What are the bold and innovative attempts of Manrui photographers?

In the history of photography, photographer Manran (1890 ~ 1976) is famous for his bold exploration and innovation. He believes that photography is too realistic, which will form a constraint, thus limiting the development of photographer's personality.

Man Rui pioneered the "direct exposure method" (daily light painting) and "midway exposure method" The appearance of these two photography techniques has greatly expanded the field of photography art.

"Direct exposure of objects" refers to putting some small transparent and translucent objects directly on photosensitive paper, exposing them with a magnifying glass or other light sources, and then developing and fixing them to obtain photos. In this way, photos with abstract graphics can be obtained from concrete objects without any negatives. In this regard, Manrui is quite proud. When naming this technique, he incorporated his name into it and called it "Rui Yue Guang Hua". Riyo's light painting broke through objective realism and opened an abstract world for free fantasy's photography creation.

The discovery of "direct exposure in kind" originated from a mistake in a darkroom. 1922 One day, Manrui accidentally dropped an unexposed enlarged paper into the developing tray. He took out the enlarged paper and put it on the table beside him. Then he put some odds and ends on it. Turning on the white light, Man Rui suddenly found that some graphics gradually appeared on this enlarged paper, and the first daily light painting was born.

The "half-way exposure method" was also discovered in a mistake. One day, Manley was developing the film under the red light in the darkroom. His female assistant exclaimed when she saw a mouse. Manley quickly turned on the white light. Under the irradiation of white light, a film that has just been soaked in developer has a transparent contour line at the junction of thickness due to local inversion. After this contour line is developed into a photo, it becomes an undulating black line, which has a similar sketch effect. So, Manrui began conscious experiments, and finally turned this accidental mistake into a special darkroom technology.