Ferdinand von richthofen's works

With the support of the Prussian government, Richthofen devoted himself to sorting out and writing his monograph "Geographical and Geological Survey of China". From 1877 to 19 12, it took 35 years to complete the macro book China-Personal Travel and the research results based on it (China for short). The book consists of five volumes and two sets of geographical and geological atlas.

The first volume was published in 1877 and was written by him. This paper mainly discusses the geographical overview of Central Asia and China, among which the historical geography of China is more abundant and precious.

The second volume, published by 1882, is edited by myself, mainly including the nature, geology, mineral resources, social economy and other contents in this area, involving Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu, Shaanxi and Henan.

This volume contains the most abundant contents: Wutai greenstone schist discovered in Wutai Mountain in 1822 laid the foundation for the establishment of China paleostratigraphic system-Cambrian Wutai System (upper part) and Hutuo System (lower part); 187 1 put forward the word "sinian system", and named a large group of strata dominated by carbonate rocks from early Paleozoic to Proterozoic as sinian system based on the outcropping strata in Beijing Nankou; The Qilian Mountains were inspected in the southern edge of Hexi Corridor, some of which were named after themselves, and the geographical locations of Lop Nur and Loulan sites were also pointed out. The ancient road of Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions in Han Dynasty was called "Silk Road". In the investigation of North China and Northwest China, the "aeolian theory" of loess genesis was put forward.

The third volume, published in 19 12, is the last of the five volumes. It was edited by his student E. Dyson, when Richthofen had been dead for seven years. This volume contains Li's investigation records and materials in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi. Among them, areas that Li has never been to, such as Guizhou and Tibet, were also compiled with the help of other people's information.

The fourth volume, published in 1883, mainly collects paleontological fossils collected in the investigation, conducts identification and research, and invites famous paleontologists of various categories to identify, describe and classify them. These paleontologists include F. Flynn Selenium, E. Kesher, G. Linster Lom, C. Xie Valore, A. Xie Hengke, etc. , and collected the most precious information and pictures during the investigation.

The fifth volume was published in 19 1 1, edited by Dyson.

The first volume of the two episodes was compiled by Li Yu in 1884 and published in 1885, including 12 geological and geographical maps of northern China. The second volume edited by Dr. M. Golol in 19 12 contains 15 geographical and geological maps belonging to southern China. When compiling the atlas, other people's documents and maps were also consulted, and there were 160 kinds of officially published materials, which reflected the understanding of China's geography and geology at that time. Ferdinand von richthofen (1833- 1905) is a famous German geographer and geologist. 1833 was born in Karlsruhe, Baden-Wü rttemberg, and 1856 graduated from the University of Berlin. In the early days, I investigated the geology of Alps and Carpathians, and studied the genesis of granite, volcanic rocks, dolomite and coral.

1860 and 1868, Richthofen visited China twice to investigate geography and geology. 1872 became famous after returning to Germany. He was once employed as a professor at the University of Berlin, the University of Bonn and the University of Leipzig, served as the president of the University of Berlin, was re-elected as the president of the Berlin Geographical Society, and was elected as the president of the International Geographical Society and an academician of the German-French Academy of Sciences.