What does CCD mean?

CCD refers to a charge-coupled device, which is a detection element that uses the amount of charge to represent the signal size and transmits the signal through coupling. It has a series of advantages, such as self-scanning, wide sensing spectrum range, small distortion, small volume, light weight, low system noise, low power consumption, long service life and high reliability, and can be made into highly integrated components.

Charge coupled device (CCD) is a new type of semiconductor device developed in the early 1970s.

CCD was invented by Willard S Boyle and George. Smith from Bell Laboratories, telephone 1969.

At that time, Bell Laboratories was developing videophones and semiconductor bubble memories. After combining these two new technologies, Boyle and Smith came up with a device, which they named "charge bubble" device.

This device is characterized by its ability to transfer charges along the semiconductor surface, so it is tried to be used as a memory device. At that time, the memory could only be input by "injecting" the charge from the register. But it was immediately discovered that the photoelectric effect can generate charges on the surface of this device, thus forming a digital image.

By the 1970s, researchers in Bell Laboratories had been able to capture images with simple linear devices, and CCD was born. Several companies continued this invention and started further research, including Fairchild Semiconductor, RCA and Texas Instruments.

Among them, Fast Semiconductor's products are the first to be listed. 1974 published a linear device with 500 units and a flat device with 100x 100 pixels.

Extended data:

CCD image sensor can directly convert optical signals into analog current signals, and the current signals are amplified and converted into analog signals, thus realizing image acquisition, storage, transmission, processing and reproduction. Its remarkable features are:

1. Small size and light weight;

2. Low power consumption, low working voltage, impact and vibration resistance, stable performance and long service life;

3. High sensitivity, low noise and large dynamic range;

4. Fast response, self-scanning function, small image distortion and no afterimage;

5. It is produced by VLSI technology, with high pixel integration, accurate size and low commercial production cost. Therefore, many instruments that use optical methods to measure the outer diameter use CCD devices as photoelectric receivers.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia -CCD