Introduction to 3D effects

The importance of 3D renderings lies not only in the assistance of pictures, but also in the fact that a large number of 3D renderings can cooperate to become 3D animation, simulate movie effects and complete animation scenes after the completion of real estate projects.

3D renderings are 3D simulated images. Good 3D renderings are close to photos, just like house decoration. He can use the computer to help you draw the finished decoration in advance during the construction. This is a 3D rendering, which can let you know at a glance whether you will like the house decorated with this design scheme, and give you certain selectivity and cognition.

Types of 3D rendering

1, making hotel renderings

Restaurant 3D renderings, lobby decoration renderings, guest room renderings, bathroom interior renderings, single room 3D renderings, standard room 3D renderings, luxury suite renderings, presidential suite renderings, Chinese restaurant renderings, western restaurant renderings, conference room renderings, etc.

2. Making office renderings

Office design and opening office interior renderings, manager's office 3D renderings, employee's office renderings, reception room renderings, lecture hall decoration renderings, corridor renderings, etc.

3, commercial renderings design

Large-scale comprehensive and professional shopping malls; Design of clothing, jewelry, mobile phones, electrical appliances, gifts, various boutiques or shopping malls and company product exhibition halls.

4, the exhibition space renderings

Booth design of various exhibitions and expositions. Fair of real estate, industry, sugar, wine, food and high-tech products.

5, home improvement renderings design

Design of various model houses, villas, sales offices, clubs and home decoration renderings.

6, outdoor architectural renderings design

Architectural decoration design of various shopping malls, hotels, villas and office factories.

7. Landscape Architecture Planning and Design

Planning and design of various parks, communities, office buildings, schools, commercial streets, enterprises and institutions and environmental art design.

8, construction drawing production

Provide various floor plans and construction drawings.

9, tooling renderings production

Exhibition design, office design, hotel design, restaurant design, etc.

10, interior decoration design

Five-star hotel interior design, commercial office space, villa home decoration design, interior renderings and architectural renderings production.

Software for making 3D renderings

1、AutoCAD

Autocad (Auto Computer Aided Design) is an automatic computer-aided design software first produced by Autodesk Company of the United States in 1982, which is used for two-dimensional drawing, detailed drawing, design documents and basic three-dimensional design. Now it has become a popular drawing tool in the world. Yes. Dwg file format has become the de facto standard format for two-dimensional drawing.

2. Maya

Maya is the world's top three-dimensional animation software produced by Autodesk Company in the United States, and its application objects are professional film and television advertisements, character animation, movie stunts and so on. Maya has perfect functions, flexible work, easy to learn and use, high production efficiency and strong realistic rendering. It is a high-end production software of movie level.

3.3 dsmax (the main software for 3D production)

3D Studio Max, usually referred to as 3ds Max or Max for short, is a 3D animation rendering and production software developed by Autodesk company based on PC system. Its predecessor is 3D Studio series software based on DOS operating system, and the latest version is 20 1 1. Before the appearance of Windows NT, industrial CG production was monopolized by SGI graphics workstation. The emergence of 3D Studio Max+Windows NT combination suddenly lowered the threshold of CG production. First, animation production was used in computer games, and then special effects production of movies and TV was further started, such as X-Men II, The Last Warrior and so on.

Rendering process of renderings

First, modeling.

1, example of scene model: room/living room/dining room/study room/doors and windows/ceiling/wall, etc.

2. Example of product model: desk/desk/cupboard/chair/stool/sofa/coffee table/etc.

3. Examples of decorations: curtains/tableware/candlesticks/pillows/photo frames/paintings/pendants/porcelain/household appliances, etc.

4. Model lamps: chandeliers/wall lamps/downlights/spotlights/desk lamps/floor lamps, etc.

5. Other models, etc.

Description: The above model is to build virtual objects from scratch in 3D software according to photos or drawings.

Second, the material/map

1, material: each model has its own surface properties, such as metal/stone/leather/cloth/glass. , as well as the reflectivity, gloss, transparency and concavity of material properties.

2. Mapping: the texture of surface attributes, such as stones of various colors/fabrics of various textures/wood grains, etc.

3. Mapping coordinates: control the texture to rotate according to the direction of physical texture, such as the direction of wood grain is horizontal and vertical.

Description: The above part defines the surface properties of the product model, such as wood color, gold and silver foil, weathering, stainless steel, etc.

Third, lighting.

1, you can see the final renderings. Lighting is a very important part. Without lighting, it is black. There are many lights in a scene, such as desk lamp/wall lamp/chandelier/ceiling lamp/lamp strip/lamp trough/floor lamp, and moonlight, sunlight, skylight and TV screen lighting at night. Through these, the whole scene space can be illuminated to simulate the real space.

2. Lighting has directionality, lighting intensity and lighting color.

Fourth, the camera

1, the camera is equivalent to the human eye, and each rendering from different angles represents a camera, which is equivalent to a person standing in the position of the camera to see the whole scene.

2. The camera has a height/angle/field of view, etc.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) translation

1. Test rendering: When all models are established and placed, lights are arranged and debugged, materials are given and adjusted, and camera settings are completed, the rendering of low-effect thumbnails is called test rendering. The purpose is to check whether the whole space is wrong, whether the lights are in place, whether the materials are in place, and whether the camera angle is in place.

2. Global debugging: it is to adjust the test rendering results as a whole. After the mediation is completed, the test rendering will be performed, and the test rendering and global debugging will be repeated many times. When you are satisfied, you can render the picture.

3. Render the picture: draw the final large-size, high-pixel and best-effect picture of the tested and debugged scene. This drawing process is generally slow, ranging from 2-3 hours to 5-6 hours. It depends on the hardware and software of the computer. (Hardware: The better the hardware, the faster the calculation speed, and the corresponding drawing time will be shortened. Software: Because 3D software and renderer plug-ins are too expensive, most of them are pirated. Pirated software has limited functions, unstable operation, and often shuts itself down during rendering, resulting in the previous work being wasted. For example, the renderings of Shanghai Scissors and Stone Cloth Shop, in the production process, the software shut itself down more than three times on average. I don't know whether it is hardware or software. ).

Sixth, post-production.

1, mainly using plane software for color matching. In the early days, ornaments and flowers were mainly added to the renderings, and trees and sky backgrounds were added outdoors. Now full-mode rendering technology is basically popular. It is difficult to achieve real three-dimensional sense, depth sense, surface texture and light and shadow projection in plane processing. And full model rendering can solve this problem.

2. The plane software also needs to process the material map in advance. Sometimes, if you can't find a suitable map or color, and the size is not suitable, you should use the plane software to process it first.

;