Do you know what kinds of lighting and composition there are? & gt& gt& gt

Illumination: 8 directions: front illumination (front illumination), front photometry (left and right), side illumination (left and right), side backlight (left and right), back illumination (back illumination) Composition: (1) Jiugongge composition is also called tic-tac-toe composition. As mentioned above, they actually belong to a form of the golden section. It is to divide the picture into nine blocks on average, and arrange the themes at any point in the four corners of the central block. In fact, these points are in line with the "golden section law" and are the best locations. Of course, balance, contrast and other factors should also be considered. This composition can present changes and movements, and the picture is full of vitality. These four points also have different visual senses. The top two points are more energetic than the bottom, and the left side is stronger than the right side. Pay attention to the problem of visual balance. (2) Cross-shaped composition Cross-shaped composition is to divide the picture into four parts, that is, draw two straight lines horizontally and vertically through the center of the picture, and the intersection of the centers is based on the theme. This kind of composition increases the sense of security, peace, solemnity and mystery of the picture, but also has some unfavorable factors such as rigidity. But it is suitable for symmetrical composition, such as the theme of ancient buildings, which can produce a central perspective effect. Such as the embodiment of mystery, mainly in cross, church and other photography. So different themes choose different expressions. (3) Triangular composition Triangular composition means that the subject represented in the picture is placed in a triangle or the image itself forms a triangle. This composition is a visual perception method. If there is a triangle formed by a shape or a shadow, if it is a naturally formed linear structure, then the main body can be arranged in the center of the hypotenuse of the triangle in order to make a breakthrough. But the effect is the best only when panoramic view is used. Triangular composition produces a sense of stability, while inversion is unstable. Can be used for close-up people, close-up and other different scenes of photography. (4) Three-dimensional composition Three-dimensional composition refers to dividing the picture into three parts, and each sub-center can be put together with the main form. This composition is suitable for multi-modality parallel focus subjects. It can also represent large space, small objects, and vice versa. This composition is vivid and concise. It can be used in different scenes such as close range. (5)A-shaped composition A-shaped composition refers to arranging the structure of the picture in an A-shaped form in the picture. A-type composition has a strong sense of stability, upward impact and strong visual orientation. It can show this form of tall natural objects and their own existence. If the performance object is placed at the junction of the top of the A word, it is mandatory visual guidance at this time. It is not enough to pay attention to this point. The change of different tilt angles in A-shaped composition can produce different dynamic effects of the picture, with novel form and clear main direction. But it is also a difficult method to master and needs experience accumulation. (6)S-shaped composition S-shaped composition gives full play to the aesthetic feeling of the picture, which is first reflected in the aesthetic feeling of the curve. S-shaped composition has strong dynamic effect, which is both dynamic and stable. All kinds of pictures can be selected according to the subject matter. The best effect is to express the natural ups and downs of themes, such as mountains, rivers and regions. It can also show many curves of human body, animals, objects and various natural and artificial forms. Generally speaking, the S-shaped composition extends from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the picture. (7)V-shaped composition V-shaped composition is the most varied composition method. Its main change is the arrangement in the direction, both upside down and horizontal, but in any case, the intersection point must be centripetal. V-shaped dual-purpose can fundamentally change the nature of single use. When used alone, the picture is unstable, and when used twice, it has both centripetal force and stability. Positive V-shaped composition is generally used in the foreground, as the frame structure of the foreground, highlighting the main body. (8)C-shaped composition C-shaped composition has the characteristics of curvaceous beauty, can produce changeable visual focus, and the picture is concise and clear. However, when arranging the subject and object, it must be arranged at the C-shaped gap, so that human vision can move to the subject and object with the arc. C-shaped composition can be adjusted in any direction. Generally speaking, it is mostly used for industrial and architectural themes. (9)O-shaped composition O-shaped composition is also a circular composition, which is the visual center formed by arranging the subjects on the center of the circle. A circular composition can be composed of an outer circle and an inner circle. The outer circle is a natural solid structure, the inner circle is a hollow structure such as pipes and steel pipes, and the outer circle is a composition of the shape of solid circular objects (usually large and grouped), which mainly shows the changing effect of the main bodies arranged in the circle. The visual perspective produced by the composition of the inner ring is shocking. The viewpoint arrangement can be a composition structure formed in the center of the picture, or it can deviate from the direction in the center, such as the upper left corner, to produce a sense of movement. The sense of movement generated below is small but the sense of stability is enhanced. If the combination of overlapping inner rings is adopted, the light and shadow perspective effect of multi-circle chain can be produced, which is exciting. If combined with regular curves, the effect will be stronger, such as the double track in the gun bore, which is both beautiful and visually oriented. (10) w-shaped composition w-shaped composition has excellent stability and is very suitable for close-up shooting of people. It can play a good role in dealing with the background and prospect. Using this composition, we should seek small changes and visual perception. (1 1) Mouth composition Mouth composition, also known as frame composition, is generally used for foreground composition, such as using doors, windows, holes and other frames as the foreground to express the subject and clarify the environment. This composition is in line with people's visual experience, which makes people feel that they are watching images through doors and windows. The sense of space and perspective that produces reality is very strong.

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