What kinds of holidays are there?

The classification of holiday tourism can be carried out from the differences of time, distance, form and content. For example, according to the length of time, it can be divided into long-term vacation (generally more than one month), short-term vacation (within one month) and weekend vacation (weekend vacation). According to the distance between the holiday destination and the place of residence, it can be divided into vacation around the living city (place of residence) and long-distance vacation (abroad vacation), and according to the form of vacation, it can be divided into family vacation and unit vacation. According to the content, it can be divided into leisure vacation, recuperation vacation, sports vacation, sightseeing vacation, professional vacation (art, literature, science) and other types. This classification has the greatest and most direct significance for studying the development and development of holiday tourism.

(1) Leisure vacation.

Holiday travel with leisure as the main content and with the main purpose of restoring physical strength and relaxing body and mind. The main features are: First, the time is usually short, and the retired elderly and children are relatively long; Second, the distance between the resort and the place of residence is usually close, that is, nearby and convenient; Thirdly, in the content of activities, tourists take the initiative to carry out relatively few activities that consume physical strength and brain power, and only carry out some relaxed cultural and recreational activities, recreational sports activities and sightseeing activities; Fourth, the price and consumption level are relatively low, and the investment in development, construction and management is relatively small; Fifth, the requirements for the environment and atmosphere are relatively high, and the basic requirements for facilities and services are moderate and comfortable; Sixth, long-term leisure vacations in the middle and long distance are usually dominated by high-intensity physical and mental workers, retired people and children. Leisure vacation is the most important and popular holiday tourism in China at present, including holiday around the city, seaside holiday, mountain summer vacation, grassland holiday, etc., and it is also developing rapidly.

(2) Leisure vacation.

Holiday tourism with mass fitness as the main purpose. The main features are as follows: First, the time is relatively long, and most of them are long-term vacations; Second, give priority to long-distance vacations; Third, the choice of resort and the special and high requirements for resources, environment, facilities and services; Fourthly, adjuvant therapy, rehabilitation training, appropriate intensity and form of physical exercise, cultural entertainment and game exchange are important or even main contents; Fifth, the price and consumption level are high, the capital investment in development, construction and management is moderate, and the technical investment in medical and health care and sports health care is high. The recuperation holiday is a traditional holiday tour in China. It is developed from specific occupational rest leave, post-injury recovery, rehabilitation of patients with chronic diseases and mental diseases, and the physique of the weak, such as workers' rest leave carried out by major industrial departments such as coal mines, petroleum and railways, rehabilitation leave carried out by medical and health systems, and teachers' winter and summer vacations carried out by education departments. With the sustained and rapid development of the country's economy and society and the improvement of people's material and cultural living standards, employees' vacations organized by government agencies, military units, schools and communities are becoming more and more common, and leisure vacations specially developed and organized by tourism departments are also developing rapidly. Hot spring vacation is a typical mass leisure vacation, and forest vacation and seaside vacation often include the contents and functions of recuperation and leisure vacation.

(3) Sports vacation.

Holiday tourism with sports as the main content. The main features are as follows: first, taking sports as the main content and tourism as the attraction; Second, tourists should focus on sports activities instead of passively watching sports events; Third, sports events must be attended by the general public and tourists at all levels, but they are usually not popular sports activities in home life; Fourth, pay more attention to the resources, conditions, environment, venues, facilities, organization, management and services of sports activities; Fifth, the price and consumption level are high, and the capital and technical investment in the construction, maintenance, management and service of venues and facilities are also high. At present, the more representative sports holidays at home and abroad are skiing tourism and golf tourism, both of which are holiday tourism projects with high requirements for resources and environment, large investment in venue and facilities construction and high requirements for management and service technology knowledge. However, what people can do well in their places of residence, such as swimming, ball games, track and field, tennis, billiards, windsurfing, kayaking and skydiving, is difficult to develop into popular sports holiday tourism projects.

(4) sightseeing and vacation.

Holiday tourism with sightseeing as the main content. The main features are: first, taking one place as the center and relying on one place; The second is short-distance sightseeing with "one-day tour" and "half-day tour" as the main content; Third, it has good compatibility with other tourism projects; Fourth, the requirements for the development, construction, organization, management and service of products, projects and facilities are relatively low, that is, they are easy to produce and develop, and the price and consumption level are generally in the middle, but they fluctuate greatly with the content and consumption level. It is generally understood that sightseeing and vacation are two different types of tourism activities, so it is often doubtful whether sightseeing and vacation belong to one type of vacation tourism.

In fact, sightseeing vacation is common in practice, and its main manifestation is that tourists take a resort as the center, take a base for accommodation, catering and entertainment, go out early or join a group, and go sightseeing everywhere. Large cruise ships and inland cruise ships are also typical sightseeing holidays, with ships as the flow center and bases as the support. Train travel, represented by Orient Express and Silk Road Express, also aims at sightseeing and vacation. But at present, besides the transportation function, the comfort of entertainment, leisure, fitness and accommodation, the reputation of catering service is still insufficient. In practice, sightseeing vacation is not only an organic combination of vacation and sightseeing, but also can be combined with other tourism projects such as leisure and sports. The basic way of combination is to take a small town or core scenic spot as the center and rely on it to engage in "one-day tour" and "half-day tour" in the surrounding scenic spots continuously or intermittently, relax in hotels, resorts and small towns when they don't want to go out, and entertain, keep fit and exercise indoors in bad weather.

(5) professional holidays.

One of the main contents and purposes is to engage in artistic creation, literary creation, scientific research, professional discussion and professional training. The main features are: first, it belongs to transactional and professional tourism; Second, the requirements for professional services, environment, atmosphere, specialized resources and specific conditions are relatively high; Third, the requirements for the organization, facilities and services of tourism activities should not be too harsh, but attention should be paid to appropriateness, moderation, personalization and subtlety, with the basic principles of not influencing, not interfering and being conducive to the realization of its professional purposes; Fourth, the price and consumption level are low, and the capital and technology investment in development, construction and management are not too high, with convenience, practicality and suitability as the basic standards; Fifth, the requirements for informationization, specialization and specific facilities and services are relatively high. At present, the common professional holiday tourism includes professional photography, scientific observation, resource investigation, writers' collecting styles, painters' sketching, advanced art training, literary pen meeting, calligraphy discussion and exchange, etc.