What are the most beautiful bridges in the world? Some introductions are urgently needed. Thank you very much

International most beautiful bridge selection

At the turn of the century, 1999, British Bridge Design and Engineering (Bridge Design and

Engineering) magazine to the world's 30 famous bridge engineers, architects and scholars, including Lin Tongyan and Deng Wenzhong in the United States, German schleich (J.Schlaich), French Villoguex (S.Virlogeux), Swiss Mann (C.Menn) and British Firth (Ian P.T. Firth) and Hyde (Peter), although built in the 20th century.

Sarkina Valley Bridge designed by Swiss engineer R. marat in 1930. This is a sickle-shaped deck arch bridge across the valley. The architect said, "Walking on the bridge is a real spiritual enjoyment. You are so close to the mountains, white clouds and blue sky that it constitutes a wonderful landscape painting in the Alps. " "All parts of the bridge are just right and impeccable ... this is a combination of real art and bridge."

The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, USA, designed by Swiss engineer O. O.Ammann) 1937, ranked second. The evaluation of it is: "it is a pearl of bridge engineering, with beautiful shape and harmonious proportion, which designers in this century can't surpass."

The Brudona Bridge designed by French engineer J Muller in 1974 ranked third. Although there are so many beautiful cable-stayed bridges in the world, this single cable plane concrete cable-stayed bridge with a span of only 320 meters has been unanimously appreciated for its simple, bright and harmonious shape and rigid-flexible combination style.

The following contents are arranged in order:

Schleich (1993) designed the Kirchham overpass bridge. The streamlined shape of the bridge body is similar to the bending moment diagram, giving people a sense of strength.

Ollie Bridge in France, designed by S.Freyssinet (1958), has a strong feeling with its exquisite and beautiful curves.

The Bos poros Strait Bridge designed by F.Fox (1973), the Asia-Europe Bridge designed by the British, is an unforgettable building.

The Swiss Saint Nieberg Bridge designed by Mann (1997) is a beautiful rainbow and a masterpiece of bridge architecture.

The Normandy Bridge in France, designed by Virlogeux (1994), is a cable-stayed bridge in perfect harmony with the local landscape.

Luo Qiao in Toto, Japan, designed by Bensi Bridge Corps (1998), is the longest span cable-stayed bridge in the 20th century, with mysterious oriental beauty.

German Seflin Bridge, designed by G.Lohmer (1959), is the earliest single-tower cable-stayed bridge with simple and beautiful shape, far from Cologne Cathedral.

Also worth mentioning are the following five bridges:

Ting Jiu Bridge, schleich Design (1998), masterpiece of mixed structure, unity of art and technology.

The Gantel Bridge in Switzerland designed by Mann (1980) is a real work of art and an innovative system.

The Harbour Bridge in Sydney, Australia, designed by Fox (1932), is an arch bridge that can conquer vision and bring beauty to people from any angle.

Feynman Strait Bridge (1963) in Germany, with its graceful basket-carrying arch and crossed diagonal suspenders, gives people a sense of spatial stability.

Danish Kelp Bridge, designed by COWI Company (1997), is not the largest suspension bridge in the 20th century, but its unique tower and anchorage design are impressive.

Among the above 15 beautiful bridges, there are three suspension bridges: Jinmen Bridge, Bos poros Bridge and Kelp Bridge; Five cable-stayed bridges: Brudona Bridge, Normandy Bridge, Duoduo Luo Qiao Bridge, Seflin Bridge and Tingjiu Bridge; Three arch bridges: Sarkina Valley Bridge, Sydney Bridge and Feynman Strait Bridge; Four-beam Bridge (Slab Bridge): Kirchham Bridge, Olin Bridge, St. Nieberg Bridge and Gantel Bridge.

From the above-mentioned bridge designers and their nationalities, we can see the contribution of the designer's country to bridge aesthetics and the designer's own artistic accomplishment.

Hong Kong Stonecutters Bridge Design Competition

1999, the Hong Kong government held the Stonecutters Bridge Design Competition, with a main span of 1000 meters. I was invited to participate in this activity as a judge. A total of 16 internationally renowned groups (each group has several companies) participated in the competition and submitted 27 bridge schemes. The technical review committee and the aesthetic review committee scored separately, and five schemes entered the second round of competition. Through more detailed appraisal, the top three winners were finally decided.

The former 12 schemes adopted by the technical review committee are: (1)a-tower cable-stayed bridge, (2) Inverted tower cable-stayed bridge, (3) A-tower cable-stayed bridge with spiral tower top, (5) circular single-column separated double-box cable-stayed bridge, (6) single-tower cable-stayed bridge and (7) herringbone tower cable-stayed bridge. (10) vase tower cable-stayed bridge, (1 1) double-column cable-stayed bridge without wind bracing, (12) cable-stayed cooperative system.

Some technically infeasible schemes, such as sail type, crane type and strange tower type, bent angle type and leaning tower with unfavorable stress, and the system only suitable for small-span pedestrian bridges, have been cancelled.

The 12 scheme was submitted to the Aesthetic Evaluation Committee for discussion, and the five short-listed schemes were all cable-stayed bridges. (3), (4), (5), (9) and (1 1) above respectively.

The Technical Appraisal Committee was surprised to find that the two most mature and reliable towers A and Inverted Tower ranked first and second were rejected. It is said that the architects of the Aesthetic Appraisal Committee don't like the similar shape of the completed bridge. (9) and (1 1) were shortlisted because they are considered to be aesthetically creative, although they have structural shortcomings that need to be improved.

After the second round of evaluation, three winning schemes were selected from the five finalists. The results of the technical review committee are (3), (5) and (1 1) in turn (see Annex 3).

The Technical Evaluation Committee agreed that the A-tower is still the most reasonable and stable scheme for cable-stayed bridges over 1,000 meters. But the final comprehensive results are: (5), (3), (1 1).

The scheme of separating single column from streamlined double box has won high praise from the aesthetic evaluation Committee for its novel structural modeling. Although it is not the most perfect from a technical point of view, the cost may be the most expensive.

From the above evaluation process of Stonecutters Bridge Design Competition, it can be seen that the aesthetic value of the bridge has become an important factor in the international bridge competition, sometimes even exceeding the technical indicators. Because the construction of bridges is not only to solve traffic problems, but also to meet people's requirements for environment and artistic enjoyment.