What are the aesthetic characteristics of art?

The aesthetic characteristics of art mainly include modeling, permanence and expressiveness, which are studied and discussed in this paper respectively.

First, modeling.

The first aesthetic feature of art is modeling.

The so-called "modeling" comes from the process of making molds in casting, and usually refers to making sand molds (also known as "turning sand", that is, casting methods using molding sand, including molding, molding, pouring, sand dropping, cleaning and other processes). Later, it generally refers to the intuitive and figurative characteristics of the created images.

The aesthetic characteristics of art are very distinct. For example, painting, calligraphy, photography, seal cutting and other art forms create artistic images in two-dimensional space (plane). Sculpture, architecture, gardens and other art forms create artistic images in three-dimensional space. All these artistic images have intuitive, visible and tangible modeling characteristics. For example, Leonardo da Vinci's portrait Mona Lisa, Qi Baishi's Chinese painting Shrimp, Rodin's sculpture Balzac, China's sculpture Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Dynasty, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy Preface to Lanting, Wu Yinxian's photography Dr. Bethune, Italy's Joe Lottie's photography Zhou Enlai and Canadian Kathy's photography Churchill during World War II.

It can be said that artistic modeling is synchronized with its intuition and vision.

Second, persistence.

The second aesthetic feature of art is eternity.

All works of art are permanent, and this permanence is reflected by the materials and artistic language of the works of art, that is to say, they are fixed by material materials for people to appreciate many times, and even can be circulated for thousands of years, becoming precious historical relics and precious collections. For example, the French Paleolithic cave paintings, the painted walls of the "Goddess Temple" in Hongshan Culture, China, the murals of the Thousand-Buddha Cave in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, China's famous painting "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", the famous calligraphy "Preface to Lanting Collection" and the famous sculpture "Treading the Xiongnu" and so on.

Of course, this permanence and instantaneity are dialectical unity. Because "everything in the objective world is in time and space, and there is nothing absolutely static." [1] Therefore, in order to reflect the objective real life, works of art must find an appropriate way, that is, at the intersection of dynamic and static, to grasp some instantaneous images of the development and change of objective things and fix them with material materials and artistic language. In a sense, it is a very important task for artists to choose the most wonderful instantaneous image in the development and change of objective things. Lessing pointed out: "In the whole process of a passion, nothing can show this benefit more than its apex." When you reach the apex, you reach the end, your eyes can't see further, and your imagination is bound. [2] The moment before this "peak" is a wonderful moment. For example, Lie Bin, a great Russian painter in the19th century, painted an oil painting "Unexpectedly Arrived", depicting the moment when an escaped revolutionary returned home: the revolutionary just stepped into the house, the mother stood up in shock and stared at her son, the wife sat in front of the piano, unable to believe her eyes, the son stood up and jumped on his father, and the new maid looked at the uninvited guest with a bored face. Painting is just a wonderful moment, which reflects the infinite interest in "instant".

The close combination of permanence and instantaneity is essentially the combination of static and dynamic, which shows dynamic in static, contains dynamic in static, and dynamic and static are wonderful.