Three cases of core technology of still life photography

Lead: Still life photography is a common photographic subject. Let's take a look at the skills of still life photography!

standard

Lighting This is at least a description of the lighting needed to complete the operation. Recommended light sources (floodlights, spotlights, fill lights, etc.). ) are listed according to their goals and effects (such as generation level). If you use studio flash, use open flash instead of spotlight, and use distributed flash (soft box, umbrella) instead of floodlight.

Props These are some other recommended items, which are used within the scope of the picture to enhance the composition and scenery effect of the photo. The use of props is based on personal expectations of the image.

Background In the first two assignments, the background color is closely related to the presentation standard. It is difficult to produce the foreground shadow of a cube on a black background. However, it is still difficult to control the strong background light on the white background in the shooting operation at this stage. Use your imagination to choose the background in other assignments.

Exposure In order to understand photometry technology, we should follow the methods pointed out in the briefing. In the previous work, the light ratio between lamps was also required (the ratio of main light to supplementary light was 2: 1). The light ratio is measured by your exposure meter.

Technology refers to the use of all elements controlled by the photographer to meet the requirements specified in the operation. Including the use of camera, lighting, exposure and composition, to create a photo that fully meets the requirements of the briefing and meets the photographer's expectations.

Optical bitmap

A light bitmap is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of lights, cameras and subjects. But there is no specific numerical value in it, because it will change according to the output of the light used and the size of the main body. However, it is important to reproduce the direction and quality of light. So light bitmap is the beginning of experiment and knowledge increase. The light bitmap should be an important part of your notes.

Job 1 cube

standard

The direct illumination of spotlights and floodlights, together with the reflector, makes the three sides of the cube have different colors.

Props are optional.

The background is white.

Exposure incident light measurement reading. The light ratio of spotlight and floodlight is 2: 1, and the light ratio of floodlight and reflector is 2: 1.

Technology to take pictures of monochrome cubes, cubes should have foreground shadows, and the tone ranges of the three faces are different.

Put a monochrome cube on a white background. Mount the camera on a tripod and place it for 30? Above the front of the main body. . Put a hood on the lens. Focus on the 1/3 line at the top of the cube with the standard lens with the largest aperture. Point the spotlight at the center of the top surface of the cube from the back of the main body. After the lights are aligned, turn on the spotlight and move the lights so that the shadow is directly projected in front of the object. Make sure that only the top of the cube is illuminated by the spotlight. Check the lens glare (direct light enters the lens). Measure the incident reading of the light source from the main direction. Set the ISO sensitivity and record the aperture.

Turn off the spotlight. From the camera, place a floodlight on the left side of the cube, the distance from the cube is the same as the distance from the spotlight. Turn on the light and make sure that the floodlight only illuminates the left side of the cube camera. Measure the incident reading from the main direction. Record the aperture and adjust it by moving the distance of the floodlight until it is one step less than the spotlight. So the light ratio of spotlight and floodlight is 2: 1.

Turn on two lights. Put a reflector (white card) on the right side of the cube as seen from the camera, and the distance from the main body is about half that of the floodlight. Cover the bulb with your hand and measure the incident reading reflected by the white card from the main direction. Move the white card back and forth toward the main body until the photometric reading is one step smaller than that of the floodlight. So the light ratio of the left and right sides of the cube is 2: 1. After checking the light ratio, directly measure the incident reading from the front of the cube to the camera. So as to obtain the average value of all readings. Is that correct? Exposure. Check the focus and select an F block (using the preview function) to make the front and back of the cube clearly focused (depth of field). Check the lens glare last before exposure.

Optical bitmap

Homework 3 texture?

standard

A direct spotlight illuminates the subject at a low angle. Scatter background light.

There are few props.

The background highlights the main body or inconspicuous color or tone.

Exposure event measurement reading. The light ratio is independently selected.

This technology uses illumination contrast to emphasize the texture of the object and obtain the details of the shadow area.

Support corrugated cardboard to form a double layer in front of a black background? s？ Form. Hit the right back of the cardboard with a spotlight, so that the center of the light faces it? s？ The center of the shape produces a strong shadow projected from top to bottom in the image. Install an amber heat-resistant filter in front of the lamp. Put some suitable auxiliary materials to form a satisfactory composition. Measure the reading of incident light on corrugated board. Record the exposure.

Hit a diffuser lamp at the upper left of the main body from the camera position. Point the lamp at the corrugated board to fill the shadow produced by the spotlight. Change the amount of astigmatism and the distance between the lamp and the main body to achieve the ideal effect. Turn off the backlight (spotlight) and measure the incident index of scattered light on the main body. Adjust the scattered light to achieve the effect of one step lower than the exposure measured by backlight. The light ratio of backlight and headlight obtained in this way is 2: 1.

Turn off the headlights and backlight. Illuminate the background with another spotlight from the left side of the picture. Adjust the position of the lamp so that it produces a circle of direct light behind the cardboard. Then put a blue heat-resistant filter in front of the lamp. Switch between full spotlight and full floodlight to achieve ideal gradient effect. Measure the event reading of the impact background. Adjust the light to match the photometric value of the headlamp. Turn on the headlights and background lights. Make final adjustments to composition, lighting and exposure. Reduce any excessive highlights. In order to maintain the maximum brightness of the shadow area, it is best to adjust the position of the subject instead of scattering light. Check the lens glare.

Optical bitmap

Homework 5 Metal?

standard

Light scattered light, reflected light and selective supplementary light.

Props are related to the subject.

The background texture is rough and thick.

The exposure is adjusted according to the high light incident or reflected reading.

Technology keeps the details of highlights full, while shadows have some details. It uses lighting and contrast to enhance the roughness of the subject.

Hang some gears and chains about 2m in front of tracing paper background. Hit tracing paper with a spotlight from behind. Let the point light center be located directly behind the gear and chain to achieve satisfactory composition and effect. Turn on the light to full floodlight. This will form a gradient on the background. Install a blue heat-resistant filter in front of the lamp.

Turn off the backlight. With another spotlight, in the state of full spotlight, the left side seen from the camera is facing the metal gear. Adjust the direction of light until the reflected light is the strongest and the metal surface appears extremely bright. Make sure that no light shines on the background. Put a tracing paper between this lamp and the main body. Adjust the distance and angle between the tracing paper and the lamp until the reflection intensity of the gear and chain reaches the expected value. Install an orange heat-resistant filter in front of the lamp.

Place the third spotlight on the right side of the gear tooth when viewed from the camera direction. Put a tracing paper or other suitable astigmatism material near the lamp. Move the tracing paper back and forth towards the main body to reduce excessive highlights on the metal surface. Install a pink heat-resistant filter in front of the lamp. Do some experiments until the results are satisfactory. Turn on the backlight. In order to confirm the brightness range of the object, the reflection readings of highlights and shadows are measured. If the light ratio is lower than 32:1(5th gear), highlights and shadows will leave some details. For exposure, it is necessary to measure not only the incident reading of the uniformly irradiated area, but also the reflection reading of the gray area of about 18%. Adjust this to read in the range of 32:1(5th gear) to obtain the required effect (exposure of shadows and highlights).

Optical bitmap