Photography skills that must be learned.

Photography refers to the process of recording images with some special equipment. Generally, we take photos with mechanical cameras or digital cameras. Let's follow me to see the photography skills that must be learned! I hope it helps you!

1, lighting

As the saying goes, photography is the art of light and shadow. Whether we can reach the palace of art or not, at least we should pay primary attention to light when shooting, and we should also look at the turn of "light". In order to express the content better, sometimes it is necessary to wait for the best light. In addition to "keeping the light", photographers can actually take the initiative to attack, including controlling artificial light sources for shooting, such as flash shooting. But in fact, more than 80% of photography is carried out by using natural light or light existing in the environment, so it is more important to actively adapt to the light on the spot and find out the most suitable lighting position, so photographers must know how to look at light. And light can be mainly divided into light quality and light direction.

Side light shooting: the subject's texture is more obvious under side light irradiation.

Backlight shooting: shooting with the back facing the sun, the trunk becomes a silhouette scene, which brings obvious reflection to the ground.

Light quality: there are mainly soft and hard, soft and soft atmosphere, which gives people a comfortable feeling. The contrast between hard light and dark is large, and the shadow will be deeper, which can strengthen the intensity of the picture. Soft light is mostly reflected and transmitted light, such as scattered light infiltrated from the window, while hard light is mostly concentrated strong light source, such as scorching sun or using flash or spotlight.

Scattered light shooting: the light entering through the window screen will be softer and balanced with the faint indoor light.

Direction of light: Different directions of light will affect people's appreciation of images, and even affect the overall situation. For example, it is easy to have shadows when taking pictures in the sun at noon, and it should be avoided. Oblique or lateral lighting is more commonly used in photography, which helps to outline the outline of the scene or subject, and is an element to create a three-dimensional sense on a two-dimensional picture. Of course, there is also the backlight commonly used in creation, from which silhouette is also derived.

Step 2 expose

Normal 0 ev

-1.5 ev underexposure: Using underexposure, deliberately darken the sky and enhance the hue of the sunset glow. But the unimportant parts are simply blacked out.

In addition to the quality and direction of light, there is also the amount of light, which could have been mastered by adjusting the shutter and aperture. What's the big deal? Of course, it is not difficult to control the accurate exposure, not to mention that the metering system of the camera is very advanced now, and the digital camera can watch it again in real time after shooting, so it is not difficult to adjust the appropriate amount of light.

+1EV exposure enhancement: we use shallow depth of field to shoot portraits, hoping to create a dreamy atmosphere, so we also increase exposure. With the overall bright white and light tone, the exposure is slightly brighter.

But the control of exposure can actually affect the effect of photos. Sometimes the light and shade should be consistent with the atmosphere. Proper exposure control can make great changes in the image. Even with the same exposure, the shutter is fast and slow. The fast shutter can focus light at high speed, but the slow shutter can show dynamics. This is an important thing that exposure can do besides the amount of light. Only by controlling the exposure can you be said to understand photography.

3, real-time timing

The "decisive moment", which has been praised by the photography industry for many years, has been the golden rule pursued by serious photographers since Bresson was published. I hope that I can, like this generation of masters, solidify important moments through hunting and shooting, and let static images tell moving stories. This is an easy time for ordinary people to understand, and it is also applicable to any place, such as portraits, landscapes, sports, street shooting and shooting.

The decisive moment is the climax of the story. As the saying goes, there is only one chance. Photographers should seize every opportunity to shoot, always put the camera on their chest and practice their ability to observe things. It's now or never, they must change the scenery persistently.

Works with Right Timing: It is not difficult to find that attractive images not only have other light, color and composition elements, but more importantly, the right timing is enough to make it easier to "read" and see stories.

4, color color

People are naturally sensitive to color, and people with normal vision are also sensitive to color, but photographers are particularly sensitive to color. Don't think that you don't have to pay attention to black and white. In fact, the gray tone of black and white is influenced by the real color. The most interesting and mysterious thing is that color is light, and different wavelengths of light produce different colors, because objects reflect different light waves to form different colors, and light is also color!

If you simply say that you are shooting attractive images, such as scenery, the colors can actually be unconstrained, and it is harmless to use a slightly higher saturation during or after shooting. Even in the movie era, some people used slides to shoot for stronger colors. Moreover, color can also change the atmosphere of the image. Blue gives people a cold feeling, while yellow and red can give people a warm feeling, so whether a photographer can manage the image well depends largely on how he handles the color!

Color element

The color in the picture is an important visual element, which also affects the viewer's feeling. Sometimes some images even use the color itself to guide the audience to "read".

There is a rich color background in the picture. The picture and its color echo the painting file behind, and the two people in the picture echo the two people in the image.

Change color temperature

Using daylight mode, the cold atmosphere was photographed on cloudy days, but changing the white balance can change the color temperature. If you use a white balance with a low color temperature, the light on the scene will be blue.

Saturation capacity

It is no secret that landscape images use higher saturation. You can take a digital image and then saturate it. The scenery photos we are used to seeing are all processed.

Step 5 write a composition

Composition is the basic skill of photography, and we have to learn it, but there are also some photography parties whose composition is not too rigid, just like Lomo, but it is just a casual shooting style. It can't be said that there is no discipline at all. Good-looking images will certainly find traces of composition.

1/3 composition: lower the sun to the height of the picture 1/3, and cooperate with 1/3 composition. The sky is the majority. For the sunset image, the upper color and gradient levels are rich, which enhances the visibility of the image to some extent.

Central composition: the sky and the sea are half, and the picture has no weight; The main body is the sunset, slightly higher than the center line of the picture, but the overall picture is relatively uniform.

That's right. Some photographers have a good life and their composition is not so subtle. They naturally form images. In fact, this is also the basis of painting art, and the picture is not constructed, otherwise the aesthetics will be in doubt. Similarly, if you want to talk about your composition seriously, you can make a long speech, but whether at home or abroad, you will use 1/3 composition as the introduction. In fact, it is a composition technique evolved from the golden section. Simply put, it is to divide the length and width of the picture into three parts and draw it as TIC-tac-toe. As long as the subject is placed at those intersections, or the picture is divided into one-third and two-thirds, then there are of course various composition techniques using geometry, lines, shapes, repetition and even light and shade, color and so on. You can study them further.

6. Subject subjects

In many failure cases, the most common problem comes from "blurred" images. Can photography be compared to writing articles? Absolutely! Don't ignore that images, like our language, have the function of spreading information. If you don't pay attention or even mess when writing, don't put important things in an important position, or have too much confusing information, people will "don't understand" or even understand, which will of course make the image lose its ornamental value.

For beginners, it is generally suggested that they should find a subject to shoot even if they don't care about the light, exposure, color, moment and composition. Just shoot a person well, just shoot a glass of water, and never "shoot without thinking". This slogan, which originated from Lomo spirit, sounds good, but it is harmful for life!

At first glance, this photo is in front of a temple, but the entrance of the temple is at the top of the picture, and the stairs are in the middle. What you want to express is not easy to understand. In fact, the photographer didn't want to express anything, so it is inevitable that there will be ambiguity.

Tip: Step by step, change the picture.

Besides finding the subject as the shooting object can make the picture have story content, how to describe a story is very important, which is an advanced skill. Take a family eating ice cream as an example. When shooting from the front, the content is very clear. Once you shoot from a different angle, you just look at things in the same direction, and it becomes interesting. Which is better? There is no answer, but at least two people have something to see.