujian are distributed in the south of Longyan area. Yongding earth building is a pearl of oriental civilization and a unique mythical mountain village residential building in the world. It is a wonderful work of ancient architecture in China. It has a long history, unique style, large scale and exquisite structure, and stands among the world's residential architecture arts.

Yongding tulou can be divided into square tulou and round tulou. There are 360 circular buildings and more than 4,000 square buildings in the county. Yuantulou (also known as Yuancun) is a model of Hakka dwellings. Circular buildings are mostly composed of two or three circles, nested from the inside out. The outer ring is more than ten meters high, generally three or four floors, with one or two hundred rooms. The first floor is the kitchen and dining room, the second floor is the warehouse, and the third and fourth floors are the bedrooms. There are thirty to fifty rooms on the second floor, usually guest rooms. In the middle is the ancestral hall, a public place where hundreds of people live for weddings, funerals and celebrations. There are also wells, bathrooms, mills and other facilities in the building. The earth building is rammed with local raw soil, without any reinforced concrete. The foundation of the wall is three meters wide and is feasible for cars. The bottom wall1.5m thick can be used by people lying on their side, and the top wall is not less than 0.9m thick. Along the circular wall, many rooms are separated by wooden boards, and there are corridors inside.

From the middle of Ming Dynasty, Yongding earth building was built bigger and bigger. In ancient times, even before the founding of the People's Republic of China, tulou has always been a solid fortress for Hakka self-defense. The doors of tulou are all made of miscellaneous wood with a thickness of 20 to 30 cm, with iron plates nailed on the outside, and some doors are equipped with fire-proof sinks. If the windows are not opened on the first and second floors of the circular earth building, even if the enemy is forced under the wall, there is no way. Some earth buildings are built with double layers of soil inside and outside, only 1 meter wide. There are corridors around the building and windows on the outer wall, which can not only provide ventilation and lighting, but also facilitate the attack and self-defense. Some earth buildings have watchtowers in front of the highest part of the building and watchtowers on the left and right sides. You can see the enemy outside the building at a glance.

Yongding earth building not only has the unique function of defending the enemy, but also has the characteristics of earthquake prevention, fire prevention, animal prevention and good ventilation and lighting. In order to prevent fire, many circular buildings are divided into one sixth, one eighth or one tenth, and a firewall is built in the middle to prevent the fire from spreading and burning down the whole building. Because each floor of the round building is at the equal point of the circumference, there is no dead angle, and ventilation and lighting are better than buildings. Because the earth building is thick, it is warm in winter and cool in summer.

Zhencheng Building, located in Hongkeng Village, Hukeng Township, was built in 19 12, covering an area of 5,000 square meters. Hanging from the top of the mountain, it has a girder structure, which is divided into two rings, and the outer ring has four floors, each with 48 rooms. It is designed according to the eight diagrams, with six hexagrams and one ladder as the unit. There is a firewall between hexagrams and hexagrams, and they are connected by arches. The ancestral hall of the Town Tower is a stage. There are four big stone pillars in front of the stage, which are nearly 2 meters in circumference and 7 meters in height. On both sides of the stage, 30 rooms form an inner ring, and the exquisite cast iron lattice railings in the corridor on the second floor are transported from Shanghai to the building for inlaying. There is an inscription on the lintel by President Li in the early years of the Republic of China. 1986 At the World Architecture Model Exhibition held in Los Angeles in April, Zhencheng Building was exhibited side by side with the Lama Temple and the Great Wall. Eye-catching and sensational. There are sanitary facilities, guest rooms and service departments in the sincere building, and there is a large parking lot outside the building.

Chengqi Building is located in Gaotou Village, Guzhu Township. It was built in the forty-eighth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1709). It has been included in the Dictionary of Places of Interest in China. The diameter of the city building is 73 meters, and the circumference of the corridor is 229.34 meters. The whole building is three circles and one center. The outer ring has four floors, with a height of 1 1.4m and 72 rooms on each floor. Second floor, 40 rooms on each floor; The third circle is a single floor with 32 rooms. The center is Zutang, with 400 rooms, 3 doors and 2 wells, covering an area of 5376.8+07 square meters. There are more than 60 families and 400 people living in the whole building. Because of its large scale and peculiar shape, the city building has models of Lilliput in Taiwan Province Province and splendid china in Shenzhen. 1986, China's Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications issued a series of stamps on China's residential buildings, among which Fujian's residential stamps were based on Chengqi Building, and were rated as the best stamps of the year in Japan. This cultural relic building is located in Shangyang Village, Gaobei Town. Built in the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (185 1), it is a square earth building. The width of the external wall is136m, the length from north to south is 76m, and the area is10336m2. The main building in the back seat is17m high and 5.5 stories high, which is the tallest building in Yongding. The left and right ends of the main building are vertically connected with a four-story building and closely connected with the four-story "middle hall building" parallel to the main building, forming a huge square building. There are two schools in front of the central hall, one on the left and the other on the right. Children in the building can study in the building. There is a stone screen in the middle of the school and a gatehouse in front. The gate is 6 meters high and 4 meters wide. Behind the main building, there is a garden, a fish pond, a barn, a cowshed and other ancillary buildings. The cultural relic building has 280 rooms, 5 1 hall. The whole building has a regular layout and is in good order.