Hangzhou’s historical building protection enters its 10th year, 247 buildings have been repaired

The most beautiful season in Hangzhou has arrived. Walking on Beishan Road, stepping on the golden sycamore leaves on the ground, and visiting the old houses of the Republic of China, it seems to take you through time and space.

Except for a small number of these old houses that carry rich historical and cultural relics and are listed as culturally protected buildings due to their extremely high historical and cultural value, a large number of them are scattered and hidden in the corners of the city.

Hangzhou is picking them up little by little, just like those memories that are gradually blurring, and the nostalgia that will never be cut off.

Since the first batch of historical buildings were announced in Hangzhou in 2004, the protection of historical buildings in Hangzhou has entered its tenth year. In the past ten years, a total of 247 historical buildings, including Baoqing Villa, Runlu, Xilu, etc., and 26 historical and cultural blocks such as Xiaohezhi Street, Zhongshan South Road, Qiaoxi, and Wuliu Lane have been protected and repaired.

A few days ago, the sixth batch of historical building protection plans was officially announced. The content of this announcement is to determine the protection requirements and scope of protection for each historic protected building in this batch.

In the past ten years, Hangzhou has found its own "Hangzhou model" in the protection and utilization of historical buildings.

Every historical building

has an “identity card”

The 53 public buildings are scattered in the streets and alleys of Hangzhou. In addition to a group of traditional houses, the impressive buildings also include industrial relics and underground projects such as the machine repair workshop complex of Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Scissor Factory, Building No. 7041, and underground civil air defense projects.

If Hangzhou is compared to a history book, then the old houses one after another are volumes. The profound history and rich life are all reflected in its bricks and tiles. In 2013, the long-awaited "Hangzhou Municipal Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Blocks and Historic Buildings" was officially implemented, providing Hangzhou with a large protective umbrella for historical and cultural blocks and historical buildings.

The most striking thing in the "Regulations" is the new "preservation" policy, that is, during urban construction and old city renovation, as long as other buildings that may (suspected) have protection value are discovered, Relevant units or individuals should immediately take temporary protection measures and promptly issue notices of suspension of construction activities to construction units, owners, users, etc. It is included in the preliminary list, and "protection first, then demonstration, and orderly supplementation" is implemented, and it is considered in advance during urban planning and construction projects, changing the passive situation of "planning first, protection later".

"'Pre-protection' is to use more power to supervise and prevent old houses and buildings from becoming victims of urban construction." Zhang Shuheng, a researcher at the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, told reporters that border protection Maintenance on the side solved many long-term accumulated problems.

In order to make the daily protection and repair of historical buildings more standardized, the Hangzhou Historic Building Protection Center also tailors its own "Usage Manual" for each old house - Guidelines for the Protection of Historic Buildings .

This year, the first batch of "Guidelines for the Protection and Use of Historic Buildings" for 40 historical buildings were released. The "Guidelines" are like an "ID card" for historical buildings, with one volume for each room. In addition to marking the style and historical evolution of the building, it also clarifies with pictures and texts the detailed parts and spaces of the building that need to be protected, even down to the details of the building. a window and a fireplace. It provides an important basis for the future protection and repair of historical buildings.

Use new techniques for repairs

Put on thermal insulation and moisture-proof coats for old houses

Go north along Huansha Road, cross Jiefang Road and walk for less than 150 meters , turn right, and arrive at Pingyuanli. This historical building complex, built in the 1920s, is a typical Western-style two-story lane building during the Republic of China. The towering arch entrance and Shikumen buildings are built one next to another, highlighting the strong style of the Republic of China. In the first half of this year, the Pingyuanli historical building complex officially completed its renovation.

Before the implementation of the renovation project, there were a total of 119 households in the historical building complex. More than 20 households lived in the densest wall gate, and the smallest household only had a few square meters. . Due to the high density of living and high intensity of use, a series of problems such as roof leakage, mildew and deformation of wooden structures, and damage to facades are common in houses.

For the renovation project in Pingyuanli, the technical staff combined the Zhejiang Province research project on energy-saving renovation of old houses with wooden and brick structures and carried out energy-saving renovation projects at No. 10 and No. 12 in Pingyuanli. Improve pilot projects.

"Just like how the popsicles in the popsicle truck do not melt in the winter, we have also put special thermal insulation and moisture-proof 'coats' on the two pilot buildings in Pingyuanli from head to toe." Ping Zhu Jiang, the person in charge of the energy-saving renovation project of Yuanli historical buildings, took reporters to visit and explain one by one.

The old roof in Pingyuanli has a very simple structure. The ribs are laid with pads, and the pads are covered with tiles. They are not waterproof, windproof, or dustproof. Now, the renovated roof has five layers of materials. Between the tiles and the suspended ceiling, dust-proof filters, waterproof material layers, and insulation boards are added.

As for the insulation of the exterior walls of the building, a 2-3 cm thick insulation layer is painted on the interior walls.

Hangzhou Model

The first policy of “encouraging out-migration and allowing self-preservation”

There have always been two major problems in renovation.

The first problem is the difficulty of combining the protection of historical architectural style with the needs of modern use. On the one hand, according to the "authenticity" protection requirements, historical buildings must not change their historical appearance during daily use. On the other hand, most of the historical buildings in Hangzhou are mainly made of wood or brick-wood structures, and their functional facilities are generally backward, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern living.

The second problem is that it is difficult to unify the overall protection of historical buildings with the individual interests of residents. The property rights of historical buildings in Hangzhou are complex, and the phenomenon of "seventy-two tenants" with single-family buildings and mixed property rights is common. Residents have various interests and demands in protection and renovation.

Under such a complex situation, Hangzhou has created a "classified protection, comprehensive protection" model, integrating the protection of historical buildings with the protection of the West Lake, the canal, the protection of the Southern Song Dynasty imperial city sites, and the improvement of dilapidated houses, etc. Level-level key projects are organically combined to implement comprehensive protection and organic renewal: while repairing the buildings and restoring their historical features, they also rationally add kitchen and bathroom, sewage, fire protection and other supporting facilities.

Taking into account the difficulty in unifying the overall protection of historical buildings and the individual interests of residents, Hangzhou took the lead in proposing and implementing the policy of "encouraging out-migration and allowing self-protection" nationwide, allowing residents to Choose different resettlement methods on your own, and give certain rewards to those who choose monetary resettlement and relocation. Those who choose to relocate back to the original place will be resettled in equal areas within the same relocation range. Property owners are allowed to protect and repair themselves according to the plan, which ensures reasonable choices for property owners. rights, and explore the path to the protection of Hangzhou characteristics.