Basic knowledge of beginners in photography

Basic knowledge of beginners in photography

1, EV, EV is the eye index of the camera. Exposure is combined by different shutters and apertures, and the exposure achieved by different combinations is the same.

2, exposure, exposure means "the brightness of the photo." We need to adjust the camera parameters to control the exposure of photos, mainly adjusting the shutter, light map, sensitivity and exposure compensation.

3. Door B, when we press the shutter button/release the cable, B will appear on the camera. At this time, the shutter will remain open and the camera will have B mode. A tripod is needed for shooting at Gate B. Generally, it is more used to shoot night scenes and starry sky at night.

4, color temperature, color temperature is usually expressed by K, color temperature is mainly used to adjust the color of photos. Generally, the color temperature of natural light will be around 4500 K. The higher the value, the colder the photo will be, and the lower the value, the warmer the photo will be.

5.AEL refers to the automatic exposure control lock, which relies on the automatic exposure lock function to point out the parts that need to be exposed correctly, such as the face, press the shutter for half a time to determine the exposure and focus, and then press the exposure lock key on the camera to lock the exposure.

6. Camera shooting mode: There are common scene modes such as Auto Auto, Program Exposure Mode (P), Aperture Priority Mode (Av or A), Shutter Priority Mode (Tv or S), B-door and Manual Exposure Mode (M) in the function dial of the camera. The common shooting modes of academic photography are usually manual mode/aperture priority/shutter priority.

7. Quan Huafu/half-frame: The size of the photosensitive element is mainly different: the size of the photosensitive element in Quan Huafu is 36*24mm, and that of the half-frame camera is 22.7 *15.5 mm. The body size is different: generally speaking, a full-frame camera is larger than a half-frame camera due to the different sizes of the photosensitive element.

8. photo format JPG/RAW. According to the purpose of taking photos and the requirements of post-processing, SLR provides two photo formats: RAW and JPEG. RAW format: It can well save shooting parameters, including exposure, color, shadow, highlight and other details. Although the beauty of the straight-out photos in RAW format is not obvious, there is a lot of room in the later stage; JPG format: commonly used file storage format, the file is small, but the compression rate is high, which is not suitable for post-photography.

9. Out of focus. The original focus when taking pictures changed the position of the original focus. If the picture is blurred, the unclear state is called out of focus.

10, chromatic aberration, the lens can't focus all colors on the same point. The areas where dark parts and bright parts will appear in the image in the form of color bars can be adjusted by PS or LR.

1 1. Shading cloth, a translucent cloth, is used to diffuse and soften light. It can be made of translucent gauze, reflector or film cloth, which can be made large and placed in a proper position to create shadows.

12, hyperfocal distance, used when shooting scenery, can shoot the focal length of the maximum depth of field.

13, the shutter is delayed. If a high-speed shutter is used, pressing the shutter will immediately record the shooting moment. If you shoot with a slow door (for example,115s), the shutter will be delayed, reflecting that it will take some time to record the picture.

14, fast lens, refers to large aperture lens, such as F 1.8 or F 1.2, etc.

15, lens dizzy. It happens when the light source directly illuminates the lens, for example, when it is backlit, a circular halo will appear in the picture, which will increase the atmosphere of the photo.

16, overexposed, with highlights below the chart on the right side of the histogram and no details in the white area.

Lens classification

1, macro lens, macro lens is more suitable for shooting flowers/animals/products. Macro lens can shoot objects at close range, and 1 ratio 1 can be reproduced.

2, standard lens, the general standard lens refers to the lens with a focal length of 50mm, close to the distance seen by the human eye, and the lens distortion is relatively small. The 35mm focal length lens is also close to the effect seen by human eyes on a half-frame camera.

3, fixed focus lens, can not change the focal length, constant only one focal length. For example, 50mmf 1.8 is a fixed-focus lens with 50 focal lengths.

4, zoom lens, the lens can rotate to change the focal length, such as 24- 105mm or 18200mm, etc. There are two numbers that are zoom lenses.

5, wide-angle lens, wide field of vision, and may also have edge distortion (super wide angle). If it becomes wide enough, the image will become a round fisheye.

6, telephoto lens, concert/idol lens, such as 55-250mm or 70-200 mm ... The focal length is longer than the standard lens, which can enlarge the distant scenery and make the picture close at hand.

Technical terms of lens

1, big ternary, 2.8 constant aperture three zoom lenses. 16-35mm/24-70mm/70-200mm lens.

2, small ternary, three constant lights because of F4 zoom lens.

3. Nikon ternary (16-35mm/24-120mm/70-200mm).

4. Canon ternary (17-40mm/24-105mm/70-200mm).

5. Sony E-port small ternary (16-35mm/24-70mm/70200mm).

6, small spittoon, Canon EF50mmF/ 1.8 lens.

7, dog head, generally refers to the entry-level supporting lens, which is the camera lens.

8. Zeiss lens. At present, there are three series of Zeiss SLR lenses: Classic, Milvus and Otus, but they are all expensive.

9. Cookie head refers to SLR lens, which is very thin and similar to cookie head. The maximum aperture is generally only F2.4-2.8.

10, ambient light. Refers to the light source that appears in the scene without adding any flash or light adjuster. The light source can be sunlight/light or artificial light.

1 1. Main light refers to the main light source of photos, which may be the main light of sunlight/photo studio. Under the street lamp/reflector can be used as the main light source.

12, supplementary light, is the light source second only to the main light. Mainly used to fill shadows. This can be achieved by using a flash lamp, a reflector, etc.

13, strong light, such as noon 12 light. Generally, photos taken under strong light will have heavy shadows on their faces, which are not obvious enough to be taken.

14, soft light, scattered light, such as cloudy days or places with shadows belong to soft light, which can produce soft shadows without shadows on the face.

15, lighting mode, which is the way the light directly shines on the face of the subject. This way, the face will have a specific light and shadow pattern.

16, the reflector is used to reflect light and can fill the shooting theme. Generally, cameras will have their own flash.

17, flash, general cameras will bring their own flash.

18, illumination ratio, the ratio of the intensity (brightness) of the main light and the auxiliary light is the difference between the bright shadow and the shadow edge of the subject's face.