Inventory of smog rumors

Recently, severe smog has once again invaded many places in North China. 12 16, Beijing issued the first red warning of air pollution this year. With the smog, there are endless rumors. The following is an inventory of recent popular rumors. Welcome to share. Only by correctly understanding smog can we prevent it more scientifically.

This article is directed by Beijing Science and Technology Association, Beijing Internet Information Office and Capital Internet Association, and jointly released by Tadpole Staff Website, Beijing Website and Sina Weibo.

Firstly, a concept is defined: fog is liquid water vapor and haze is solid particulate matter. The pollutants we are talking about are actually just smog (which can be called haze), and there is no fog. The title uses smog just to accommodate everyone's reading habits. The smog mentioned in the rumor is also wrong.

No. 1

Haze video shot by macro lens? 〗

12 On February 20th, someone posted this Weibo:

Subsequently, the video began to spread wildly in Weibo and friends circle:

Everyone was stunned by the scene in the video, but this video is not smog, it is dust. Does PM2.5 mean diameter? 2.5 micron particles. Take out your ruler. The smallest scale on it is1mm. however

1 mm = 1000 micron (? m)

If you can see the particles of 1 mm, can macro photography be enlarged by 1000 times? Is this macro photography or a microscope?

However, the air quality in the video is really not very good, so much dust also needs to wear a mask.

second

[Ammonium sulfate in smog is particularly horrible? 〗

The smog composition is complicated because pollutants will further react with each other to generate other substances after being discharged into the air. Strictly speaking, the reaction process and the final reactant of each smog cannot be exactly the same, and there are differences in types and quantities.

But according to the pollution source, it can generally be judged. Ammonium sulfate has always been the protagonist of smog in Beijing, because the main pollutants when using non-desulfurization coal are various sulfates.

But sulfate is not equal to sulfuric acid. Sulfate, a solid particle, will slowly damage the respiratory system and nervous system when inhaled into the body, but it will not kill you immediately. At that time, the large-scale air pollution deaths in London were caused by sulfuric acid fog in the air, not liquid. Without protective measures, similar to direct inhalation of sulfuric acid, it will lead to rapid death.

However, children don't go out, the purifier is always on, and it is right to drink more water.

third place

[Haze produces germs? 〗

Pathogens produced by smog? Haze is a solid particulate matter. When can solid particulate matter (inorganic matter) produce life (pathogenic bacteria)? ! In other words, smog has become the cradle of life?

The earth was born about 4.6 billion years ago, and about 3.5 billion years ago, prokaryotes such as bacteria and cyanobacteria appeared on the earth. It took 1, 654,380 billion years for the earth to evolve from inorganic substances to bacteria. I don't believe that smog can be solved in one day.

After explaining that smog can't produce germs, let's talk about smog carrying germs. There are many germs in the air. When the wind blows, they fly everywhere and are not taken away by the smog. Otherwise no one will catch it. Why did you catch a cold?

And until now, the government has not issued any statement that the smog is mixed with pathogenic bacteria, which is particularly harmful to the human body. All the harm comes from the smog itself. If you don't know the harm of smog, this video can give you a quick understanding:

fourth

Haze leads to unclear illegal shooting probe? 〗

The above is an illegal surveillance camera transmitted by the internet, but the fact is this:

?

Scene of Changping Traffic Command Center

This matter has nothing to do with fog or haze, but only with atmospheric visibility. The illegal shooting probes in Beijing are generally about 5 to 10 meters above the ground. Considering the requirement of clarity, as long as the visibility is more than 30 meters, it is impossible to see the number plate of the restricted vehicle.

So how big is the impact of the smog in these two days on air visibility?

According to the Beijing Meteorological Observatory, visibility in some areas of Beijing was less than 500 meters and visibility in some areas was less than 200 meters at 10 on the 20th. 2 1 day 6: 10, the visibility in most parts of Beijing is about 1 km, and some roads are less than 1 km. In short, it is still a long way from 30 meters.

Fifth place

Cigarette filter instead of mask? 〗

Do not use cigarette filters instead of masks for the following reasons:

1.？ Cigarette filter will seriously hinder air from entering the nasal cavity, and continuous use will lead to hypoxia and even suffocation. Curious babies can try it and know how uncomfortable it is.

2.？ Filter fibers may be inhaled into the lungs, causing other diseases.

3.？ Although cigarette filters have not been found to have much effect on filtering PM2.5, it is precisely because they cannot filter or block tiny particles that the Ministry of Health specifically pointed out in the Report on the Health Hazards of Smoking in China? Can't cigarettes with filter tips reduce the health hazards of smoking? .

4.？ Whether it can effectively purify the air, sealing is also very important. This is why the mask must not leak. Can you ensure that cigarette filters and nostrils are airtight?

truth

The air pollution caused by smog is really terrible, but rumors should never be created to increase panic.

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Author: Tadpole Jun