Who writes the national anthem? What short stories does he have?

So is Nie Er, the composer of the national anthem!

Nie Er (19 12- 1935), formerly known as Shouxin, whose pen name is Black Angel, was later renamed Nie Er, a native of Yuxi, Yunnan. 1922 attended Qiushi Primary School, then entered Kunming United Middle School, and dropped out of school two years later due to family poverty. 1929 was admitted to the foreign language group of Yunnan First Normal School. After graduation, he moved to Shanghai, joined the Shanghai Anti-imperialist League, and was accepted as the chief violinist by the Yue Ming Opera Association the following year. /kloc-joined the China * * * production party in 0/933, actively engaged in anti-Japanese patriotic propaganda, and created a large number of patriotic songs, such as Graduation Song, March of the Volunteers, Song of the Road, New Woman, Pioneer, and Song Girl under Iron Shoes. 1935 passed through Japan in April and went to the Soviet Union to study music and art. 17 drowned while swimming in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, at the age of 24. 1On September 27th, 949, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference decided that March of the Volunteers, whose lyrics are Tian Han and whose national anthem is Nie Er, will be the national anthem of China.

Nie er's story

His mother's songs fascinated him.

Nie Er's father Nie Hongyi opened a Cheng Chuntang drugstore at No.72 Yongdao Street in Kunming. 19 12 February 14, Nie Er was born on Nie Er's tomb in the drugstore, formerly known as Ziyi. When Nie Er was 4 years old, his father died, the pharmacy was run by his mother, and the well-off Nie family began to decline. In Nie Er's childhood memory, my mother often sat under the lamp, pulling an abacus, sighing and worrying after calculating the account. Nie Er once secretly made a wish: "Let mother live a good life" in the future. After he arrived in Shanghai, he mentioned the word "remittance" many times in his letter to his mother. Mother is Nie Er's biggest concern. From the photos, mother Peng Jikuan is a typical Dai woman. Admirably, Peng didn't go to school for a day, but he was able to read medical books with her husband. After her husband died, he was able to take care of his family and bring home the bacon. Peng's intelligence is obviously passed on to his son. Nie Er, the youngest son in the family, is clever, and a simple bamboo flute can play colorful songs, which is very popular with relatives and friends.

Mother can sing all kinds of folk songs, including Tokyo tune, Deng Hua tune, dulcimer tune and so on, which are widely spread in Kunming and other places. The songs and stories in the song fascinated little Neil. When Cai E succeeded, Nie Er was still a yellow-tongued child, but he knew Cai E from his mother's songs. General Cai's feat of defending the country in Yunnan left a deep impression on him. Learning martial arts and joining the army was once a great ambition of young Nie Er. At the age of sixteen, Nie Er finally couldn't help it. He secretly joined the army behind his family's back and was trained by the Hunan Recruiting Corps of the Sixteenth Army. Later, he failed to enter the Whampoa Military Academy and was expelled from the army. In desperation, he gave up the idea of martial arts. As a last resort, I turned to reading, acting and composing, but my heart for great achievements is still unfinished.

Nie Er said in a middle school composition "My Outlook on Life" that if possible, he would not engage in religion, philosophy or science. His ideal is to go to college first and then travel abroad. It is best to go abroad, study on the road, increase your knowledge and make academic achievements. Finally, earn some money from Nie Er's tomb, find a beautiful place, study and play the piano with a few friends who can chat, and pass the leisure time. He also specifically stated that the Western Hills in Kunming would be his first choice for seclusion.

When Nie Er was a few years older, that is, after graduating from high school and being admitted to Yunnan Normal School, he wrote an article "My Outlook on Life". On the contrary, he hopes to study engineering and art, become a traveler "instead of Robinson's individualism", and then "build a new society with the income from actual investigation".

"Desperate Saburo" in the entertainment circle

In the early 1930s, Nie Er came to Shanghai unaccompanied and asked someone to help him find a job as an inspector at the "Shenzhuang" procurement station. Who knows that Yunfeng Commercial Bank, the headquarters of Shenzhuang in Kunming, was seized for tax evasion, and the Shanghai branch was closed. Nie er lost his job.

Fortunately, God never shuts one door but he opens another. The enrollment notice published by Lianhua Film Company Music and Dance School in Shenbao caught Nie Er's attention. It's really attractive to earn ten dollars a month and pay attention to food and accommodation. Nie Er walked into the examination room in fear and trembling, but because of nervousness, he did well, but he was admitted by the examiner Li Jinhui. The predecessor of Yue Ming Song and Dance Troupe is China Song and Dance Troupe founded by Li Jinhui. This is the earliest professional song and dance troupe in China. Although the lineup is small, it is well-known in Shanghai and even the whole country because of Wang, Hu Jia, Bai and the best actress. Nie Er is a violin trainee in Bright Moon in the Sky.

In the small dormitory of seven or eight people, he had to stand in the corner when practicing the piano, but Nie Er felt the luxury of life. Shortly after his arrival, he helped friends Zhang Genghou and Liao Bomin from his hometown in Kunming to rent a movie copy in Shanghai and got a reward of 100 yuan. One hundred dollars, he had never had so much money since he left his big family, and Nie Er's heart was pounding. The first thing to do is to run to the post office and send half to my mother. The other half bought a violin and two music books. This ordinary violin has added gorgeous colors to Nie Er's life since then. Wang Renyi, Wang's second brother, is Nie Er's full-time violin teacher. As a result, people often see master and apprentice seriously correcting their fingering, making mistakes again and again, and dvorak's "humor" is intermittent. "Little Teacher" is the same age as Nie Er. He is usually easygoing, but he is not careless in teaching piano. Nie Er, 19 years old, is new to the piano and can't even read music. What does he know about counterpoint harmony? "Little teacher" is a little anxious. But Nie Er is not stupid. He knew that he had met a good teacher. "I will learn," he said to himself. After dinner, everyone went to the "Four Roads" and "Big World" to watch acrobatics, but Nie Er kept silent and hid in his room to practice the piano. He wants to achieve his business goal: to "catch up" on the piano for at least seven hours every day.

"Desperate Saburo" Nie Er soon became famous. At that time, movies and plays were often intertwined. The cast, the drama on the stage, the gathering of mercury lamps. Although this is done out of the producer's cost-saving strategy, it objectively exercises the cast. For example, in the movie Son of the Storm, Wang not only plays the heroine, but also sings the theme song. Nie Er, who plays the violin, should also play the role of a vendor selling fried stinky tofu from time to time. Or paint in black ink and dress up as a black miner. His imitation ability is well known. 1959 When Zhao Dan played Nie Er in the movie Nie Er, he talked about the past more than once.

In and out of the "bright moon" are all famous figures in the entertainment circle in Shanghai, such as Cai Chusheng, Sun Yu,,, Zheng,,, Bai, Zhao Dan, Zhou Xuan, Ruan and so on. Looking at celebrities at close range, Nie Er realized what "the limelight is healthy". Under the starlight, Nie Er, who was originally committed to making a living here, suddenly opened his eyes.

"Zhaer" and "Boss Tian"

The lively and naive Nie Er, 19-year-old king of the children, is always surrounded by the little actors of the opera troupe. Playing games, losing, the children booed, Nie Leer stirred up his ears. Everyone was dissatisfied. "Mr. Ear, one more!" Nie er "appeared" again.

Nie Er likes watching movies best, and he cries when he meets emotions. He is famous among his friends. His habit is often regarded as a joke by his friends, but he feels natural. What's wrong with affection? At that time, Nie Er had frequent contacts with his fellow countryman, Zhang Quan middle school teacher Li Shengxuan, and later the famous philosopher Ai Siqi, so Nie Er had a strong interest and yearning for philosophy.

After the "November 28th", the white terror in Shanghai was serious. China proposed to develop party member in the literary and art circles and strengthen the left-wing forces. Nie Er, who is young and active, was listed as the first batch of training objects. The person who trained and contacted was Tian Han, the head of the Shanghai Left-wing Troupe Alliance, and it was Tian Han who later introduced Nie Er to the Party. However, in Nie Er's diaries, articles and letters of more than 100,000 words, there are few descriptions about Tian Han. Even if there are, most of them are diary records, and the word "very good" is used to express them in general. Nie Er, who is diligent in writing diaries and letters, why should he carefully avoid Nie Er's tomb when he encounters a "field"? Unknown. Of course, in Tian Han's eyes, Nie Er was just a poor student who pursued revolution with extraordinary experience at first, and there were huge differences between them in experience, qualifications and personality. But this does not hinder the tacit cooperation between Tian and Nie in music creation.

During the two years from 1933 to 1935, Tian Han wrote lyrics and Nie Er composed music, and jointly created Mining Song, Road Song, Graduation Song, Dock Worker Song, Coolie Song, Bricklaying Song, Piling Song and Farewell to Nanyang. Nie Er's first novel, Caige, is the beginning of their cooperation. March of the Volunteers was later regarded as the national anthem of the people of China and the peak of their cooperation.

No sooner had the script of the movie "The Son of the Storm" been written than the screenwriter Tian Han was arrested. Nie Er's first sentence when he met director Xia Yan was: "Who will compose The Son of the Storm?" The second sentence is: "I'll write it, and Tian Han agrees." Confidence and certainty are beyond words. Tian Han in prison really agreed to Nie Er's request. Soon, Nie Er took out the first draft, which was finalized after Nie Er arrived in Japan.

1935, 17 In July, Nie Er drowned in a beach near Tokyo, Japan, at the age of 23. At that time, the poet Guo Moruo wrote poems in Japan to commemorate; 1954, Nie Er's tomb was rebuilt in Yunnan, and Guo Moruo wrote an inscription. In the same year, Nie Er Monument was built in Fujisawa, Japan, and the inscription was also inscribed by Guo Moruo. Whether Nie Er had contact with Guo Moruo before his death is unknown, but as a close friend of Tian Han, it is natural for Guo Moruo to pay attention to Nie Er because of Tian Han. Just, why not Tian Han? It can be inferred that although Nie Er and Tian Han have had many successful cooperations, the author prefers to consider the relationship between "friends" and "partners" from the perspective of the latter. When Nie Er mentioned Tian Han, he always respectfully called "Tian Lao Da". 1934: My Year of Music 1 April 9341day, Nie Er joined the British-run Oriental EMI Records Company. EMI was famous in Shanghai at that time. Nie Er was just the recording assistant of musician Ren Guang when he first entered EMI, but he was soon appointed as the deputy director of the music department, because Nie Er knew it at a glance. The boss of EMI said angrily to Nie Er: No matter who you are, no matter what you do, as long as you can do it, you can do it with influence and benefit. Nie Er's spirit of "Desperate for Saburo" came up again, copying music, composing music, performing and holding seminars without stopping. He is so excited and busy that he doesn't even have time to keep a diary. It was not until the seven-month "EMI period" ended that he roughly wrote a "summary". In this diary marked "April 4th", emotional Nie Er used many hot words such as "unanimous vote" and "rave reviews" to describe his musical works for the movies "Yu", "Peach Blossom Robbery" and "The Road". In the busy time, Nie Er's most diligent is China Band, which is also called "Music Club" in amateur performances. The band is small, with only a few basic seats. Members are closely related peers, working night shifts twice a week. Because of the nature of their peers, everyone's interest is high. The band carried out a series of reform experiments in the form of folk music accompaniment and ensemble. Nie Er completed four folk music works, such as "The Couple of Mountain Countries" and "Zhao Fan", based on the folk music creation in Yunnan and other places, all of which were premiered by Quyi Society. The reaction of the scene and the newspaper excited him and his friends. Nowadays, the word "Nie Er" in the dictionary is usually followed by the phrase "Composer of the National Anthem" followed by the phrase "Founder of China New Music". EMI is the laboratory of Nie Er's "new music". The value of life is often realized in an instant and in one stage. 1935 March of the Volunteers created by Nie Er for the film "The Son of the Storm" later became Nie Er's iconic work as a musician, but his rich and varied music practice was roughly formed in 1934. He himself said, "1934 is my music year." That year, when he met a familiar friend, Nie Er always said a few half-truths: Busy! How busy! No time for love. As soon as he finished speaking, he turned around and was as busy as a top, from the band to the chorus, from the chorus to the recording studio-because he was planning the opera Storm on the Yangtze River. Several years later, Xia Yan recalled the scene and lamented that no one could "rob" the director like Nie Er. 1934, Nie Er is really happy, and his life and mental state have completely changed. In the celebrity-like Shanghai literary circle, Nie Er was once very depressed. But this year, he regained his usual confidence. More than 60 years later, in the first Spring Festival of the new century, the China Broadcasting National Orchestra performed in the "Golden Hall" in Vienna, Austria. Many local celebrities came dressed up. The atmosphere in the concert hall is unexpectedly good, and there is always warm applause at the end of each song. Nie Er's "Dance of the Golden Snake" edited and created in "EMI Period" began to play. The hall is very quiet, and rich personalized melodies flow along the Danube. Suddenly, deafening applause sounded in advance. For a time, as an audience, the author had mixed feelings and thought of many things, including Nie Er. In this concert, Nie Er also performed another new folk music "Spring Dawn in Cuihu" adapted from the "EMI" period, which also moved audiences in foreign countries with its aesthetic feeling full of national personality. Today, "Dance of the Golden Snake" and "Spring Dawn on the Green Lake" have been regarded as classic works of China folk music by the international music community, and their souls have already ascended to Nie Er in heaven. Any new feelings?