Mona Lisa's information, don't be general

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leonardo da vinci's painting

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Mona Lisa is a portrait of Lisa Giocondo painted by Renaissance painter leonardo da vinci. The French government keeps it in the Louvre in Paris for public appreciation. On July 17, 212, Italian archaeologists claimed to have found the remains of the Mona Lisa model herself.

It is said that the restoration of this remains may help people solve the mystery of Mona Lisa's smile.

On, experts from the Mona Lisa Foundation said that it would be announced in the last week of September that Leonardo da Vinci had also created a young version of the Mona Lisa before the Mona Lisa.

Name of the work: Mona Lisa

Creation year: Renaissance

Author: leonardo da vinci

Mona Lisa's mysterious smile

Mona Lisa, also known as "Eternal Smile"

leonardo da vinci (Italian)

type oil painting (sketchpad)

Size 77X53cm

Collection is now in possession. Portrait Jie

represents Leonardo da Vinci's highest artistic achievement, and has successfully shaped a city in the rising period of capitalism.

In the painting, the characters sit elegantly, smile slightly, and the background landscape is deep and boundless, which vividly displays the painter's peculiar smoky "unbounded gradient coloring method".

The painter tries to combine the rich inner feelings and beautiful appearance of the characters skillfully. For the key parts that show feelings, such as the corners of the eyes and the lips of portraits, we also pay special attention to mastering the dialectical relationship between precision and implication, so as to achieve the charm, thus making Mona Lisa's smile have a mysterious and unpredictable charm, which is called "mysterious smile" by many art historians.

under the influence of humanism, Leonardo da Vinci focused on expressing people's feelings. In terms of composition, Leonardo da Vinci changed the habit of painting portraits with a side bust or up to the chest, and replaced it with a front bust. The perspective point rose slightly, making the composition pyramid-shaped, which made the Mona Lisa look even more < P >. In addition, Mona Lisa's hands, < P > plump, showed her tenderness, status and class status, and showed Leonardo da Vinci's exquisite painting skills and his keen observation of nature.

it disappeared due to chemical reaction, and there was a blue sky in the background. According to the test, Mona Lisa's smile contains 83% happiness, 9% disgust, 6% fear and 2% anger.

leonardo da vinci (1452-1519), a famous Italian Renaissance cultural figure, was also called "Three Renaissance Masters" with Michelangelo and Sandy Raphael, and was also a rare all-rounder in the history of human civilization. He is not only a genius architect, philosopher and musician, but also an accomplished anatomist, mathematician, physicist, astronomer and geography. For more than ten years, when people talk about the cultural progress of human beings, they will refer to a brilliant page-the Italian Renaissance, and they will associate those great achievements of Leonardo da Vinci.

On April 15th, 1452, on the outskirts of Wenxi Village in Florence, Italy, Cel Pielo Da Vinci and Katli entered the studio in verrocchio in p>1466 and became the first brothers.

In p>1475, they created the Holy Notice.

In p>1476, they were accused of committing homosexual love with other disciples of verrocchio. Because he denied it, Finally, he was released

and drew Worship of the Three Sages in p>1481

In p>1482, he was accepted by San Francisco, and the author of The Virgin on the Rock (3 years old) began to draw The Last Supper in p>1499

In 153, he returned to Florence and began to draw the Mona Lisa

153. Different viewers or at different times seem to feel different.

Chang is gentle, sometimes serious, sometimes slightly sad, sometimes even mocking and teasing. In a painting, the change of light can't be as different as in sculpture. However, on Mona Lisa's face, dim shadows appear and disappear from time to time, covering her eyes and lips. < P > People's smiles are mainly displayed in the corners of the eyes and corners of the mouth, but Leonardo da Vinci prefers to draw these parts faintly, without clear boundaries, which is why this elusive < P > A university in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, used "emotion recognition software" to analyze the content and proportion of Mona Lisa's smiles: Happy 83.

Dr. Margaret Livingstone, a neurologist at Harvard University, said that Mona Lisa's smile appeared and disappeared because of the human visual system, not because of the mysterious expression of the people in the painting. Dr. Livingstone is an authority on visual nerve activity, mainly studying the response of eyes and brain to different contrasts and light and darkness. Livingstone said: "The smile is flickering because the viewer has changed the position of his eyes.

there are two different parts in the human eye that receive images.

The central part (that is, the shallow fossa on the retina) is responsible for distinguishing the facial features

The peripheral part around the shallow fossa is concerned with

movements and shadows. According to Livingstone, when people look at a face, most of their eyes focus on each other's eyes. If people's central vision is placed in Mona Lisa's eyes, less accurate peripheral vision will fall on her mouth < P > Because peripheral vision does not pay attention to nuances, it invisibly highlights the shadow of cheekbones. The radian of

is even bigger. However, when the eyes look directly at Mona Lisa's mouth, the central vision will not see the shadow. Livingstone said: "If you look at her mouth, you will never catch her smile.

looming, because people's eyes are constantly shifting. Levin Si Tong pointed out that if you want to copy the Mona Lisa

, you should look elsewhere.

In p>1993, Susan Gill, a Canadian art historian, published a shocking research result.

It is a man's bare back that topples the lips of countless viewers. This argument is both novel and absurd, but the argument is powerful. Leonardo da Vinci, a painter, sculptor, < P > and scientist, is a "geek". He likes to wear a pink coat, paint his beard with colorful colors without scruple, and often claims that he has dissected more than 3 dead bodies. He is still left-handed, and he is used to writing backwards from right to left. People can only read what he wrote with the help of a mirror. Therefore, it is also a way for viewers to read pictures with the help of mirrors. After rotating 9 degrees, Mona Lisa's sipping lips in the mirror happen to be the back of a strong man with clear lines and the corners of his left arm and elbow; Besides, expressing the beauty of human body and calling for the awakening of human nature are not only the master's philosophy of life, but also his art < P > Indeed, people will get different feelings when they appreciate this painting from different angles and under different light.

elegant, sometimes serene and serious, sometimes slightly sad, and sometimes somewhat sarcastic and teasing, mysterious smile reveals the mysterious spiritual activities of the characters.

for hundreds of years, new definitions of "smile" have emerged one after another.

The reason why you don't show your teeth when you smile is that the prototype is elegant and beautiful, but it is inarticulate; The prototype died because of her beloved daughter, and she was depressed and unhappy, so it was difficult to hide her sadness. What's more, the Mona Lisa was pushed off the throne of a lady, and the prototype was degraded to a prostitute. Therefore, Dr. Joseph Baukowski of Maryland, USA, with a smile, thought: "The Mona Lisa didn't smile at all, and her facial expression typically showed that she wanted to hide that she didn't have front teeth.

Dr. Jean-Jacques Condette, a brain surgeon in Lyon, France, thinks that the Mona Lisa has just had a stroke. Look, the muscles in half of her face are flabby and her face is crooked, which makes her look slightly

Dr. Kenneth gay friends, a British doctor, believes that the Mona Lisa is pregnant. His basis is that her face shows a satisfied expression, her skin is fresh and tender, and her hands are crossed on her abdomen. Sexologists speculate that Mona Lisa just experienced orgasm, so she showed a smile that captivated the world.

There is another saying that is almost nonsense: her expression looks intoxicated as if she had eaten phenylaminoimine, which is a pleasure hormone produced by people after eating chocolate. Few people believe this statement, because it didn't happen at that time

Sinkor Kenriel, a professor of anthropology at the University of Antwerp, Belgium, thought that Mona Lisa had such a smile because she was full of food, because the radian of her mouth and the gesture of putting her hand gently on her abdomen were similar to those in the painting of human beings after a full meal.

The horizon on the left is lower than that on the right, and the left side of Mona Lisa looks bigger than the right side. Historically, the left side represents women, which shows that Leonardo da Vinci worships women. In fact, there are many similarities between Mona LISA and Leonardo da Vinci's self-portraits. In Egyptian legend, the god in charge of male genitalia is called A

, and the god in charge of female genitalia is called Isis-it was read as Lisa in ancient Chinese, so Mona Lisa means that Mona Lisa is not a male or a female, but a knot of both sexes.

According to previous statements, Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa However, there is a saying in the collection circle that it is not the Mona Lisa that hangs in the Louvre

The real Mona Lisa is on the wall of an apartment in London

This apartment and the curator of this work, Dr. Pulitzer

After the Mona Lisa was completed, the work was left in Lisa de Zogon's house. Later, another nobleman asked Da Vinci to paint a portrait of his mistress. This daughter, known as "La Gioconda" (meaning "smiling person"), looks very much like Mona Lisa. Leonardo da Vinci of

changed the face of Mona Lisa to Rajo

After the painting was completed, the nobleman abandoned Rajo Kangda and did not buy the painting. Later, Leonardo da Vinci went to France at the invitation of Francis I, and brought this

painting. Pulitzer said that it was Rajo

' s Mona Lisa that added brilliance to the Louvre. It was later moved to Ingram, bought by william blake, a museum curator and

connoisseur at the beginning of this century, and later acquired by a Swiss financial group. Pulitzer was one of them.

At the beginning of this century, many people copied and forged famous works of art on a large scale, so it is reasonable to suspect that the one in London is a fake. However, Dr. Pulitzer is convinced of the authenticity of his painting. He confirmed by microphotography that the fingerprints on this painting in London are the same as those on other works of Leonardo da Vinci. According to records, the Mona Lisa is 19 years younger than La Qiaokang, and she was painted with a veil to express her mourning. Of the two paintings, only the one in London shows a younger woman wearing a beautiful veil. Another evidence is that Raphael sketched the Mona Lisa when Leonardo da Vinci painted this painting. There are two columns behind the Mona Lisa in the sketch. These two columns appear in the portrait of London, while the Louvre is set on a cliff.

For hundreds of years, many collectors have claimed that they have the real Mona Lisa.

More interestingly, the Bertrand Art Museum in Maine, USA, received a painting "No Smile" in 1984. Experts speculate that the Mona Lisa without a smile may have been painted by the author at the same time. There is also a saying that the Mona Lisa currently in the Louvre is a fake, which is based on the theft in 1911. In that theft,

two years later, it appeared in Italy, but the colonnades on both sides behind the Mona Lisa were

a few years later, the Mona Lisa was returned to the Louvre. However, many experts believe that what was recovered this time was just a smoke screen. The real Mona Lisa has been bought by a rich collector. The Mona Lisa hanging in the Louvre has been regarded as the most expensive portrait for hundreds of years. In the 196s, it was estimated that the value of this painting had reached 1 million US dollars. With the permission of the government, from December 14, 1962 to March 12, 1963, it was successively. Due to too many visitors, it is said that the exhibition stipulates that each audience can only stay in front of the portrait of Mona Lisa for three seconds.

The exhibition is more sensational than the United States. It is said that Carlo pedretti, a professor at the University of California, believes that the background behind the Mona Lisa is the scenery near Briano Bridge in arezzo, central Italy. Pedretti's evidence is that Leonardo da Vinci was born in the town of Vinci, about 1 kilometers from arezzo, and once lived in arezzo. The original landscape of this area is almost exactly the same as the background of Mona Lisa. Therefore, Leonardo da Vinci is likely to use the pastoral scenery of this area as the background of Mona Lisa.

After Dretti's view was announced at the international symposium on Leonardo da Vinci's painting, many experts in art history studied him.

The British Guardian website reported on January 9, 211 that Italian art historian Carla Gloria said that the background bridge and a road above the shoulders of Mona Lisa in the painting belong to Bobbio, a small town in northern Italy.

It was generally believed that

was fiction. Gloria said that the digital password recently found on the painting supports her inference. Gloria claimed that she would publish her new findings this year.

The winding road can be found in Bobbio, a small town in northern Italy, and so can the arch bridge. Da Vinci can see the bridge through the window of the town castle.

Gloria reached the above conclusion during her research on the true identity of the characters in the Mona Lisa painting.

It may be Bianca Giovanna sforza, daughter of ludovico sforza, Duke of Milan in the 15th century. A popular saying is that the real name of the woman in the painting is Lisa Giocondo, the wife and son of a businessman in Florence, Italy. Gloria said: "Bobbio was under the rule of Ludovico, where the library was very famous. Like many other artists and scientists, Leonardo da Vinci may have been there.

" Bobbio in the Middle Ages was famous for its monastery.

The background bridge in the Mona Lisa painting was located on the Trebbia River, which was once called the most beautiful place in the world by American writer Hemingway.

Last year, some Italian researchers claimed that the number "72" was written on the arch in the background of

Shakespeare. Gloria believes that this number represents 1472, because the bridge was built in 1472.