Techniques of autumn photography

Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? Taking pictures is the simplest thing in the world. You choose the subject, press the shutter, and you capture a moment, which will become a precious memory in time. Let me introduce the skills of autumn photography to you. Interested in studying together!

Autumn photography skills 1. Composition principle

You must learn to observe the scene and surrounding environment through the lens and choose the best shooting point to get the most satisfactory composition. When framing and composition, you need to pay attention to the following points:

Prominent theme

Before shooting, you should "make up your mind" as before painting, and consider what the picture mainly shows and where the main body is arranged. Then through light, color, line, shape and other modeling means, to achieve the purpose of highlighting the main body.

Visual balance

A photo with a balanced composition can give people a sense of stability and harmony. There are two kinds of balance: symmetric balance and asymmetric balance. Asymmetric balanced combinations are usually more dynamic than symmetric balanced combinations. The size, shape, weight and direction of the scene, as well as the color, have an important influence on the visual balance.

Virtual reality sets each other off.

Virtual reality refers to the clarity and ambiguity between the subject and the foreground and background of space. The technique used is nothing more than hiding the virtual and showing the real, alternating the virtual and the real, and supporting the real with the virtual. Its purpose is to highlight the main body, render the atmosphere and enhance the sense of space depth. Reality mainly represents the subject of the subject; Imagination is mainly to show the subject's companions to set off the subject, which is an important link in the artistic conception of the picture.

Pay attention to the composition of rhythm and melody photography, and the subjects appear alternately in the same or similar form and repeat in order, thus forming rhythm; If the rhythm shows dynamic changes such as lines, comfort, harmony and ups and downs, it becomes a melody, thus making the picture beautiful, lyrical and smooth. Rhythm and melody are important links to deepen the theme, which are included in the contrast and tone of lines, colors and light.

simple

Photography is actually "subtraction", that is to say, it is best to remove all the objects irrelevant to the theme from the picture, and the simpler the better. Especially for beginners, composition should start with simplicity.

sky

The sky is a very important part in landscape photography. Many times the sky is the main part of composition, and the beauty of many natural imaginations in nature is enough to shock people. Therefore, a good photographer should always pay attention to the changes of the weather, so as to sum up some natural laws, such as the sunset glow after the rain is the most beautiful, if the sun shines after the rain, you will see a rainbow and so on.

reference substance

Sometimes it is difficult for us to judge the actual size of an object only by the scenery in the photo, but we can "feel" the size of the scene through familiar references. This kind of reference is usually used to express the majesty and magnificence of nature.

Second, the use of light.

The success of photography depends largely on the use of light. Light directly affects color and hue, lines and shapes. Therefore, in the same scenic spot, shooting the same scenery, if the light is different, will produce different composition artistic conception and different atmosphere photos.

Front lighting

The light comes from the front of the scene, the scene will not have shadows, the contrast is small, and its colors, lines, shapes and atmosphere can be truly expressed.

Side lamp

When the light comes from one side of the scene, the scene will produce shadows and contrasts, thus highlighting the shapes, lines and textures, resulting in changeable composition. This is often used in photography.

Backlighting

The light comes from the back of the shooting scene, and most of the scene is in the shadow, while the strong contour light can evenly show the clear shape of the object, thus creating a bright and concise picture.

diffused light

In this light, the scenery has no obvious contrast, and the color tone is dull and has little change. So the shape, lines and texture of the scenery are not obvious.

Third, the use of lines.

Lines are the skeleton of composition. Any visual work is inseparable from lines.

There are usually trees, grass, telephone poles, rivers, waves and so on. Different lines can give people different visual images. After reading this, please add my personal micro signal: jieyel. Friends share wonderful photography skills and fashion blockbusters every day. Let's continue to say, for example, horizontal lines can express stability and tranquility, vertical lines can express solemnity and strength, diagonal lines have vitality, vitality and movement, and curves and wavy lines appear weak and leisurely. Thick line is heavy, thin line is light, thick line is strong, thin line is weak, solid line is static and dotted line is moving, which is used incisively and vividly in composition.

Fourth, the subject matter of shooting

Fog shooting

The foggy scenery is beautiful, the picture is interesting, fresh and elegant, like an ink painting. In the vast and flat fields, the fog is relatively stable, and photographers can calmly conceive and create; The fog in the mountainous area is changeable, so the photographer should seize the opportunity and press the shutter when the main body is half covered and half covered.

Nature in the fog seems to be absent, sometimes hidden and sometimes present, giving the viewer a sense of fairyland visually. However, travel photographers should understand that if the fog is too thick, it is not suitable for photography.

The light in foggy days is scattered light, so it is difficult to show the shape of the object and the color of the picture. Closer shots are clearer, and the farther the scene is, the more blurred it is. When choosing a scene, a tourist photographer should shoot a scene with a certain outline and contrast color; Handle the relationship between foreground and background, and show the level of the picture.

Photographers can add colorful flowers to the foreground, or arrange a model wearing red clothes (or other props) to decorate the whole painting, thus creating a strong visual contrast. In a single-tone scene, as long as there are several objects of different colors in it, this object is particularly conspicuous, which is the principle of color contrast. It should be noted that in composition, the proportion of scenes with prominent colors should not be too large, otherwise the visual effect of fog scene will be destroyed.

When shooting a foggy scene, the exposure should be appropriately increased by 1EV. If you want to take high-profile landscape photos, the exposure can be increased by 1.5-2EV. Although fog is mostly scattered light, we can observe the direction of sunlight carefully, but there are still some disadvantages. In the case of forward light, the picture should be flat, and in the case of backward light, a fog scene can be taken, which can increase the perspective effect of the picture.

By the way, the fog is humid, so tourists should pay attention to protect delicate cameras from moisture. They should take them out of their bags when they need to shoot, and put them in the drying oven to absorb water in time after traveling home.

How to shoot sunrise and sunset

When shooting the sunrise on the mountain, you should know the time and direction of sunrise in advance, arrange the picture according to the far and near scenery, and choose the shooting point.

If there are no clouds in the sky, the fiery red sun will suddenly appear. When the red sun is just round, it is a good time to shoot. With a little hesitation, the unique red color of the rising sun will quickly disappear.

If there are low clouds in the sky, it will often cover the red sun, but bright colors will often appear between the clouds. In order to improve the success rate of shooting, several exposure schemes can be designed for combined shooting.

At sunset, the sun looks big and round. If there are red clouds around, the scenery is quite charming. In order to expose correctly, several exposure schemes should be designed to combine shooting.

Waterscape shooting

Tourism, where people go, is nothing more than mountains and rivers, from rivers and lakes to mountains and streams. The so-called mountains and rivers have another scene, so the shooting of waterscape occupies a very important part in landscape photography. The shooting of water features can be roughly divided into: beaches, rivers, streams, lakes and so on.

When shooting scenery at the seaside, the beach often looks empty. Photographers should pay more attention to observation and thinking when choosing pictures, and properly choose and arrange the foreground (rocks and coconut trees), the middle scene (fishing boats sailing at sea) and the distant scene (clouds on the horizon). They should also pay attention to the balance of sea level when taking photos at the seaside, otherwise the striking diagonal lines in the photos will make viewers feel uncomfortable.

At the same time, because the beach line has not changed, the photographer can choose a higher position and shoot obliquely with the waves or the beach to create a visual effect. Banners are relatively used for composition to show the breadth of the sea. Here, you can also tell the photographer a way. If the sky is cloudless and the picture is dull, you can install rainbow mirror in front of the camera, and the shooting effect will give you a bright surprise.

When shooting the river, the photographer should cut off the curved part of the river, guide people's sight with curves, pay attention to adjusting different tone levels, and use the flowers and trees on the shore as the foreground. When shooting rivers (seascapes) in the morning and evening, you can take more photos by increasing or decreasing the compensation exposure to obtain photos with different tone effects.

When shooting a mountain stream, because the scene is small, the photographer can choose the composition method of shooting in the middle of the stream or diagonally, and at the same time use vertical shooting to deepen the depth of the picture and obtain greater scene effect. Shooting stream is mostly sketching, and photographers should win with light and color.

Due to the dim light in the mountain stream, a tripod is used to stabilize the camera when shooting. When shooting streams or waterfalls, photographers can use a high shutter speed (1/500 seconds) to freeze a clear picture, or use a slow shutter speed (1-3 seconds, depending on the flow rate) to create a dreamy flowing water like smoke. If the light is bright, you can also install a reducing mirror in front of the camera. If tourists don't reduce the mirror, they can use multiple exposures to achieve the same effect. Only this method needs exposure value conversion, so it is not recommended for beginners.

When shooting the scenery of the lake, because the water surface is as calm as a mirror, visitors can pay attention to shooting the reflection in the water to show the tranquility of the lake. Of course, throwing a stone into the calm water, causing ripples, or rowing across the boat can increase the movement of the picture and make the form active. Therefore, photographing the water features on the lake is a very creative way.

Taboo tips for outdoor shooting:

Avoid direct sunlight photography

Bright sunshine provides good lighting conditions, making the scenery vivid and saturated with colors, which provides conditions for using high-speed shutters and small apertures. However, strong sunlight can also bring problems. The most prominent thing is that its dazzling light will open the eyes of the subject. At the same time, high-angle direct light will also cause heavy shadows on the face of the characters, which will damage the aesthetic feeling of the characters. So when taking pictures outdoors, let the sun shine on the subject from the side and avoid facing the sun directly.

Avoid people taking pictures too close to the color environment.

In bright light, the reflection of objects will be enhanced. In this case, people should try to stay away from those colorful scenery (such as newly painted building exterior walls, large awnings and so on). ), otherwise the colors of those scenes will be mapped to people, causing color cast.

When avoiding the top light, people stand on the concrete floor to take pictures.

Because the cement floor surface is flat and light in color, it will form strong reflection. This kind of bottom-up "footlights" will often have horrible effects and should be avoided as much as possible.

Avoid standing under a tree and taking pictures.

Light and shadow complement each other. The stronger the light, the deeper the shadow. When people stand by and take pictures of a tree, sunlight often casts leaves on people's bodies and faces, causing mottled shadows and destroying the aesthetic feeling of the picture.