Television movies of various eras in the Soviet Union? Better be more detailed.

Throughout the history of Soviet film, the film creation showing the theme of World War II has experienced several climaxes. In the war, the district party secretary, Rainbow and she fought for the motherland, accurately expressing the main feelings of that era: deep hatred for the enemy, desire for victory and determination to fight to the end, and expressing the lofty fighting spirit and courage of the Soviet people at the critical moment of national survival to defeat the enemy. This principle is basically followed in this kind of films made in the post-war era, and the plot content is to show the real people and things in the war.

War-themed films such as Flying South in the Wild, One's Experience, Song of Soldiers and Clear Sky Wan Li set off a new wave of Soviet film creation at the turn of 1950s and 1960s. These films reveal the harm of war to individuals and all mankind by paying attention to the fate of individuals and studying human moral problems. During this period, the film "Defeating the enemy without fighting", which was put on the screen and studied from the spiritual and philosophical levels, lasted for quite some time later.

In the 1970s, the war-themed films included historical films showing the progress of the war, such as Liberation, and films showing local wars, such as Fighting for the Motherland and Silent Dawn here. The protagonists in these films are both ordinary and ordinary, but when they show their firmness, reliability and belief, they show amazing perseverance and Excellence.

After 2000, Russian films that show the theme of World War II are more about war and emphasize anti-war ideas, such as The Cuckoo. There is also a film "Star", which inherits the excellent tradition of Soviet war films and shows the heroic resistance and sacrifice spirit of Soviet soldiers. The new film and television works commemorating the 60th anniversary of the victory of World War II have a new perspective, which not only touches the previously untouched areas, but also shows the major tragic events in the war, such as "frigate PQ- 17" and "people punished by military discipline". Last year's film "One of Our Own" showed the behavior of three Red Army men being captured and escaped by the Germans when they fled, revealing people's choices at critical moments.

Ordinary people in new wave movies

At the turn of 1950s and 1960s, the film creation of the former Soviet Union formed a new wave. One of the reasons is the change of social and political life in the Soviet Union, the loosening of literary and artistic policies and the relative freedom of creative space. In this context, a number of films describing the theme of war are quite innovative, both in the setting of characters and the application of artistic techniques. In these works, ordinary people began to become the protagonists on the screen. Through their fate in the war, their bitter experience and tenacious fighting spirit, and their personal experiences and psychological feelings, the film reproduces the whole process of the war and the sufferings experienced by the Soviet army. The true description of the characters, the war situation and the living environment makes the film have a strong appeal and attracts a wide audience. They not only occupy an important position in the Soviet film history, but also are included in the world film history book.

The films that make up this wave are "Flying South", "A Man's Experience", "Song of Soldiers" and "Clear Sky Wan Li", which are familiar to China audiences.

The movie "Wild Goose Flying South" (1959, directed by Kalatozov) describes the fate of Veronica, an ordinary girl who was traumatized in the center of the war, fell down and stood up again. Veronica, who is not outstanding, appears on the screen, which is a breakthrough in creation compared with the protagonists in previous movies. Veronica has obvious personality defects: naive and gullible, unrealistic, not broad-minded and not high in spirit. In the cruel war environment, she couldn't stand the severe blow of life, lost her position in the face of difficulties, was tempted by her boyfriend's brother Mark, and betrayed her beloved Boris. When she learned of Mark's hypocrisy and selfishness, she left him again and almost embarked on the road of despair. Finally, she found herself and returned to the people.

The film summarizes the hardships and tests experienced by the Soviet people in the war through Veronica's whole mental journey from loving happiness to her stumbling in the face of difficulties, and then to her courage to recover and return to the people. They didn't fall under the attack of the enemy, but after arduous struggle, they finally won the great victory of the Great Patriotic War.

The novelty of the film lies not only in the successful characterization, but also in the deliberate innovation of modeling and expression techniques and poetic narrative description. The film is structured in the form of melodrama, and through prose description, it reproduces a poetic atmosphere. Poetic expression is not only through metaphor, symbol and metaphor, but also through the overall structure of the film. The new expression technique initiated by the author, the "seeing off" scene shot by the photographer with the concept of "emotional photography", has become a classic fragment in the history of movies. From different angles: Veronica's point of view, Boris's point of view and the audience's point of view, the author shows the anxiety and tension of the hero and heroine and Veronica's frustration after not seeing Boris, which deeply attracts the audience and makes them integrate into it as if they had experienced it personally. When Boris was shot down, the rotation of the birch forest and the longing for the wedding before the sacrifice also became wonderful fragments in the history of movies. The film reveals the theme of war against nature and humanity with the commonness of the protagonist's fate and the innovation of expression techniques.

Bondarchuk's "One Man's Experience" is adapted from sholokhov's novel, which tells the story of an ordinary Soviet soldier who experienced fighting, capture and escape in the war and finally saw the fate of victory. Through the action of the protagonist, the film highlights the tenacious character of the Russian nation, especially the Russian soldiers, and the heroic spirit of being brave and unyielding in the face of the enemy. This is also the fundamental reason for the victory of the Great Patriotic War. Song of Soldiers shows the kindness and helpfulness of Russian soldiers through the experiences and actions of an ordinary soldier on his way home to visit his mother. It is with such people that Russia has withstood the difficult test of war.

The War Process of Panoramic Film Reproduction

The victory of the Great Patriotic War was the result of the bloody struggle of the people of the whole Soviet Union. It experienced the whole process from retreat, escape, persistence, counterattack to final victory. The former Soviet film Liberation is rich in plot and wide in expression, making it the largest epic film showing the theme of World War II. Similarly, Fortress Besieged, which shows the siege of Leningrad, and The Battle of Moscow, which shows the defense of Moscow.

Liberation described the whole war process from the summer of 1943 to May of 1945. The whole film consists of five films. Arc fire describes the battle of Kursk; Breakthrough shows crossing Dnieper River and liberating Kiev. The main attack direction reappears1In the summer of 944, Soviet troops attacked Belarus, and Hitler's central front completely collapsed; The last two films are the reappearance of the conquest of Berlin.

The plot of the film is not limited to frontline activities, but involves many historical events in European countries. For example, there are descriptions of the murder of Hitler and the reappearance of overthrowing Mussolini. The author uses vast historical materials to combine historical events with tragic battle scenes, so that the audience can see the broad historical panorama of this war.

In the arrangement of characters, when reappearing this historical event, the author tries not to hold any prejudice and not to simplify the image of war. The author combines real historical figures with fictional figures in the play, so that the truth of history and the truth of characters can be unified and integrated. There are both army leaders and ordinary soldiers fighting against the enemy. Most importantly, when correctly handling the relationship between the two, the author emphasizes the independent role of each protagonist, that is, ordinary soldiers and senior commanders. It is these selfless sacrifices and enthusiasm that laid the foundation for the victory of the war. In the film, no matter the representative of the high command, the commanders of the front line and the army, or ordinary soldiers, they all realized their responsibility in overthrowing the fascist war, and they really played their role. One of the greatest successes of the film is that the actor ulyanov created the image of Marshal zhukov, a great strategist. Ulyanov, who looks exactly like him, vividly reproduces zhukov's strategic thought that he can always find a way out in extreme despair and danger so as to win.

The film artistically combines historical documents with poetic narration, sketches of daily life and descriptions of magnificent battle scenes, involving many events and showing a wide range of areas. There are both the Soviet Supreme Command, the base camp of the Allied Command and the command points of Soviet generals. Geographically, the wartime included Moscow, London, Berlin and Warsaw. The important battles or battles shown in the film are: tank battle in Plokhorovka region, crossing the Dnieper River, and the battle of tanks crossing the swamp of Belarus to conquer Berlin. All this is accurate and grand, which truly embodies the great historical significance of the anti-fascist war.

The film has achieved a high degree of authenticity in recreating war scenes. In the film, the audience saw the difficulty of tank attack, the horror of crossing the Dnieper River, and the truth of gaining a foothold in hand-to-hand combat. Several scenes in the film: Marshal zhukov visited the front line to study the scene of tanks crossing the swamp, the tragic scene of crossing the Dnieper River, and the scene of rescuing women and children and sacrificing themselves in the flooded subway after the Soviet invasion of Berlin, are still fresh in my memory.

These achievements of the film are not only the director's grand vision, but also the embodiment of the photographer's talent. The author uses everything in modern movies to make the events reproduced on the screen authentic. In the film, the rapid advance of the tank in concentrated attack was filmed from the plane, while the faster attack of the tank 13 was filmed on the camera car that moved in parallel at first, and the most intense and tense battle at the climax of the finish line was filmed from the tank's perspective through the observation hole, thus making the audience feel the truth of the battle as if they had joined the struggle in person.

"Liberation" has been shown in many countries, and critics point out that it is not only a poetic film showing the panorama of World War II, but also provides a broad picture for showing important moments in the history of the former Soviet Union countries.

Group portrait of soldiers shaped by local war

The victory of the Great Patriotic War is not only composed of big battles, but also composed of countless small battles. Soviet films have a good tradition in expressing local battles, such as Silent Dawn here, Hot Snow, They Fight for the Motherland and so on. Most of these films are adapted from literary works, and through small-scale or even unknown battles, they reproduce the great sacrifice spirit of the people of the former Soviet Union against fascism and also shape groups of ordinary soldiers.

Bondarchuk's film "They Fight for the Motherland" (1975) is adapted from the novel of the same name by the famous writer sholokhov, and it is an excellent work in this kind of film. Through the fighting life of a retreating army, the film shows the great and permanent achievements established by the people of the former Soviet Union, and successfully shapes a group of lifelike, broad-minded and fearless soldiers of the former Soviet Union.

At the beginning of the film, the author brought the audience into a heavy atmosphere. In the hot summer, a ragged team marched on the purple-brown grassland. They were the retirees of the 38th Infantry Regiment, and suffered heavy losses in the early battles of the war. Here, the author expresses the heavy mentality when the army retreats with a unique and three-dimensional modeling language. On the screen are pairs of soldiers' rough leather boots. There was no music, only the heavy footsteps of soldiers retreating. Subsequent battles, craters blasted by falling shells and flying soil were all due to the excellent modeling language.

Trench is an important modeling component in the film. For soldiers, the battlefield is their own trench and the area where they shoot. Trenches play an extremely important role in the vast plain where there is nothing to cover. The detailed description of the trench in the film just illustrates this point. Before the battle began, the soldiers kept digging trenches on the gravel ground with small shovels. They picked up stones and threw them away, letting sweat drip on their clothes. Before waiting for the battle to start, before shooting the first bullet, they leaned the elastic disc and kettle against the trench wall in the dug trench, with their feet turned upside down, trying to keep steady and meet the enemy's attack.

The battle scene is also extremely spectacular and tragic. The air on the screen is full of heat wave and burning smell, the land is cracked by bombs, scorched by the sun, and the shells of heavy tanks roar past. In this space where land and soldiers blend, tired soldiers are fighting to the death with the enemy. They protect every inch of land with their lives and protect the motherland behind them with their blood. In the terrible battle where death happens all the time, they have maintained tenacious perseverance and amazing vitality. In the breathing space of the tense struggle that is unacceptable to ordinary people, there is no lack of jokes and clumsy humor to ease the tense atmosphere. They talk about women and life. In particular, shukshin plays Private Lobahim, whose every gesture, every look, every movement and psychological state are so natural and credible, thus becoming the most plump character in the film. Even if he talks too much, he is sometimes bored, which shows that he loves life. Because no one knows when he will die. Through the personality characteristics of these soldiers, the film reveals the fundamental reasons for the achievements of the Soviet people.

This film is full of tragic elements. In particular, the scene in which Stree Rizov, played by tikhonov, was severely deaf, shouted in anger and despair, and tried to climb out of the trench to join the stormtroopers, which was even more tragic and aroused people's extreme sympathy. The author reproduces the group image of a group of ordinary soldiers in an infectious way. It was these soldiers who won the victory of the Great Patriotic War with their own blood and lives.

There is also an excellent film "Dawn is Silent Here" (1972) which shows local wars, and it is adapted from the novel of Vasilyev by the famous director Rostovski. If "They Fight for the Motherland" shows the main body of the war and the real soldiers, "Quiet Dawn here" describes the tragic fate of girls who should not have a chance to fight. The film tells the story of the conflict and struggle between five female antiaircraft machine gunners stationed in a small station and 16 fascist demons armed to the teeth under the leadership of warrant officer Vaskov.

Lida, the monitor of the anti-aircraft machine gun, went home to visit her son at night and found three Germans in the forest. So Vaskov took Lida and other five female soldiers to destroy the enemy. The result is not three enemies, but more than 10. So he sent Lisa back to the station to dispatch troops. Unexpectedly, Lisa fell into the swamp. The remaining five men began to deal with the enemy. In the battle, four girls were killed by the enemy one by one, leaving Vaskov alone. He rushed into the enemy's lair and captured them in one fell swoop.

Through the behavior of the protagonists in this local small war, the film carefully analyzes their thoughts, feelings and behavioral motives, and then reveals their personality characteristics. These girls have different personalities, temperaments, life experiences and experiences. Galia is the youngest, Rania, the daughter of the general, is cheerful and beautiful, Lida, the monitor, is careful, Sonia, a college student from Minsk, is quiet, and Liza was just a rural girl not long ago. The determination to defend the motherland and fight against the enemy brought them together.

They brought their own different spiritual worlds, different ideals, joys and sorrows, met terrible enemies here, and showed the spirit of being brave and tenacious and not afraid of sacrifice. In the desperate struggle with the enemy, he gave his young and precious life. Here, through their tragic fate, the author shows the collective fate of a generation pushed to war, and through their images, they form a group image of a generation, thus showing their spiritual strength of achievement and courage to sacrifice.

The film is narrated in black and white and color. The black-and-white lens on the screen describes the struggle between the girl and the aggressor, which reproduces the cruelty of war and the cruelty of the enemy. Thus reveals the theme of the film: war is against human peace, and it can only bring disaster to mankind. War has killed these women who should not have participated in the battle, and it has deprived them of their great mission of reproducing mankind.

The high-profile color pictures are memories of their pre-war life and their longing for a better life in the future. Through these pictures, the film shows the happy life that ordinary people long for. However, they did not enjoy a happy life, but were pushed to the abyss by the war. The author severely criticized the war through the tragic fate of several girls. The film Silent Dawn is Here has become an excellent war film with its novel structure, unique perspective and beautiful picture.

Looking at the above films, we can see several characteristics of the movies about World War II in the former Soviet Union:

1. The plot is rich in material and has a broad space-time structure. From the commander-in-chief's office to soldiers' trenches, from frontline soldiers to scouts behind enemy lines, from guerrillas to women and children by lathes, from big battles to small battles and so on. These are the plot contents of the film and are also reflected in the film.

2. Rich styles and genres, and broad performance scenes. Movies that show war include not only poems and historical films, documentaries and political art films; There are detective films, psychoanalytic films, and so on. "Liberation" has the characteristics of panoramic war, while "The Dawn is Quiet here" contains quite lyrical elements.

3. Adapt to the needs of the audience and keep innovating. With the change of time, the content and techniques of films representing World War II are also changing. World War II movies show more humanity and oppose war. The technique is more abundant. In particular, the use of digital technology makes it possible to make scenes that could not be done before and realize the effects that could not be done before.

War-themed movies attract more and more audiences with their complex and changeable plots, heavy suspense, tragic explosion scenes and cruel fights, and the newly filmed movies also pay more attention to the appreciation of the films. The richness and profundity of the anti-fascist war films in the former Soviet Union reflect their reflection on the war and their nostalgia for the lives lost in the war.