Which ethnic group wears clothes called Hanfu?

1. Han nationality

The main features of Hanfu are crossed collars, right gussets, waistbands, tied with ropes, and hooks, etc., giving people a free and elegant impression. These characteristics are obviously different from the costumes of other ethnic groups. Hanfu Hanfu can be divided into formal clothes and regular clothes.

From the shape point of view, there are mainly types such as "top and lower skirt" system, "deep clothing" system, and "skirt" system. Men often wear crowns, scarves, hats, etc. in various shapes. Women's buns can also be combed into various styles, and various ornaments such as beads and flowers can be worn on the buns. Both sides of the temples are decorated with sideburns, and some wear curtain hats and hijabs. Another important feature of Han people's decoration is that they like to decorate with jade pendants.

2. Zhuang Nationality

The Zhuang nationality's men's clothing is mostly Tang suit with open chest and open breast. It is made of local homespun cloth. They do not wear trousers and have a short collar and open breast with a row of cloth buttons sewn on. Zhuang costumes have a pair of small pockets sewn on the chest and two large pockets on the abdomen. The hem is folded inwards to form a wide edge, with symmetrical slits on the left and right sides of the lower edge. Wear wide trousers, short to below the knee. Some wear leggings and turbans.

Wear shoes and a hat (or a black headscarf) in winter, and barefoot in summer. Wear cloud-toe canvas shoes or double hook-toe duckbill shoes during festivals or when visiting relatives. Wear straw sandals when working.

The clothing of Zhuang women is dignified, simple and elegant. Their general clothing is blue and black, with slightly wider trousers, colorful printed or jacquard towels on their heads, and delicate aprons tied around their waists. Wear navy blue or dark blue short-collared right-paneled tops (some are embroidered with colorful lace on the neck, cuffs, and bottom of the placket). They are divided into two types: double-breasted and partial-breasted, with and without collars.

There is a hidden pocket hidden in the front of the abdominal placket, and several pairs of cloth knotted buttons are sewn along the edge of the placket. In remote mountainous areas, Zhuang women still wear open-breasted clothes without collars, embroidered with five-color patterns and decorated with railings. Wear wide, fat black trousers (sometimes with two stripes of different colors on the edges of the trousers), an apron tied around the waist, and blue, red, and green silk and cotton gussets on the knees of the trousers. Wear straw sandals and shoulder pads when working.

Wear embroidered shoes when going to fairs, singing venues or festivals. Zhuang women generally like to wear earrings, bracelets and necklaces. The colors of clothing and small accessories worn vary slightly from place to place. There are two schools of thought in the length of tops. In most areas, tops are short to the waist, and in a few areas, tops are long to the knees.

3. Tibetan people

The clothing of Tibetan people is mainly traditional Tibetan clothes, which are characterized by long sleeves, wide waists and large lapels. Women wear long-sleeved robes in winter and sleeveless robes in summer, shirts of various colors and patterns, and a colorful patterned aprons tied in front of their waists. Tibetan compatriots particularly love "Hatha" and regard it as the most precious gift.

"Hata" is a snow-white fabric, usually about 20 to 30 centimeters wide and one to two meters long. It is woven with yarn or silk. It is worn every time there is a happy event, or the arrival of distant guests, or a visit. When respecting an elder or saying goodbye to someone traveling far away, a hada must be offered as a mark of respect.

The most basic characteristics of Tibetan costumes are fat waist, long sleeves, large lapels, right lapels, long skirts, long boots, braided hair, gold, silver, pearls and jade jewelry, etc. Due to the long-term closed existence, the vertical difference in the development of Tibetan costumes is not large, and the changes in its tone are also small. The shape and texture of Tibetan clothing largely depend on the ecological environment in which the Tibetan people live and the production and lifestyle formed on this basis.

Tibetan robes are the common clothing of the Tibetan people and are also the most striking feature that distinguishes them from other ethnic groups. The basic characteristics of Tibetan clothing are fat, long sleeves, wide waist, and right lapel. It is a straight-line clothing that does not require tailoring. The sleeves are body-length and the robe is longer than the body, no buttons required. The most exquisite features of Tibetan robes are the trimmings, sleeves, and placket. The bottom of the garment is often trimmed with precious fur and silk piping, and the underwear is usually a white satin shirt.

The main materials for clothing in pastoral areas are fur, while in agricultural areas, "Pulu" is mostly used. Tibetan men all wear Tibetan robes. Tibetan robes have neither pockets nor buttons. A belt is tied around the waist, and the chest protrudes into a large luggage bag, which can be filled with personal belongings, such as wooden bowls, tsampa bags, and butter boxes; even babies can be put in it.

Tibetans often wear Tibetan robes with one sleeve and the other sleeve pulled from the back to the front. This custom is closely related to the local plateau climate. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has a large temperature difference between day and night. Tibetan people often use the phrase "one mountain has four seasons and ten miles has different weather" to describe the changeable weather. Even in summer, it is cold in the morning and hot at noon.

Herdsmen have to wear warm Tibetan robes when going out. At noon, the heat becomes unbearable, so they have to wear one sleeve, or even no sleeves at all, and tie them around the waist. In the evening, the weather turns cold again, and I have to put on both sleeves. Tibetan herdsmen sometimes travel far from home and stay out at night, so they often use loose clothes to cover themselves and warm themselves up. It can be seen that the Tibetan robe has multiple uses and is also an indispensable daily clothing for the Tibetan people.

4. Tujia people

Tujia men used to wear pipa-collared jackets and blue silk headbands. Women wear left-sleeved coats with two or three laces, relatively wide sleeves, rimmed trousers or eight-piece skirts, and like to wear various gold, silver, and jade ornaments. Tujia people's daily attire no longer has ethnic characteristics. Only during festive festivals, grand gatherings or remote mountain villages can they have the opportunity to show off their traditional ethnic costumes.

5. Miao Nationality

The Miao Nationality is widely distributed and has many branches. There are obvious regional differences in clothing. The more typical attire of women is short tops and pleated skirts. In the past, Miao clothing was mainly made of linen and homespun, and unique batik and embroidery techniques were commonly used.

Skirts are mostly white or cyan, and the materials, colors, styles, embroidery, etc. of the clothing are all very ethnic-style.

The most common accessories are silver jewelry for the head, neck, chest and hands. The Miao silver jewelry is second to none among all ethnic jewelry. The colorful clothing culture fully demonstrates the intelligence and intelligence of the Miao people, and it still maintains its own national characteristics.

The Miao bird clothes in Baibei Village, Xinghuashui Township, Rongjiang County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province are embroidered with the national intangible cultural heritage "Miao Embroidery". It is made of Miao homespun cloth and brocade silk in red, yellow, green, blue and other colors. The breast pocket, waist and other parts are embroidered with various natural symbols such as flowers, birds, insects, fish, butterflies, and the sun. The skirt is composed of several It is composed of block embroidery and batik, and the bottom circle is a row of beautiful bird feathers.

Extended information:

China has been a multi-ethnic country since ancient times. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were 56 ethnic groups officially confirmed by central government surveys and statistics. The 56 ethnic groups are: Han, Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, and Uyghur. Tujia, Yi, Mongolian, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Kazak, Li, Dai, She, Lisu, Gelao, Dongxiang, Gaoshan, Lahu , Shui, Wa, Naxi, Qiang, Tu, Mulao, Xibo, Kirgiz, Daur;

Jingpo, Maonan, Salar, Bulang, Tajik, Achang, Pumi, Ewenki, Nu, Jing, Jinuo, Deang, Baoan, Russian, Yugur, Uzbek, Monba, Oroqen, Dulong, Tatar, Hezhen, and Lhoba ethnic groups.

The characteristics of the distribution of China's various ethnic groups are: living in large groups, small groups, and intertwined living. There are ethnic minorities living in concentrated areas in Han areas, and Han ethnic groups living in ethnic minority areas. This distribution pattern is formed by the interactions and flows among various ethnic groups during the long-term historical development process.

Although China's ethnic minority population is small, it is widely distributed. Ethnic minorities live in every province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government across the country, and most county-level units have more than two ethnic groups living there.

On November 1, 2010, the sixth national census showed that among the population of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and active military personnel in mainland China, the Han population was 1225,932,641, accounting for 91.51%; various ethnic minorities The population is 113,792,211, accounting for 8.49%. Compared with the fifth national census in 2000, the Han population increased by 66,537,177 people, an increase of 5.74%; the population of various ethnic minorities increased by 7,362,627 people, an increase of 6.92%.

The Han nationality, formerly known as the Huaxia nationality, is the dominant ethnic group in China and the most populous ethnic group in the world. It is the descendant of the tribes of Huangdi and Yandi in ancient times, and the descendants of Yan and Huang. The Han nationality was formerly known as Han people after the Han Dynasty in China. The Han Dynasty was previously called "Huaxia" or "Zhuxia". The Han nationality is also a nation with an uninterrupted history and a long history. It is also the most populous nation in the world. The national costume of the Han people is Hanfu.

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