Memorial to Zhaoling, the "First Mausoleum in the World"

? 20 1 165438+20081October 25th, which coincides with Sunday, with clear sky and sunny weather. My family drove to Jiuzhang Mountain in the northwest of Liquan County to pay homage to Zhaoling, the tomb of Li Shimin, the first mausoleum in the world.

Jiuzhang Mountain is located in the yin of Jinghe River and the yang of Weihe River, separated from Guanzhong Plain in the south, and confronted with Taibai and Zhongnan peaks. Nine ridges are evenly distributed around the main peak. In ancient times, this small ridge was called jiusan.

Zhaoling is the burial tomb of Emperor Taizong and Wen Deshi. It is said that Zhaoling was built in 107, covering an area of 200 square kilometers, with 180 * *, which is the "Eighteen Tombs of Tang Dynasty" in Guanzhong and the largest and most buried tomb in China Royal Cemetery. It is also a representative imperial mausoleum in the Tang Dynasty.

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Enter Zhaoling Scenic Area, climb high and overlook. Jiuzhang Mountain is densely forested, with ups and downs on both sides of the east and west, high in the north and steep in the south, criss-crossing ravines and abrupt mountain slopes.

Entering the gate of the scenic spot and climbing the stairs, a statue of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, who is more than ten meters high and dressed in a dragon and phoenix robe, stands in the cemetery, with six huge dragon and phoenix pillars erected on both sides.

It's better to listen to the scenery than to see it. Watch the whole journey and "rub" with the tour guide.

It is said that according to Emperor Taizong's original idea, the Mausoleum should be completely modeled after the mausoleum of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. But Yu Shinan, who is proficient in classics and history, put forward different opinions. He believes that the Han system not only wastes human resources, but also encourages thieves. Therefore, most of the Han tombs were stolen, and the remains of emperors were abandoned in the wild, which was really harmful. He suggested that Emperor Taizong should be like Emperor Yao, because the mountain is the tomb, and there is nothing hidden in the tomb. A monument should be erected outside the tomb to explain it.

Yu Shinan's suggestion was that Emperor Taizong finally decided to choose Jiuyi Mountain as the location of Zhaoling, which played an enlightening role in thought and theory.

Later, Emperor Taizong used Jiuzhang Mountain to build Zhaoling Mausoleum, and ordered his descendants to "always think about the law", which initiated the imperial mausoleum system in the Tang Dynasty.

Zhaoling Gongxuan was built on the hillside of the south slope of the main peak of Jiuzhang Mountain, 60 kilometers away from Fiona Fang cemetery. There is an underground palace at the bottom of the peak, which stretches for dozens of miles with the buried tomb. It is magnificent and spectacular.

According to relevant historical records, there are watchtowers at the four corners of the city wall, with one in the middle, namely "Zhuquemen" in the south, "Xuanwu Gate" in the north, "Qinglong Gate" in the east and "Baihumen" in the west. These east, west, north, south and middle gates have been destroyed, and what we see today is only the ruins of ruins.

Although there is no priceless gold and silver jewelry in Zhaoling, it is said that there is a precious cultural relic in the tomb, which can be called "the treasure of the town tomb". It is the representative work of Wang Xizhi, a "book sage" in Jin Dynasty, and is known as "Preface to Lanting Collection".

Then, why did Preface to Lanting Collection come to Zhaoling, Li Shimin?

It turns out that Li Shimin has always loved Wang Xizhi's calligraphy works, and he is naturally fascinated by Preface to Lanting Collection. He learned that the Preface to Lanting Collection went through many twists and turns and fell into the hands of Cai Bian monks, so he sent Xiao Yi, the supervisor, to ask for it. Xiao Yi knew that he could only outsmart others, but could not force others, so he pretended to be a scholar and took some works by Wang Xizhi and a monk to enjoy. The gifted scholar and monk disagreed and took out the original preface to Lanting Collection. Xiao Yi just showed Li Shimin's letters and took the original Preface to Lanting Collection.

Li Shimin couldn't put it down. He left his last words and will be in Zhaoling with the original Preface to Lanting Collection after his death.

Zhaoling is a physical witness of the early Tang Dynasty to its prosperous Tang Dynasty, and a rare treasure house of cultural relics for understanding and studying the politics, economy and culture of the autocratic monarchy in Tang Dynasty and even in China.

(Photo/Xu Yongjie 20 18 1 1.25 in Xianyang Liquan)

Brief introduction of the author

Xu Yongjie, a native of Chen Lu Town, Tongchuan City, likes writing and photography. His works are scattered in provincial and municipal newspapers, People's Daily Digital Tongchuan, Shaanxi Civilization Network, Tongchuan First Line, Tongchuan Hotspot, E Copper Network, Huangbao Academy, Smart Tongchuan Mobile Station and many other online media.

I am the author of a collection of works, such as Idle Feelings, Leisurely, Fragrant Falling Out of the Dust, Chunhua Qiushi, etc.