The anti-Japanese war deeds of 800 heroes

Eight hundred heroes fought alone in the warehouse of Hu Si, which aroused the anxiety of the Shanghai Concession authorities. They were afraid that the continuation of the war would endanger the security of the concession, and demanded that the China government order a separate retreat. Considering that the scheduled mission has been completed, the military authorities of China ordered to retreat alone on 3 1. After receiving the order, Xie Jinyuan immediately said on behalf of the 800 heroes: All officers and men have already made a will, vowing to live and die together with the position, but they must die meaningfully, but they must die happily! After repeated telegrams, eight hundred heroes tearfully said that he would execute the order and retreat to the concession.

Feng Shengfa, deputy commander of the 88th Division, Zhang Baiting, chief of staff, Yu Hung chun, secretary-general of the Shanghai Municipal Government, and Yang Hu, commander of the Shanghai garrison, once negotiated with marlett, commander of the British garrison in charge of the concession. The two sides reached an agreement: the British army suppressed the Japanese firepower, crossed Tibet Road alone, entered the concession from the new garbage bridge, and then returned to Shanghai by the British bus.

3 1 in the early morning, Xie Jinyuan began to retreat alone. Brave people rushed out of the building quickly and entered the concession from the newly-built garbage bridge. Xie Jinyuan himself was the last one to leave the warehouse position, and the battalion commander Yang Ruifu was seriously injured and hospitalized.

Xie Jinyuan led eight hundred heroes to successfully withdraw from Sihang Warehouse and retreat into the Concession. He was preparing to return to the west from Shanghai and continue to fight against the Japanese army. When the concession authorities were forced by the Japanese army to threaten that if the concession allowed them to pass alone, the Japanese army would also threaten to pursue them alone through the concession. They broke their word and wanted to put away their lonely weapons and transport them to Jiaozhou Road for detention. Eight hundred heroes was furious, claiming that weapons were the second life of soldiers, and he would never leave his hand, preferring to go back to the fourth-line warehouse and stick to it. The two sides are deadlocked. After several rounds of negotiations, the concession said that this was only to let the solitary army take care of the weapons and issue receipts according to the specified quantity, which was by no means disarmament. Eight hundred heroes, for the sake of the overall situation, endured humiliation and was transported to Jiaozhou Road by car. Under the pressure of Japan, the concession authorities did not dare to release the lone soldier and return to the army. At the same time, they also rejected Japan's unreasonable request to extradite this lone soldier. In this way, 800 heroes were imprisoned in a lonely military camp. The lonely military camp covers an area of tens of acres, with potholes and garbage everywhere. Housing is very simple. The barbed wire around the camp was raised and guarded by Belarusian soldiers. Strong people can only move in barbed wire. In fact, this is a prison camp.

In the face of adversity, the belief of 800 heroes resisting Japan to death has not wavered. Brave people regard lonely camp life as another form of fighting. Through their own words and deeds, "AIA saw the spirit of China soldiers from us and knew the true spirit of China." On the second day of coming to the solitary military camp, Xie Jinyuan said when meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists: "The enemy is at odds with us. One day we will fight the enemy to the end. " Under the leadership of Xie Jinyuan, eight hundred heroes still lived a strict army life, doing morning exercises, being on duty, standing guard, never stopping, and doing production by himself. They have received strict training and are ready to serve the motherland at any time. In order to stimulate patriotic enthusiasm, they also hold a spiritual flag-raising ceremony every day to express their infinite loyalty to the Chinese nation.

On June1937165438+1October 12, all Japanese troops withdrew from Shanghai, and the Japanese troops surrounded the concession. The lonely military camp has become an island in an island and the last spiritual fortress of Shanghai's anti-Japanese war. For a time, ordinary people in the camp were not restricted, and Shanghai compatriots were free to contact the lonely army. On the way to the lonely military camp, people come and go every day, just like the sight of saints going to the holy land in droves.

1August, 938, on the anniversary of the "813" Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai, the Lone Army asked the concession authorities to hang the national flag in the Lone Army camp to commemorate it. The concession authorities obstructed in many ways in an attempt to stop the commemorative activities. After several negotiations, the concession authorities were forced to agree to raise the flag, but demanded that the flagpole be shortened to be flush with the roof of the auditorium in the camp to avoid being seen by the Japanese. 1 1 On that day, the solitary army held a solemn flag-raising ceremony and the national flag fluttered in the camp. When Shanghai compatriots saw it, they all burst into tears. Seeing this, the concession authorities, afraid of offending the Japanese, sent an international business group, the Belarus team, into the solitary military camp to forcibly remove the national flag. Struggle alone with bare hands, build a human wall hand in hand and surround the flagpole. Belarusian soldiers shot and killed four people on the spot to protect the national flag, and 1 1 was injured. The Belarusian team also took Xie Jinyuan and other officers to the car and took them to the Bund for confinement. To this end, all the lonely officers and men went on a hunger strike, and the Shanghai compatriots were filled with indignation. They went on strike for three days to support the lone army, demanding that Xie Jinyuan and others be sent back to the lone army camp. On August 13, the China * * * Production Party wrote an article in the weekly "People" published in Hankou: "I would like to express my sincere condolences to the 800 heroes who were detained in Shanghai and persisted in their struggle." 17, under the pressure of all parties, the concession authorities agreed that Xie Jinyuan and others would return to the solitary military camp.

With the change of the situation in Shanghai, Japanese and puppet activities are increasingly rampant. They threatened and lured Xie Jinyuan and others in an attempt to make them defect, but Xie Jinyuan did not waver.

Seeing that the lure was ineffective, the enemy was ready to kill him. 1941On the morning of April 24th, when Xie Jinyuan was leading his morning exercise, four people, including Hao Mou, a lone traitor bought by the enemy, were suddenly attacked and died.

After Xie Jinyuan's martyrdom, a person was filled with grief and indignation and burst into tears. The traitor was caught red-handed and punished. The people of Shanghai were shocked by the bad news. A funeral ceremony was held on April 25th, and the number of mourners reached 65438+ 10,000. Chinese and foreign newspapers and periodicals have reported news and expressed their condolences. In May of the same year, the Kuomintang government ratified Major General Xie Jin Jinyuan Army. After liberation, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government praised his spirit of "participating in the Anti-Japanese War and dying for the country" and rebuilt his grave.

After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese army broke into the solitary camp in19412, detained all the solitary troops and sent them to Wusongkou for custody, ending the four-year solitary camp life. Since then, the Japanese army has done all kinds of harm to the solitary army, forcing them to dig trenches and do coolies, and later took them to Nanjing Tiger Bridge Prison. Even in this cruel environment, 800 heroes still showed indomitable spirit and fought against the enemy. In order to disintegrate the solitary army, the Japanese army still held 800 heroes in solitary confinement, and sent some of them to Hangzhou, Nanyang and other places for hard labor. Only after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War did the survivors regain their freedom. The story of Yang Ruifu, the first battalion commander. Sun, the commander of the 88th Division of the Kuomintang, recalled in the book "War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in Shanghai on August 13th" published by China Literature and History Publishing House that 1937 During the "August 13th" Shanghai Anti-Japanese War, the national army fought tenaciously and the Japanese army fought continuously for more than three months. In the same year1the morning of October 26th 10, Gu, the supreme commander of the national army in Shanghai Theater, called him and said that Chiang Kai-shek hoped that the 88th Division would stay in Zhabei and defend Shanghai. Immediately, he invited Xie Jinyuan, deputy head of the 524th regiment, and Major Yang Ruifu, the battalion commander of the first battalion of the regiment, to the headquarters and personally handed them the order to "defend the last position in Shanghai". After bravely fighting against the Japanese army, eight hundred heroes was ordered to retreat into the Shanghai Concession at dawn on June 1 1 of the same year. During the retreat, this lone army held its last position, fought hard for 4 days and nights, and repelled the enemy siege for 6 times. There are more than 200 bodies, countless wounded and two chariots destroyed near the enemy's four-row warehouse. "I only had 37 casualties, and the battalion commander Yang Ruifu was shot in the left chest and was seriously injured." 1939, Yang Ruifu, a lone battalion commander, came to Chongqing in the rear area with his wife and children and his brother-in-law injured in the Anti-Japanese War, and soon went to Hechuan, Chongqing, and lived in Tongliang Cave Taoist Temple in the south of Hechuan for rest. During this period, he also wrote the detailed story of "four lines" fighting alone into "Four Diaries of Fighting Alone", which was published in the supplement of Loud Daily in Hechuan in June1939-June12-June 17, which greatly encouraged the people of Hechuan to resist Japanese aggression. 1940 In the spring, Yang Ruifu was in bed with a gunshot wound. Later, his wife rushed him to the main city of Chongqing for treatment, but he died in Chongqing at the age of 37. According to Hechuan County Records, Yang Ruifu was posthumously awarded as a major general by Chiang Kai-shek after his death. Yang Ruifu, a native of Jinghai County, Tianjin, left a charge before his death and wanted to be buried in Tongliang Cave in Hechuan after his death. Immediately, Lu Zuofu used the fleet of Minsheng Company to transport his coffin back to Hechuan. When Yang Ruifu returned to Hechuan, local 1000 citizens gathered at Xiaonanmen Pier wearing white flowers on their chests to welcome the hero back with sadness, and then escorted him to Tongliang Cave for burial. The people of Hechuan spontaneously raised funds to build a memorial tower and cemetery for General Yang. The tower is engraved with the inscription of the Anti-Japanese War, and there is a stone tablet in front of the tomb, engraved with the "Tomb of the Anti-Japanese General Yang Ruifu".

Yang Ruifu cemetery was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution.

In 2009, Chongqing Cultural Relics Committee named Yang Ruifu's tomb as "Chongqing Anti-Japanese War Site Cultural Relics Protection Unit".

Every year, Tomb-Sweeping Day goes to the cemetery to pay homage to General Yang Ruifu.

According to experts' research and veterans' memoirs, their later fate can only be attributed to the following categories:

1In August, 942, 70 lone soldiers were transferred to Nanjing Xiaolingwei, and 8 people including Wan Lianqing successfully escaped from danger and returned to safety with the help of the New Fourth Army. Wan Lianqing and others will join the Chinese Expeditionary Force in the future and go to Yunnan and Myanmar.

At the end of 1942, 100 more than one lone soldier was sent to yuxikou to load and unload coal, and 29 of them successfully escaped from danger. Chen Risheng and others who returned to Chongqing were refused to rejoin the army and resumed the organizational system, so more than 20 people returned to their hometowns.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/943, 28 strong men from Nanjing Xiaolingwei successfully fled, and some of them joined the local Maoshan New Fourth Army guerrillas. Shangguan Zhibiao, deputy head of the Orphan Corps, successfully escaped while seeking medical treatment in Wuxi, and later served as the local guerrilla captain.

1in March, 946, 36 lone soldiers who went to Papua New Guinea returned to Shanghai after more than three years of hard labor overseas.

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, survivors from all over the country came to Shanghai one after another. Under the care of Xie Jinyuan's widow Ling Weicheng, orphans worked as porters at Dada Wharf at that time, making a living by labor, and "eight hundred heroes" was self-reliant. ...

"Since then, many people have remained anonymous. Now, it is time for this history to reappear. " Shen Jianzhong said, "As the birthplace of this legend, Shanghai is more responsible. Now we are also carrying out activities to find the anti-Japanese martyrs of that year ... "

I finally learned

For decades, he has been afraid to use the name "Yang Genkui", which was once listed as "eight hundred heroes".

20 10, 10, it was very cold and it was raining lightly. In the exhibition hall of the Battle of Songhu on the second floor of the battlefield hall of Jianchuan Museum, the commentator is explaining to the tourists: "1On October 27th, Xie Jinyuan, head of the 54th Regiment of the 88th Division of the Kuomintang, was ordered to stick to the four-row warehouse of Guangfu Road in Zhabei ... 800 officers and men were praised as 800 heroes ..." Suddenly, an old man next to her interrupted her: "Not 800 heroes, only 397 people.

The old man went on to say, "I was on the fourth line." He even gesticulated: "... I grabbed the pistol, pinned four grenades to my waist, rushed out with more than 40 people, and hit the enemy when I saw it. A ghost soldier stabbed me with a bayonet. My head tilted and the bayonet opened a blood hole in my left forehead. I raised a gun and knocked him to the ground. " The tourists all gathered around and took photos with the old man.

The old man said that his name is Yang Genkui, and he is 90 years old. He is a veteran who participated in the defense war of the fourth-line warehouse that year.

The battle between the four warehouses took place from1937 65438+1October 26th to165438+1October 60th, and its end marked the end of a major battle in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China-the Battle of Shanghai and Shanghai. China soldiers who participated in this defense war were called "eight hundred heroes". They resisted many Japanese attacks and covered the retreat of the 88th Division of the National Revolutionary Army to the west. After the war, the soldiers retreated into the British Concession, were detained for three years, and then fell into the hands of the Japanese. Since then, the strong men have wandered around and their whereabouts are unknown.

The old man in front of him still remembers the battle 73 years ago. "Unbelievable, I talked with him for two hours, and my memory is amazing. The details are vivid and lifelike. " Fan Jianchuan, director of Jianchuan Museum, said.

Yang Genkui stood at attention in front of the sculpture of Xie Jinyuan in the "China Brave1931-KLOC-0/945" sculpture square, and took off his gloves to salute. "Colonel, subordinate Yang Genkui, a battalion, two companies and one platoon leader, ended War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (fighting) and retreated into the British Concession. Now I salute you. " In front of Chiang Kai-shek's sculpture, Yang Genkui bowed deeply: "Chairman Jiang, Yang Genkui, a subordinate, salutes you." Yang Genkui went on to sing the Kuomintang's Dang Ge. Later, he paid tribute to the statues of Zhou Enlai, Mao Zedong and Zhu De.