How to adjust the sensitivity ISO, shutter speed, aperture and exposure compensation of SLR cameras? What is the principle of adjustment?

ISO, shutter speed, aperture and exposure compensation are all different devices for camera to control exposure system. Generally speaking, their adjustment principles are allocated according to the principles of measurement and exposure systems.

ISO: If it is adjusted, generally speaking, ISO 100 can be used when the outdoor light is bright in normal daytime, and ISO200-ISO800 can also be used when the light is dim. If you don't use flash for indoor shooting, you can improve the sensitivity and ensure the shutter speed. Sensitivity is not a fixed set value, and can be set according to specific shading requirements.

Shutter speed: the adjustment of shutter is based on the value given by metering system and aperture. Under the same exposure, the larger the aperture, the faster the shutter speed; Conversely, the smaller the aperture, the slower the shutter is required. The speed of the shutter will affect the authenticity of the image. The faster the shutter speed, the more solidified the high-speed moving object. On the contrary, the slower the shutter speed, the more blurred the moving object will appear.

Aperture: The larger the aperture, the larger the aperture and the smaller the aperture. Generally, it starts from F1.4—F22f22, and the adjustment of aperture also controls exposure according to the given values of metering system and shutter. The darker the light, the larger the aperture to be opened, and the brighter the light, the smaller the aperture to be used. However, the size of the aperture will affect the clear range of the subject, that is, the larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field, and the larger the aperture correction depth of field.

Exposure compensation: exposure compensation is a device to increase or decrease exposure for various automatic exposures. Only valid for automatic exposure. General adjustment is achieved by setting exposure compensation +/- 1-3 files when using P file, aperture priority AV/A and speed priority TV/S. Exposure compensation plays a very important role and can be used better if you master it skillfully.

Extended data

In fact, the adjustment of the above equipment needs to be based on the brightness value measured by the photometric system for the brightness of the shooting scene, and then the exposure system determines the specific aperture and shutter speed. This premise is based on first determining the established ISO sensitivity value. Exposure compensation is due to the fact that the camera metering system corrects the differences of different colors and gray levels of the shooting scene during automatic exposure according to the principle of 18% neutral gray.

The higher the brightness of ISO sensitivity of SLR cameras, the greater the noise of photos. Conversely, the lower the brightness, the smaller the noise and the darker the picture. Shutters with shutter speed can present different landscape colors. If the shutter is too fast, the photo will be blurred, and if the sensitivity is reduced, the photo will be clear. The larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field, and the smaller the aperture, the larger the range of depth of field. By adjusting the sensitivity, shutter and aperture, you can take clearer and more artistic photos.