Li's evaluation article

Li: A literary expedition from land to space.

Editor's Note: Li is a famous reportage writer in China, and the second important writer to write science and technology reportage after Xu Chi. He paid close attention to China's space flight for 20 years, and created seven space trilogy, such as Flying to a Space Port, Out of the Global Village, A Dream Through the Ages, and Launching General. The Chinese Writers Association once again held his seminar on "General in the Water", which was based on the appreciation of his indomitable and persistent creative spirit. General Li, member of the Central Military Commission and director of the General Political Department, sent a congratulatory letter to. Li wrote in the letter: "I have carefully read your 500,000-word reportage new work" The General in the Water ",which you have devoted yourself to for many years, and I can't calm down for a long time." Launching General sets the story in a typical desolate Gobi desert environment, with the establishment and development of the first missile launching base in New China as the main line, the first missile, the first nuclear warhead and the first artificial satellite as the fulcrums, and uses vivid literary language to write a little-known and earth-shattering history. The story of the work is vivid and tortuous, the language is simple and fresh, the details are vivid and lifelike, and the report and literature, thoughts and images are organically integrated. It not only pays attention to depicting characters, but also pays attention to profound reflection on history; There is both a grand narrative of history and a subtle description of the characters' hearts. In a word, this is a rare space epic with literary and historical value and practical significance. "

Li's works have great emotional power.

the Chen Dynasty

Li is a writer who is very concerned about the high-tech development in China. The influence of his works is not only due to these revelations. His works have a broad vision and vivid characterization, which echoes the historical development of the country and has touching artistic charm. His works can be called the image chronicle of China's space industry and the heroic history of space figures. He not only wrote Seven Books on Space, but also China 863, The epicenter was in people's hearts and so on. "The epicenter is in people's hearts" is very touching, and this time it was shortlisted for Lu Xun Literature Award. These works all reflect Li's strong sense of responsibility and mission as a military writer. What I want to point out in particular is that this sense of responsibility and mission is manifested in him as a huge and heartfelt emotional force. Including this song "Launch General", it shows the author's sincere respect for the scientists on the high-tech front in China. Li served as a soldier in Xichang base. When he was a soldier, he had deep feelings for the aerospace industry and the pioneers engaged in the aerospace industry. All these are contained in his life experience and mental journey, and they are the emotional trees and flowers of his spiritual growth. I have read a lot of reportage. Emotional and unemotional are completely different. This is an important difference between excellent reportage writers and ordinary reportage writers. I also want to point out that Li's emotional tree and blooming emotional flowers are not empty praise and lyricism, but are expressed through the distinctive personality of the characters. I have read many novels and reportages about retired cadres. These works describe the loss, grievance, unwillingness and boredom of retired cadres. However, the generals in Li's works made us more moved and understood. He wrote the thickness of the general's martyrs in their twilight years, and wrote the general's life pursuit and spiritual realm. Although I also wrote some disappointments and complaints, it was more an eulogy of high-spirited and tragic life. I think this is the real hero twilight song. Therefore, I think Li's sense of mission and responsibility is first moved by his inner feelings, and then this feeling is transformed into a vivid portrayal. This is worthy of our thinking and admiration for reportage, and we hope that reportage can inspire us to further promote the development of reportage. (The author is the vice chairman of the Chinese Writers Association and a famous writer.)

This is a great event.

Hu

It's really not easy for Li Neng to make such a work. Writing a space collar requires a lot of interviews, facing the living, so reportage is difficult to write, because the space industry is empty, and many people will question the work after writing it. I am a layman in literature, especially reportage, but Li is my old comrade-in-arms and General Li Fuze is the god in my heart, so I must come. I think the author deserves generosity. He discussed the historical connotation of "two bombs and one satellite" from the perspective of national long-term interests, national security and national dignity. Decades of history, the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Cultural Revolution and so on. , seize the major events of each period, which reflects the whole process of creating heroes and promoting history. Although it is a big theme, the author not only looks up at the starry sky, but also pays more attention to being down-to-earth, starting from the nuances and writing people, things, feelings and scenery just right. The author has a deep astronaut complex, plus a lot of investigation, investigation and personal experience, which stems from the re-creation of life, making the description of the human environment as immersive and the portrayal of characters vivid; The description of feelings is incisive and touching. General Li Fuze's integrity, heroism, lofty sentiments, culture and thoughts are vividly described, as well as the stubbornness and frankness of the military commander who was badly beaten on the cruel battlefield. The author also wrote the general's indecent mantra, indicating that he is a man, not a god, and has the same living habits as ordinary people. He cursed cadres but loved soldiers like children, especially willing to listen to the opinions of front-line technicians. I remember the headquarters had a meeting before the launch and decided whether to fight or not. Many leaders and experts say this won't work, and that won't work, pushing it around. Finally, when no one was talking, Commander Li said: Launch the experiment, seven points of success, three points of adventure, and fight! The meeting will be over soon. This is a fearless revolutionary spirit and responsibility! The loneliness of decision makers is reflected in the old general at this moment. In a word, Li Fuze, the god of war on the launch site, is gone, but he will live in our hearts forever! (The author is the deputy commander-in-chief of China's manned spaceflight project)

Li is a writer with important contributions.

He Jianming

Li is a very important and outstanding reportage writer among contemporary reportage writers in China. His creative time is long and his achievements are outstanding. A particularly striking feature of his reportage works is that he completed the "Space Seven" in nearly 20 years. It is not easy for a writer to write the same topic for 20 years. Several places are not easy. First, his understanding and feelings about the theme of space are probably irreplaceable by any writer. Secondly, it is difficult to write the same theme, but each of his works has been promoted and sublimated, especially this one, Launch General, which is significantly different from other aerospace works. This is a new starting point for him. Secondly, Li's creation of other themes is also excellent. He has written more than 20 works, both military and local. I know a lot, such as "The epicenter is in people's hearts" about the Wenchuan earthquake. These works have played an important role in the creation of China literature and China reportage, and they are particularly important components. This is an important contribution of Li to. Therefore, both militarily and locally, Li's contribution is obvious. He is a very rich and cutting-edge writer and has made many contributions.

When discussing Li's works, I thought of the creation of current reportage and got some insights. First, whether reportage mainly reviews history or reflects reality. I think this is not just a subject matter, but an important issue that determines whether reportage can continue to be the horn of the times. There are many reasons why there are fewer and fewer realistic themes, and there are three main problems: first, it is difficult to write realistic themes, and the difficulty lies in the huge interview work that the author needs to pay. Second, we must face the living parties. In recent years, I have found a phenomenon that I have written more historical subjects. It is easy to write in front of the dead, but difficult to write in front of the living. Because the people and things written by the author, not only the author knows, but also many people know. For example, Li wrote this "launching general", and it is difficult to write such a person. Third, you can't just make up stories. These three problems have caused the particularity that realistic themes are difficult to write. This seems to be an academic problem, but in essence it is a problem of creative attitude. In fact, the first job of a truly excellent reportage lies in the interview, the scene and the materials on the scene, which is the most valuable and important thing in reportage. Ming Sheng handled this well, which I think is the most basic quality that an excellent reportage writer should possess. This is where I pay tribute to Ming Sheng. Secondly, I think there are few comments on reportage, which is also an important reason why contemporary reportage can't be known and familiar to the public, which makes the original brilliant reportage lose a large part of its light. Some critics don't know the real intention of the author's creation, and such comments can only be said to be superficial. Some critics seldom talk about things from the work itself, but judge the author according to their own likes and dislikes, or consider interpersonal relationships, ignoring the most basic thing, and not seeking truth from facts. I think this is also a big problem that affects the current development of reportage, and critics should attach great importance to it. Third, there is still a lack of in-depth research on the creative art of reportage. Fourthly, how other media can improve the social status and social function of reportage is also worthy of our study. Because novels have a good connection with TV and movies, reportage also needs to be connected with other media, especially film and television media, in order to really play its role. Today, the famous film director Li also attended the seminar. I think "Launch General" can be changed into a good film and television. Through this seminar, "Launch General" has really been pushed to a new height. (The author is the vice chairman of the Chinese Writers Association and a famous reportage writer.)

This is very enlightening for reportage creation.

beam

Li's artistic shock and achievements in space theme can't be compared with him in the whole country or even in the world. He has written a lot of macro things before, but "Launch General" combines macro and micro well; Besides, the author writes very well. The most difficult thing to write in reportage is the positive characters. How to write a good man, make you love reading and admire him, is the biggest test for writers. Li is good at macro grasp and full of passion. However, he didn't write this book before. He returned to the literary world and wrote down the general's life delicately and richly. Especially the chapter after the general was released from prison, which was very well written. The work is about his anxiety, pain, attachment and expectation after he stepped down from the glorious stage, which is very solid and valuable. I seldom see a soldier write this. In addition, there are two valuable things in the work. One is the handling of what happened in Jiuquan base area during the Cultural Revolution, which is very sensitive, but the author grasps it well; Another is the description of the Soviet big brother from cooperation to withdrawal, which is also difficult to write. I think these two parts are well written. Generally speaking, Launch General once again fully embodies Li's sense of responsibility and mission, and is one of Li's most mature works. This work really has great enlightenment to our present reportage creation, such as how to write a positive person, which deserves our consideration. (The author is the director of the creative research department of the Chinese Writers Association and a famous critic.)

Literary history can be rewritten.

William

When I read Li's General in the Water, I feel that I am reading a good novel, a good movie script, a good character drama and a good historical drama. Feeling is the feeling of a novel, but when you think about it, it is still reportage. If "Who is the cutest person" is prose reportage, I think "General in the Water" is novel reportage. Li turned the typical general into a living literary model with unique personality charm. This work perfectly unifies reporting and literature, documentary and literature, ideology and artistry, historical cognitive value and aesthetic value, appropriate political limit and artistic accuracy, as well as the five "W" of news and the "this one" of art. Where does this new aesthetic feeling come from? It comes from the new beauty and exploration of the works. After 30 years of reform and opening up, science has been marginalized. How to treat literature? Why do I mention the reporting function of reportage, instead of saying that authenticity and documentary authenticity are the fundamental aesthetic problems of all literature and art, which should be solved in all literary works, and should not be the characteristics of reportage. Documentary is an artistic style, and there is no right or wrong style. So I said that documentary is not the exclusive feature of reportage. Reportage is a combination of reportage and literature, recording and artistry. The relationship between novels and reportage is a bit like our feature films and documentaries. When shooting some documentaries, I sometimes feel that documentaries are also fake. So any truth is relative. The truth of film is inspired by film and camera, and the truth of literature is inspired by linear words. Life is sometimes unreal and unreliable, but art can be more real and reflect the essence of life. I think "Launching General" really achieves the unity of artistic truth and real life, and the combination of the two is very good. This is my first feeling. The second feeling is that "Launch General" has brought me a brand-new aesthetic feeling. This new aesthetic feeling comes from art, such as the detail of General Li Fuze's foot-picking, which is a real detail in life, but it becomes an artistic detail in his works. I don't think reportage can be fictional, but it can be imagined and must be imaginative. The launching general is full of artistic imagination. On the basis of his life, Li gave full play to his artistic imagination and artistic sublimation. The life reflected in his works is no longer life itself. This is the case with movies, and so is literature. The other is that the work has new discoveries in thought, and the writer has the courage to face reality and rational pursuit. For example, writing a story between Chinese and Soviet experts has new ideas and opinions, which is very touching. Besides, writing a good work requires physical strength, endurance and tenacity. Li's endurance and perseverance can be said to be amazing. And these plums have done it. In a word, The Launch General not only shows the charm of reportage itself, but also shows that the history of literature can be rewritten. So I look forward to more such reportage. (The author is a famous director of Bayi Film Factory)

The transition from history to poetry

Fan geyong

Reading General in the Water by Li overlaps with General Li Guang written by Sima Qian more than two thousand years ago. Li Guang fought bravely. Once he mistook the stone for a tiger and hit it with an arrow, but it penetrated the stone. Sima Qian used such details to make Li Guang vivid and immortal. General Li Fuze fought from the battlefield to the launch site, suffered greatly in the creation of the launch site, starved in the three-year catastrophe, and was punished in the Cultural Revolution. After all kinds of ups and downs, he always stands like a tree. This is his big day. What's rare is that "The General in the Water" combines big sections with details, which makes the image of the general in the water very smart, surpassing the formality and taboo of the older generation of generals in writing reportage. I saw a spiritual latitude of Li: he revived history through the transformation from "history" to "poetry", conveyed history poetically, and called for the return of a universal spirit-"China spirit" through vivid characters! Therefore, Launch General is not only a breakthrough of Li's previous space series, but also provides new experience for China's science and technology reportage and biographical literature. In addition, it can be seen that Li has indeed determined a spiritual latitude for reportage or writing great history, which is difficult for many writers to do. When Li talks with history, he can feel between the lines that he is calling for a kind of "China spirit", which is a remarkable feature of his works. Many reportages avoid reality, but seldom really care about people's livelihood, refining the spirit of China, which is out of proportion to our lives. I think reportage should advocate more reflection of reality, otherwise, the original reportage may deteriorate. At this point, I appreciate Li's reportage creation method. (The author is the former editor-in-chief and famous critic of Wenyi Bao)

Monuments commemorating military heroes and literati heroes

Feng

Today's reportage is no longer the expansion of news, and the definition of reportage should be re-standardized from the perspective of social observers, social critics and human conscience. I think Li's General in the Water is about the loyalty of a soldier and the wisdom of an intellectual, as well as his complicated tragic fate. In my opinion, Li wrote a figure like a god I yearn for. My god is a bit wild, so I like this general who went into the water. I think language is an important symbol of a writer's maturity. Ming Sheng's language is very good. For example, he wrote for 58 years, on the one hand, he burned his bridges and engaged in missiles, on the other hand, he engaged in the Great Leap Forward. After the disaster, he wrote a metaphor: the open field is in chaos, and the steelmaking furnace installed by indigenous methods is like a lonely grave. Who wrote such a Great Leap Forward? I think it's very concise. It's called simplicity. I thought we were talking about image. This is called image. There are also poems describing the sun, such as "Silent Don River". The sun in the sky is black; Wang Zhihuan wrote that the mountains cover the day and the setting sun is white. Li wrote about the sun in only eight words: looking down at the world, neither supercilious nor supercilious. Who would write about the sun like this? They write like this. This is his creation. And the ending is well written. It's about Li Fuze's splendid funeral, with guests coming one by one. This is a god-like figure in memory, solemn and brilliant. General Li Fuze represents both the People's Liberation Army and intellectuals, and only he deserves to enjoy such a funeral. Launching a general is a glorious monument dedicated to military heroes and literati heroes. So I brought a plaque today to show my respect for Li. The plaque reads: "Father of China Aerospace Literature". I think Lee deserves it. (The author is the editor-in-chief of Selected Novels and a famous critic. )

Li is a responsible writer.

shade of willow trees

I think the most important thing for reportage writers now is to take responsibility and write freely. Li is outstanding in this respect. He is a thoughtful and responsible writer, such as his launching general and the epicenter in people's hearts. Li is an outstanding and influential reportage writer who rose in the 1990s. He is the best reportage writer in science and technology after Xu Chi. His seven masterpieces of space theme constitute a unique and irreplaceable space series. But the seven works are different. He has been digging deep into the space field for a long time, which is precisely his advantage. His "General in the Water" has a distinct personality, which not only describes the harsh natural environment of the general's life, but also describes the complex social environment of the general's life. The author pays attention to showing the general's unique personality and rich spiritual world from the contradictions and conflicts between the characters and the natural environment and social environment. In this respect, he expressed it with a lot of vivid plots and rich details, and expressed it by literary means to make the image speak. He combined the report with literature very well, and many stories in the book left a deep impression on me. For example, the officers and men of the base have no food and have to play Elaeagnus angustifolia leaves to satisfy their hunger; After the scrawny victims grabbed the food, the general distributed the food to the victims, and so on. Some authors may avoid talking about these stories, but Li not only did not avoid talking about them, but also wrote them truthfully, showing us the seriousness of natural and man-made disasters and the general's deep love for the officials and the people. The author describes the general's process from anger to surprise, then to grief and then to pity in a very hierarchical way, showing us the shining spiritual world of the general, which is a profound excavation of human nature and a whipping of the "Left" line. This is Li's spirit. But some parts of the work are still not refined and polished enough. (The author is a former contemporary deputy editor and famous critic)

Detail charm of grand narrative

Peng Xueming

Li's reportage is good at detailed description. His "Launch General" still continues this style and strength, which fully embodies the charm of the details of the grand narrative. Many writers often ask only grand themes, ignoring the charm and strength of details. I didn't know that all works were displayed and attached through countless details. Literature is like a big tree, the theme is just a main pole, and the details are the roots and branches in the works, which is the place to maintain life. In reportage, grand narrative is often the most difficult to grasp. First, they are used to standing at the top of the subject matter, blindly focusing on the whole subject matter, thus treating grand theme events as political reading materials and literary narratives as political explanations, while ignoring the most essential thing of literature: art. Such works often have only a huge frame, but there is no rib connecting the frames, with bones but no flesh, skin and no bones, and are fake, big and empty. Second, people are used to standing in a humble position, self-effacing, and pushing people upward without restriction, thus treating little people as big people and big people as galeries lafayette or even gods, giving people a very unreal feeling. Li's "General in the Water" is also a big theme, a big vision and a big narrative, but it is not like this. He started small, paid attention to details, and made the grand theme return to the details of life, political events return to literature and art, and all kinds of characters return to their true colors, reflecting the essence of the times, life and characters with the details of the times, life and characters, which was vivid, true and rich. 500,000 words is not daunting, but I can't put it down. I read it in one breath because I was attracted by a lot of vivid details in the work. And all the details are for the characters, pointing to their hearts and spirits. One is the details of life. The details of life can vividly depict the personality of characters and enrich their images. The Launch General depicts the characters' personalities and enriches the characters' images through a lot of life details. For example, when Li Fuze was transferred to form a missile unit, Li used Li Fuze's "disobedience" and Xiao Ke personally urged this detail to describe the general's honest and frank integrity and the virtuous corporal of Xiao Ke. In the most difficult time, when all the leaves and grass roots were eaten up, through the details that all the soldiers did not finish a bowl of milk soup at last, the life-and-death friendship between soldiers in the hard years was portrayed. The second is the environmental details. The description of environment is often used to compare the psychological activities of characters. Li's delicate description of the environment often serves the soul and spiritual world of the characters. He is especially good at grasping some details of the environment and describing them, which makes us feel the soul and spirit of the characters in different environments. For example, when he first entered the frontier, he used the unique environmental details of the desert border where the antelope chased the car in the afterglow of the sunset, and used Li Fuze to stop the car to avoid the sudden death of the antelope chasing the car, which not only presented us with an extremely beautiful frontier scene, but also presented the beautiful mind of the general. Even in an extremely harsh environment, Li can convey a beautiful spiritual realm through bad details. For example, in the Gobi desert, Li conveyed the general's heart pain and care for the soldiers, as well as their simplicity and strength through environmental details such as freezing cold, sandstorms all over the sky and soldiers' nails falling off. Such details of life and environment can be found everywhere in the book. This makes the characters vivid, the works vivid, the characters and works rich and full, full of passion, full of life, vitality and vitality. The life, vigor and vitality of characters and works are the key to measure the Excellence of works. I hope Li's works can keep the vitality, vitality and vitality of this art forever. (The author is the deputy director of the creative research department of the Chinese Writers Association, a famous writer and critic.)

The feelings of intellectuals

Dr. Li Jianjun, MD

Li has his own subject area of special concern, but his spiritual vision is not limited to a narrow space. He has the feelings of intellectuals and the ambition of "historian", which makes him never satisfied with the simple narrative mode. In other words, in his realistic narration, we can always find a conscious effort to tell the truth, describe people and leave the next period of history. General in the Water embodies Li's consistent writing philosophy and literary spirit. In his heavy and solid works, the first thing I saw was the broad vision. Although he wrote about a special field, he showed us a portrait of an era. Like a novelist, the author is very good at narration, and in the pursuit of authenticity, he is as meticulous as a farmer who harvests crops. The works provide us with many valuable details to help us understand that distant and special era. Moreover, the details provided by the author about the Sino-Soviet relations at that time and the living conditions of "Soviet experts" at the launch base are vivid and precious: one meal of "Soviet experts" is enough for an ordinary China person to eat for half a year; In order to control the rocket launch in China, the Soviets played tricks. All narrative literary works, whether fictional or documentary, are inseparable from the writers, and we should strive to write about the living people and their real situation. Li Chenggong successfully created the image of Li Fuze, the "launching general"-angular, simple and kind, and a real good man. The author has a unique perspective on the analysis of Mao Zedong and Khrushchev's personality. His account of the fate of the unmarried China girl who was affected by the "kissing" storm made people cry. In short, the author pays great attention to writing people, analyzing the psychological content and personality characteristics of different characters, analyzing how the personality of "big man" affects the life of the times, and analyzing how the fate of "little man" is influenced by the life of the times. Interest and readability are very important qualities of literary works. Li has a strong narrative ability. Reading "Launching General" has the feeling of reading a novel, which is very interesting and enjoyable. (The author is a researcher and famous critic of China Academy of Social Sciences)

Li phenomenon is worth studying.

He Xiangyang

First of all, Li's article "Starting the General" is very interesting. I noticed that this 500,000-word reportage used 490,000 words to describe the life of General Li Fuze who devoted himself to Jiuquan launch base. Following the "Postscript" of the book 1 0,000 words, another reader from Jiuquan Launch Base specially presented "Shenzhou 7" from 1 0,956 to 2008. The latter is a way to write memorabilia. This writing layout is very interesting and meaningful. Li seems to be describing his reportage creation in this way, emphasizing the concept of writing people, the role of writing people in events, and the great role of writing subject's initiative in historical facts. I think this concern for "people" highlights the "literary" characteristics of reportage.

Secondly, starting from people, this book is about a sense of destiny. The same material, starting from "event" or "fate", presents a completely different literary view. In the past, when we wrote big events related to China's high technology, due to the limitation of the writing object, we often chose "events" as the starting point. Li is different. The detailed description of events in his book has never affected his interest and curiosity as a writer about the intertwined characters and historical destiny behind these events. I think this kind of conscious promotion of people's innermost feelings is a kind of consciousness of literature. A large number of historical details support the excavation of the fate of the characters in the depths of the incident. To some extent, General Li Fuze went from 1956 to Jiuquan Base, to his death from 1996, to his contribution to the founding of New China, and to the national space cause. In these decades, his personal fate is inseparable from the fate of the motherland, and the fate of the Republic is integrated with the fate of the characters in the book. In my opinion, how to write something vivid and full of vitality of a nation in epoch-making events and profound historical processes has provided us with valuable experience in reportage writing.

Thirdly, Li phenomenon deserves our serious study. His "Aerospace" series has completed seven books, each with hundreds of thousands of words, including about 7 million words of reportage on other subjects. The collection of tens of millions of words behind these millions of words is not only a matter of quantity, but also a huge literary engineering problem. I wonder, what keeps him passionate and enthusiastic about the "aerospace" cause, just his experience as a member of the launch base when he was young? It doesn't seem that simple. He has been tired of writing for 20 years. What strength is there to support his Historical Records? I think this is his profound recognition of historical responsibility. The cause of "aerospace" is a new history for our country, and it is also related to the prosperity of our nation. As a member of this cause, Li, who has become a writer, will never let himself put down his pen easily. When I read deeply, what I clearly saw was the solemnity and vigor of his writing, and from this came my deep respect for this mission cognition. (The author is the deputy director of the creative research department of the Chinese Writers Association and a famous critic.)