What is chewing gum made of?

Among the components of chewing gum, ester gum accounts for about 25%, and sugar and other parts account for about 75%.

Raw material formula 1. Ester gum matrix (1) sugar gum. The ester gum matrix of chewing gum is made by using the characteristics of gum, which is taken from the sap of Korean pine family.

Most chewing gum in the world is produced in Mexico and Honduras. The main components of gum resin are gutta percha (polyisoprene) and resin (composed of triterpenes and sterols).

The soft chewing feeling of chewing gum can be obtained through the proper proportion of the elasticity of Eucommia ulmoides gum and the plasticity of resin. Sugar gum is the best gum base for chewing gum, but the output of this gum is very small and the price is high.

(2) treating the chewing gum substrate. Sugar gum processing refers to adding sugar gum to other natural gums or adding vinyl acetate resin, plasticizer, calcium carbonate and other substrates mixed with other ingredients.

As a natural substitute for sugar gum, Jielutong gum produced in Java, Sumatra and Borneo is the most famous. As for other gums, the output is small and the industrial value is small.

The standard composition of resin matrix processed with tianre resin as the main component is: 4-9% of gutta percha, 0-96% of ester gum and 0-2% of ash; The standard of softening point is 74~87℃, and fillers such as calcium carbonate are added to the secondary products. (3) polyvinyl acetate.

In Japan, post-war polyvinyl acetate was used as chewing gum matrix and regarded as a representative raw material. It is best to use polyvinyl acetate with a polymerization degree of 200~700, and it is best to use polyvinyl acetate with a relatively low polymerization degree and branched molecular structure.

Only in this way can the finished product taste soft and the chewing gum be good. The polymerization degree of bubble gum should be 500~600, and the polymerization degree of plate chewing gum should be 200~400.

In short, the higher the degree of polymerization, the more elastic it is, but plasticizer should be added. However, if the degree of polymerization is 200, no plasticizer may be added.

Chewing gum is a hydrophobic substance. On the contrary, vinyl acetate is a hydrophilic substance.

Although vinyl acetate is not as good as gum sugar in fragrance retention, graft polymerization can also be carried out in order to make vinyl acetate close to the function of gum sugar. This polymer is the main component of synthetic gum matrix and can be used to make chewing gum.

(4) polyisobutylene. Polyisobutylene is a representative substance of nonpolar polymers. When it is used as a chewing gum base, it can be used as a supplement of vinyl acetate due to its elasticity.

(5) vinegar glue. Vinegar gum is an acetylated product made by the reaction of turpentine and glycerol.

It can be used as a skin membrane to strengthen bubble gum. (6) plasticizer.

There are three kinds of plasticizers: ① microcrystalline paraffin. Microcrystalline paraffin is a kind of wax refined from petroleum, and then its microcrystalline part is extracted from this wax.

Microcrystalline paraffin can give chewing gum softness and lubricity, and can also be used to prevent the finished product from becoming brittle in winter. 2 wax.

In addition to the above plasticizers, candle wax, beeswax, carnauba wax and paraffin wax can also be used to enhance the plasticity of chewing gum. As for the use of vegetable oil, lecithin, monoglyceride and spices, it can also play a role in softening chewing gum.

③ Synthetic plasticizer. Dibutyl phthalate is allowed in Japan. (d, b, p), butyl phthaloyl butyl glycol poly (b, p, b, g), methyl acetofumarate (m, c, r), polybutene and other additives.

(7) fillers. Fine calcium carbonate or talcum powder as filler can properly inhibit the elasticity of chewing gum and prevent the adhesion of chewing gum itself.

2. Other raw materials (1) sugar and other sugars. Sugar is also one of the important raw materials of chewing gum, and it is best to use fine powder sugar of more than 250 meshes.

As for using glucose and starch sugar, the same is true. The smaller the particle size, the better the lubricity of the finished product.

(2) spices. The quality of spices in chewing gum is also one of the most important reasons to determine the value of chewing gum products, and its use is more than that in cakes.

About 1% is used to make flat chewing gum and about 0.6-0.8% is used to make bubble gum. In the past, oily perfume was used to maintain affinity with gum matrix.

But it can't adjust the taste of chewing gum. The purpose of perfuming chewing gum is to keep its perfuming time and also to show its flavor.

Therefore, powder spices are often used at the same time. Powdered spices take effect quickly.

Good dispersibility to saliva, no local concentration change, and good taste. Commonly used spices are peppermint oil, peppermint oil and fruit.

In addition, coffee, mint, wine or prunes will be used. (3) Surfactant, antioxidant, artificial sweetener, edible pigment and wetting agent.

Wetting agents include sorbitol and glycerol. Xylitol is a sweetener. Xylitol is a sweet substance with nutritional value and a normal intermediate of carbohydrate metabolism in human body.

Even if a healthy person does not eat any food containing xylitol, his blood contains 0.03-0.06 mg/100 mg of xylitol. In nature, xylitol exists widely in all kinds of fruits and vegetables, but its content is very low.

Commercial xylitol is made from corn cob, bagasse and other crops through deep processing. It is a natural and healthy sweetener. Xylitol is white crystal, and its appearance is similar to sucrose. It is the sweetest sweetener among polyols, with cool taste, sweetness equivalent to sucrose and calorie equivalent to glucose.

It is a future sweetener and a substitute for sucrose and glucose. Xylitol is a white crystal, which looks and tastes like sucrose.

From the food level, xylitol can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Carbohydrates in a broad sense and polyols in a narrow sense.

Because xylitol can only be slowly absorbed or partially utilized. Low calorie is one of its major characteristics: 2.4 calories per gram, 40% less than other carbohydrates.

Xylitol has been used in food since 1960s. In some countries, it is a very popular sweetener for diabetics.

In the United States, it can be used as a food licking additive for some special purposes and added to food without dosage limit. Xylitol is the best sweetener to prevent dental caries and has been certified for 25 years in different situations.

Xylitol can reduce dental caries, which is suitable for people with high risk rate (high incidence of dental caries, low nutrition level and low oral hygiene level) and people with low risk rate (using all the current tooth protection measures to protect teeth and low incidence of dental cavities). Chewing gum and candy with xylitol as the main sweetener have been officially approved by six national oral health associations.

What is chewing gum made of?

1) sugar gum.

The ester gum matrix of chewing gum is made by using the characteristics of gum, which is taken from the sap of Korean pine family. Most chewing gum in the world is produced in Mexico and Honduras.

The main components of gum resin are gutta percha (polyisoprene) and resin (composed of triterpenes and sterols). The soft chewing feeling of chewing gum can be obtained through the proper proportion of the elasticity of Eucommia ulmoides gum and the plasticity of resin.

Sugar gum is the best gum base for chewing gum, but the output of this gum is very small and the price is high. (2) treating the chewing gum substrate.

Sugar gum processing refers to adding sugar gum to other natural gums or adding vinyl acetate resin, plasticizer, calcium carbonate and other substrates mixed with other ingredients. As a natural substitute for sugar gum, Jielutong gum produced in Java, Sumatra and Borneo is the most famous.

As for other gums, the output is small and the industrial value is small. The standard composition of resin matrix processed with tianre resin as the main component is: 4-9% of gutta percha, 0-96% of ester gum and 0-2% of ash; The standard of softening point is 74~87℃, and fillers such as calcium carbonate are added to the secondary products.

(3) polyvinyl acetate. In Japan, post-war polyvinyl acetate was used as chewing gum matrix and regarded as a representative raw material.

It is best to use polyvinyl acetate with a polymerization degree of 200~700, and it is best to use polyvinyl acetate with a relatively low polymerization degree and branched molecular structure. Only in this way can the finished product taste soft and the chewing gum be good.

The polymerization degree of bubble gum should be 500~600, and the polymerization degree of plate chewing gum should be 200~400. In short, the higher the degree of polymerization, the more elastic it is, but plasticizer should be added.

However, if the degree of polymerization is 200, no plasticizer may be added. Chewing gum is a hydrophobic substance.

On the contrary, vinyl acetate is a hydrophilic substance. Although vinyl acetate is not as good as gum sugar in fragrance retention, graft polymerization can also be carried out in order to make vinyl acetate close to the function of gum sugar.

This polymer is the main component of synthetic gum matrix and can be used to make chewing gum. (4) polyisobutylene.

Polyisobutylene is a representative substance of nonpolar polymers. When it is used as a chewing gum base, it can be used as a supplement of vinyl acetate due to its elasticity. (5) vinegar glue.

Vinegar gum is an acetylated product made by the reaction of turpentine and glycerol. It can be used as a skin membrane to strengthen bubble gum.

(6) plasticizer. There are three kinds of plasticizers: ① microcrystalline paraffin.

Microcrystalline paraffin is a kind of wax refined from petroleum, and then its microcrystalline part is extracted from this wax. Microcrystalline paraffin can give chewing gum softness and lubricity, and can also be used to prevent the finished product from becoming brittle in winter.

2 wax. In addition to the above plasticizers, candle wax, beeswax, carnauba wax and paraffin wax can also be used to enhance the plasticity of chewing gum.

As for the use of vegetable oil, lecithin, monoglyceride and spices, it can also play a role in softening chewing gum. ③ Synthetic plasticizer. Dibutyl phthalate is allowed in Japan.

(d, b, p), butyl phthaloyl butyl glycol poly (b, p, b, g), methyl acetofumarate (m, c, r), polybutene and other additives. (7) fillers.

Fine calcium carbonate or talcum powder as filler can properly inhibit the elasticity of chewing gum and prevent the adhesion of chewing gum itself. 2. Other raw materials (1) sugar and other sugars.

Sugar is also one of the important raw materials of chewing gum, and it is best to use fine powder sugar of more than 250 meshes. As for using glucose and starch sugar, the same is true.

The smaller the particle size, the better the lubricity of the finished product. (2) spices.

The quality of spices in chewing gum is also one of the most important reasons to determine the value of chewing gum products, and its use is more than that in cakes. About 1% is used to make flat chewing gum and about 0.6-0.8% is used to make bubble gum.

In the past, oily perfume was used to maintain affinity with gum matrix. But it can't adjust the taste of chewing gum.

The purpose of perfuming chewing gum is to keep its perfuming time and also to show its flavor. Therefore, powder spices are often used at the same time.

Powdered spices take effect quickly. Good dispersibility to saliva, no local concentration change, and good taste.

Commonly used spices are peppermint oil, peppermint oil and fruit. In addition, coffee, mint, wine or prunes will be used.

(3) Surfactant, antioxidant, artificial sweetener, edible pigment and wetting agent. Wetting agents include sorbitol and glycerol.

In addition, vitamins also have medicinal effects.

What is chewing gum made of?

Chewing gum is one of the oldest sweets in the world.

Archaeologists have found that long before the historical records, human ancestors loved to chew natural resin for fun, which is the most primitive "chewing gum". For thousands of years, people from different regions and cultures have the habit of chewing gum.

For example, the ancient Greeks cleaned their teeth with resin to keep their mouths fresh, the Indians loved to chew the sap of tree trunks, and the Mayans in Central America loved to chew gum. There is a deep affection between the United States and chewing gum, not only because chewing gum is one of the important export products of the United States, but also the pride in the history of American invention.

The chewing gum we ate today can be traced back to 1848. At that time, John Curtis of the United States made the first piece of chewing gum for sale and processing.

1869, photographer thomas adams made the first chewing gum product made of chewing gum. The following year, he introduced a kind of chewing gum "Black Jack" flavored with licorice essence, and changed the chewing gum from block to strip, which was very popular and can still be found in the market.

1906 invented chewing gum, but the first kind of chewing gum was too sticky to sell. Until 1928, the technology of making chewing gum was finally perfected and successfully entered the market. The first batch of chewing gum was pink and named "dubble bubble".

Sugar-free chewing gum came out in the 1950s. Today, the main materials for making chewing gum are sugar, syrup, seasoning, softener and gum base.

In Mexico, there has been a habit of chewing wild pear juice since ancient times; 1860, Adams of the United States solidified this sap and sold it, named it [Jikuru] (meaning chewing); Then, after the odor of Jikuru was eliminated, he renamed it Adams Gum and sold it in large quantities. 1880, Regal of the United States added sugar and mint to chewing gum to make sweet and fragrant chewing gum.

What is chewing gum made of?

Chewing gum is based on natural gum or glycerin resin, and is made by adding syrup, mint and sweetener.

Chewing gum is one of the oldest sweets in the world. Archaeologists have found that long before the historical records, human ancestors loved to chew natural resin for fun, which is the most primitive "chewing gum".

For thousands of years, people from different regions and cultures have the habit of chewing gum. For example, the ancient Greeks cleaned their teeth with resin to keep their mouths fresh, the Indians loved to chew the sap of tree trunks, and the Mayans in Central America loved to chew gum.

The classification of chewing gum can be divided into three types: flat chewing gum, bubble gum and sugar-coated chewing gum. Flat chewing gum is the main product in chewing gum, with the largest sales volume.

Bubble gum is characterized by blowing sugar into skin bubbles through oral exhalation, and gum fat is often used to strengthen skin strength. Sugar-coated chewing gum is coated on the surface of chewing gum through a rotating kettle.

It is especially recommended to add saccharin, pigments, spices and antioxidants to chewing gum. Under the action of bacteria, it can not only form highly viscous water-insoluble polysaccharide, but also form dental plaque and ferment to produce acid, so that the minerals on the tooth surface can be dissolved and lead to dental caries. Chewing gum also contains plasticizer, which is slightly toxic. In the process of blowing bubbles, you constantly spit out your tongue, stick out your tongue, and habitually chew with one side of your teeth, which will lead to uneven maxillofacial development and dentofacial deformity.

It is easy for children to swallow chewing gum into esophagus or bronchus by mistake, which will be life-threatening. Although swallowing is not recommended, xylitol chewing gum can be swallowed completely.

Don't worry too much. Most of the gum contained in chewing gum has not been digested, and most of it can be excreted with stool.

In addition, you can eat some coarse fiber food, which will cause intestinal peristalsis. The doctor pointed out that the inner wall of human stomach is smooth and secretes a lot of mucus. Gum can't stick. If it can't be digested after swallowing, it won't be discharged automatically without surgery.

But in order to avoid accidents, it is best not to give children chewing gum, because it is not only useless, but also troublesome if swallowed by mistake. In addition, if children chew gum all the time, they will swallow too much air because of chewing gum.