What is the secret of Stonehenge?

Stonehenge in Britain is one of the most spectacular megalithic cultural relics in the world, but it is also one of several unsolved mysteries of mankind.

In 2003, British archaeologists discovered an ancient tomb near Stonehenge. The owner of the tomb is Archer, an outstanding figure in more than 2300 BC. Archaeologists began to try to connect him with Stonehenge. ...

No one knows who built Stonehenge and why. Ancient legends and conjectures make Stonehenge unpredictable.

Salisbury, England is an ancient historical city, which is 20 kilometers away from London/KLOC-0. There is a small village near this ancient city called Amsberry, where the famous Stonehenge is located. In 65438, an English priest stumbled upon Stonehenge. Since then, this strange building composed of huge stones has begun to attract people's attention.

As early as 1950s, archaeologists concluded that Stonehenge had a history of at least several thousand years. The main body of Stonehenge consists of dozens of huge stone pillars, which are arranged in several complete concentric circles. Stonehenge is surrounded by circular trenches and mounds with a diameter of about 90 meters, and there are 56 circular pits inside, which are also called "Aubrey" pits.

The most incredible thing about Stonehenge is the huge stone in the center of Stonehenge. The highest height of these stones is 8 meters and the average weight is close to 30 tons. There are many huge stones weighing 7 tons across the stone pillar.

There is an English legend that in the 5th century, Merlin, the court wizard of King Arthur, brought Stonehenge from Ireland with divine power as a memorial to King Arthur's subordinates.

Legends and guesses

Archaeologists don't believe in divine power. They think Stonehenge came from artificial hands.

/kloc-In the 7th century, King James I of England sent an architect to investigate the origin of Stonehenge, which the architect thought was a Roman temple. From 55 to 54 BC, Rome invaded Britain twice and ruled for nearly 300 years. But archaeologists deny this statement.

1863, a British court doctor thought that the Danish army invaded Britain in the 8th century to 10 century, and they probably built Stonehenge. However, according to research, Stonehenge was built in 2800 BC, which is not true.

At 1954, a photographer photographed a mysterious flying object flying over Stonehenge. 1986, another UFO was found nearby. Ten years later, a tourist took pictures of UFOs flying in procession. UFO researchers believe that Stonehenge is probably the secret base for aliens to visit the Earth.

1992, British Gordon suggested that Stonehenge might be an economic and trade market and a sports track. Archaeologists did dig up gold, silver and bronze vessels at Stonehenge, but it was about 200 years after Stonehenge was built, and Gordon's theory was also rejected.

Ancient computers?

1963, Hawkins, an astronomy professor at Boston University, made an amazing inference: Stonehenge can predict and calculate the orbits of the sun and the moon!

Hawkins came across a record when consulting ancient books: in 50 BC, Diodenos, an ancient Greek historian, mentioned in his book that there was a magnificent temple of the sun in England, and the moon god visited it every 19 years.

Does this record mean that the eclipse can be observed locally? Hawkins and others used the most advanced computer to get the result that Stonehenge can really calculate the cycle of solar eclipse! He thinks Stonehenge is the oldest stone computer in mankind.

Hawkins' theory caused a great shock. However, decades later, British scientists have a new explanation.

1997, British scientists discovered that Stonehenge has amazing acoustic characteristics. Scientists put the recording equipment into some huge stones, and found that the huge flat stones that make up Stonehenge can radiate the echo inside Stonehenge very accurately and concentrate it in the center of Stonehenge, forming a * * * sound effect.

Wessex people

Scientists speculate that Stonehenge may be a place of ancient sacrifice.

In the17th century, some people thought that Stonehenge was a place of worship for Druids during Roman rule.

According to legend, the druids built Stonehenge to worship the sun god. Druidism is a religion believed by Celts scattered in Britain, Ireland and other places from 5th century BC to/kloc-0th century BC. It is said that the forms and teachings of druidism are very mysterious.

There are more than 900 Stonehenge in Britain. Researchers believe that Stonehenge undoubtedly reflects the power of a religion.

British archaeologists began a large-scale archaeological excavation in the 1980s. After textual research, it is found that from 4000 BC to 3000 BC, Stonehenge was surrounded by virgin forests, where a primitive tribe named Wessex thrived. They were probably the original builders of Stonehenge.

Ancient tomb collection

However, another archaeological excavation more than 20 years later gave the builders of Stonehenge a new identity.

In 2003, archaeologists discovered an ancient tomb not far from Stonehenge, and unearthed more than 100 funerary objects, including gold, silver, copper and other decorations. The number of funerary objects was 10 times that of tombs of the same period. After textual research, the owner of the tomb is very prominent and is an archer.

Archer lived around 2300 BC, which happened to be the period when Stonehenge was formed. Archaeologists found that most of the funerary objects in Archer's tomb came from the Alps. Judging from the shape and damage of Archer's teeth, he spent his childhood in the Alps, and he is likely to come from Switzerland or Austria.

If Archer built Stonehenge, then Stonehenge, regarded as an ancient symbol of Britain, would be the work of an outsider.

Experts speculate that Wessex and Archers may have participated in the construction of Stonehenge thousands of years ago, but from the time when they lived separately, it can be seen that the construction of Stonehenge has gone through a long period.

Architectural history

Stonehenge has a history of 1000 years, which means a stone hanging high in the sky in old English.

In 1950s, archaeologists discovered that the construction period of Stonehenge may have gone through three stages.

The first stage can be traced back to the late Neolithic period around 2800 BC. But at that time, there were no boulders, only a circular earth embankment that could accommodate hundreds of people was built, and 56 round pits were dug on the earth embankment.

The second stage was the early bronze age in 2000 BC, when people rebuilt the entrance of Stonehenge and laid trenches and two 500-meter-long sidewalks. Four stone pillars called "Steichen Stone Monument" stand in Stonehenge. People also erected two circles of blue sandstone pillars in the center, but the project suddenly fell by the wayside.

In BC 1000, when the building entered the third stage, people brought more than 100 huge sandstone rocks and built an outer circle with more than 30 stone pillars. In the middle of the third stage, many blue sandstone columns were arranged inside the five stone monuments, of which blue sandstone columns have been preserved to this day.

Mining and transporting blue sandstone

How did these huge stones get from the quarry in South Wales to Stonehenge in Salisbury?

Stonehenge's blue sandstone ranges from 5 tons to 50 tons and comes from the Priscilla Mountains in South Wales, 400 kilometers away. Archaeologists found abandoned stone axes and metal tools in quarries, which have a history of at least 2000 years.

Within 30 kilometers of Stonehenge, there are a lot of ordinary rocks used for construction. Why do builders go further and further? Some people think that these blue sandstones may have unusual religious significance in people's minds at that time.

Experts believe that the blue sandstone came to Stonehenge by human transportation, of which the waterway is more than 300 kilometers long. Experts speculate that people were able to build ships carrying huge stones at that time.

How is the land journey of more than 40 kilometers carried out? Researchers believe that ancient people used trees as rollers and crowbars, and bark could make strong ropes.

1990, experts tried to transport a boulder weighing 25 tons with the tools and transportation methods of thousands of years ago, but only moved the boulder 100 meter. 1998, British archaeologist Julian decided to use the oldest method to transport a boulder with a length of 8 meters and a weight of 40 tons. In order to prevent the log from being crushed by the boulder, he put the log on the wooden railing and coated the railing with grease. 130 More than 30 volunteers quickly removed the boulder slowly. The experiment speculated that it took at least 30 million man-hours to build Stonehenge at that time, and the number of people needed exceeded several thousand.

unsolved mystery

How did the ancients accurately erect huge stones and put beams at the top of the columns?

When the ancients erected stones, they generally used the method of digging holes first and then erecting them. Julian experimented in this way. But because the boulder is too heavy, it can't be completely vertical. Finally, the researchers designed an A-shaped bracket to enable volunteers to pull up the boulder.

The most difficult thing to build Stonehenge is to lift the beams. Experts found that each upright stone pillar has a semi-circular tenon at the top, and the tenon is accurately embedded in the tenon hole cut under the beam.

Julian analysis, the ancients may use "stacking method" to lift the beam, that is, pile up a wooden frame at a distance of 1 m from the stone pillar, slowly move the beam into place, pry up one end of the beam with a long wooden pole, and quickly put a cushion under the boulder until the wooden frame rises to the same height as the top of the stone pillar.

Nowadays, people continue to speculate and verify how Stonehenge was built.

For a long time, Stonehenge has attracted people's attention. Perhaps this is a huge puzzle that ancient ancestors deliberately left to future generations.