Briefly describe the main painting schools in the world since modern times.

In the 20th century, with the maturity and development of photography technology, the realistic function of traditional painting tends to weaken. The rational thinking required by the revolution of industry, information and science and technology drives artists to constantly explore the abstract beauty of art, thus stimulating people's imagination and enlightening people's thinking. In this context, new artistic routes and schools of fine arts are constantly emerging. With the occurrence of major events in human society, mainstream art has evolved in three stages:

From the early 20th century to World War I: Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism and Abstraction.

It is universally acknowledged that Cezanne, Van Gogh and Gauguin were the founders of modern art in the 20th century, and their influence was limited during their lifetime. 190 1-1906, their works were first exhibited in Paris, France. The painter who inherited their ideas and spread them to the 20th century is a small school of artists-Nabi School. The characteristics of Nabi school can be summarized into two deformation theories: "objective deformation, which is based on pure aesthetics, decorative concepts, and technical elements of color and composition;" Then there is subjective deformation, so that the painter's personal inspiration can be brought into play. "Nabi Pai uses highly absorbent picture materials, such as cardboard, instead of canvas. In order to pursue color effects, it also uses protein or glue to mix pigments. The main representatives are Sergio, P. bonnard, M. Deni, E. Weil, etc.

Fauvism painting, represented by Matisse, which was born in France in 1905, uses bright and heavy colors to create a strong picture effect with straightforward and extensive brushwork, fully showing the expressionist tendency of pursuing emotional expression. The representative figures are Matisse, Flemish and Delong. In northern Europe, with the establishment of 1905 German Bridge Society and 1909 blue rider Society, expressionism entered the painting world as an important school. Representative figures are edvard munch, Anceaux, Schiller, Kirksika, Nold, Kirchner of Joe School, Kandinsky and Marquez of Blue Riding School. Fauvism and expressionism have similar aesthetic goals and artistic pursuits. Both of them are very bold in the use of color, but the purpose of using color is different. Fauvism is aestheticism, and expressionism is to express feelings and self with colors and crazy lines, so as to vent inner anguish.

Cezanne is a representative figure of post-impressionism, and he is the first painter to bring concrete into abstract form. His understanding of "reducing nature to three basic shapes: cylinder, cone and sphere" gave birth to cubism. 1908 cubist painting, represented by Braque and Picasso, inherited Cezanne's molding law and decomposed natural objects into geometric blocks, thus fundamentally breaking away from the visual laws and spatial concepts of traditional painting. But "abstract" art does not exist in Picasso's view. He thinks that some people only emphasize style, while others emphasize life. After cubism came into being, in the 1920s, branches of cubism appeared one after another, such as futurism, constructivism, absolutism and neo-modeling. Among them, 1909, a futuristic art movement that appeared in Italy, used cubism to decompose objects and express factors such as speed, time and intensity to reflect the "beauty of speed", with representatives such as Bocconi, Barra and Sevini.