The Historical Evolution of Angkor Wat

In the middle of12nd century, King Suliye Pomo II of Zhenla made Angkor the capital. Suriye Bamo II believed in Vishnu, and Divara, the Brahmin priest who crowned the king, designed this national temple for the king and dedicated it to Vishnu, named it "Vishnu Temple".

In Song Dynasty, Zhao recorded in Zhufanzhi that the capital of that time was called "Lu". Loko is from Sanskrit nagara, the capital.

/kloc-in the 6th century, this temple was called "Angkor Wat"; Angkor Wat comes from Nagara, the cave is the temple in Khmer, and Angkor Wat is the temple capital. In the second year of Yuan Zhen (1296), General Tie Moore of Cheng Yuan sent Zhou Daguan to Zhenla. The mission took the sea route from Kaiyang, Wenzhou, crossed Danyang (now Tonle Sap Lake), passed through Qizhouyang (outside Xisha Islands), Zhancheng, Zhenpu, Cha 'nan, Halfway Village and Buddha Village (Bodhisattva House) and landed in Angkor Wat. Zhou Daguan and his mission were stationed in Angkor for a year. After returning home, Zhou Daguan wrote a report on Zhenlai customs, A Record of Zhenlai. The Record of True Wax called Angkor Wat "Luban Tomb" and said that there was a tower buried with the king after his death, which shows that Angkor Wat is the imperial tomb.

Some scholars believe that Angkor Wat is the tomb of Suliye Pomona II for three reasons:

1. Unlike most other temples in Angkor Wat, the main entrance of Angkor Wat faces west and welcomes the sunset. According to the research of Dutch archaeologist Bosch, the burial customs in India and Java face west, while the temples offering sacrifices face east.

2. The gallery reliefs are arranged counterclockwise, which is the direction of Hindu funeral tour in the cemetery.

3. Suliye Bamo II in Angkor Wat Gallery looks like Vishnu, suggesting that he will ascend to heaven in the future and become a permanent resident of Vishnu in Vishnu Temple.

Historical records of China

According to "Zhufanzhi" written by Zhao Yu 1225, the shipping administration department of Quanzhou in the Southern Song Dynasty, "Zhenla ... its land is about 7,000 miles, and the capital is in Russia. Officials and people learned that the bamboo courtyard was used as a house, and Queen Victoria carved stone as a room. There is a bluestone lotus pond, which spans about 30 feet across Jinqiao. This temple is magnificent and luxurious. "Lokor comes from Sanskrit nagara, which is later pronounced as" Angkor ",meaning the capital.

In the second year of Yuan Zhen (1296), Emperor Tiemo of Chengyuan sent Zhou Daguan to Zhenla. On February 20th, 1296, the delegation left Kaiyang, Wenzhou, followed the northeast trade wind, passed through Qizhouyang (Xisha Islands), and arrived in Zhancheng on March 15, 26 days before and after. It took more than four months to travel against the wind from Zhancheng, passing through Zhenpu, Cha 'nan, Halfway Village, Buddha Village (Bodhisattva House) and Danyang (now Tonle Sap Lake), and landed at Angkor Wat Pier ("Kampong") in July. Zhou Daguan and his mission were stationed in Angkor for a year. After returning home, Zhou Daguan wrote a report on Zhenlai customs, A Record of Zhenlai. The Record of True Wax calls Angkor Wat "Luban Tomb": Luban Tomb is a mile away from the south gate, surrounded by hundreds of stone houses. He also said that after the death of the king, there was a tower buried with him, which shows that Angkor Wat Temple is the imperial tomb.

Yuan Dynasty navigator Wang Dayuan visited Angkor Wat in 1330-1339. He called Angkor Wat "Sangxiang Buddhist Temple", which indicated that Angkor Wat had been changed into a Buddhist temple in the middle of14th century. Wang Dayuan also reported that Angkor Wat was "wrapped in Jin Shiqiao for more than 40 feet", which is very gorgeous and has the language of "wealth and true wax".

In the first year of Yongle (1403), Ming Chengzu sent Yin Shou to Zhenla. Yin Mao started from Guangzhou, passed Zhancheng by sea, crossed freshwater lake (now Tonle Sap Lake) and Bodhisattva Island, and arrived at Zhenla by Angkor Wat. After returning to China, Yin Shou painted the mountains, rivers, geography and what Angkor saw, which made Ming Chengzu very happy.

Give up Angkor wat

143 1 year,

Siam destroyed Angkor Wat, the capital of Zhenla, and Zhenla moved its capital to Phnom Penh. The next year, Angkor Wat was abandoned by Khmer people, and the forest gradually covered the uninhabited Angkor Wat.

Later, some Khmer hunters went hunting in the forest and came across this magnificent temple. Some local Buddhists also built huts next to temples and worshipped in them, but most of the remains of Angkor are unknown to the world.

/kloc-in the 6th century, this temple was called "Angkor Wat"; "Angkor Wat" comes from Nagara (the capital), the cave is the "temple" in Khmer, and "Angkor Wat" is the "capital temple".

be found

1586, Franciscan monk and traveler Antonio da Magdalena visited Angkor, and reported his experience of visiting Angkor to Portuguese historian diogo Dokuto: "This city is square, surrounded by moats ... The building is unique, unparalleled and indescribable." However, Da Magdalena's report was regarded as an absurd story by the world and laughed it off.

1857, the French missionary Father Charles Emile Bouvier in Battambang wrote a travel note of Zina, Annan and Cambodia, 1848+0856, which reported the situation of Angkor, but it didn't attract attention.

186 1 year 1 month, while searching for tropical animals, the French biologist henri mouhot accidentally discovered the magnificent and amazing remains of ancient temples in the virgin forest, and wrote a book Travels of Siam, Cambodia and Laos, which was greatly hyped. He said, "The grandeur of the temples here is far superior to everything left by ancient Greece and Rome. He walked out of the dense Angkor Wat Temple and instantly returned to the world.

Emile Chisar, a French photographer, was the first photographer to photograph Angkor Wat in the world. The photos of Angkor Wat released by him in 1866 let people witness the majestic scenery of Angkor Wat.

Restoration project

1907, Siam returned Siem Reap and Battambang provinces to Cambodia.

From 1908, the French Far East Institute began to carry out decades-long detailed restoration projects on a large number of Angkor Wats. Angkor Wat 190 meter wide moat, like a barrier, blocked the siege of the forest, so Angkor Wat is the most intact than other Angkor monuments. However, miscellaneous trees are still growing, and some roots are deeply embedded in the cracks of red clay bricks in some buildings, gradually expanding the cracks, and finally pushing down the red clay bricks, leading to the collapse of buildings. The restoration project includes several aspects: removing weeds, trees, accumulated soil and termites, stabilizing foundations and supporting crumbling buildings, and then applying the analysis and reconstruction techniques developed by archaeologists in the reconstruction of ancient sites in Athens, Greece, Indonesia and Java to the reconstruction of Angkor. The project of cleaning Angkor Wat was completed in 19 1 1.

In 1930s, Angkor Wat was restored through analytical reconstruction. The analysis and reconstruction method requires that the original materials of the site must be used to restore the site according to the original ancient construction method. Only when the original materials are gone can the substitutes be used properly. This work was suspended in the 1960s due to the political turmoil in Cambodia and resumed in the 1960s.

Angkor Wat Temple became a Mahayana Buddhist temple in the middle of14th century, because Mahayana Buddhism was regarded as the national religion by King Jaya Varman VII of Zhenla in13rd century. /kloc-After Siam invaded Angkor in the early 5th century, Angkor Wat Temple became a Buddhist temple at the top because Siam people believed in Hinayana Buddhism. Since then, Angkor Wat Temple has been a Hinayana Buddhist temple, which has continued to this day.

O Segredo

Angkor Wat was built by a Southeast Asian nation named Jigme (now called Khmer), which probably started in 802 AD, when Kuyepomo II established a brilliant Khmer empire and prospered for 600 years.

/kloc-in the 0/2nd century, Angkor architecture reached its artistic climax. At that time, all the walls of Angkor Wat Temple were carved with exquisite reliefs, and there was a promenade facing all directions around each platform, connecting temples, pyramids and stairs. Even the walls of the promenade are engraved with reliefs describing ancient Indian myths and stories. Angkor wat temple is not only huge in scale, but also has a dike road nearly 10 meters wide outside the temple. Through the gate of the temple, huge and majestic Naga snake statues stand on both sides of the embankment.

Generally speaking, all the temples in the world face east and west, but the gate of Angkor Wat Temple faces west, which puzzled archaeologists who later studied the Khmer Rouge. Since then, the city-building work of Angkor Kings has been handed down from generation to generation.

The architecture of Angkor civilization is exquisite and breathtaking, but in the early15th century, people suddenly went to the city. In the following centuries, Angkor Wat became a Lin Mang and overgrown wasteland, and only a once glorious ancient city was hidden in it. Until the discovery of this relic by Mu 'ao in19th century, even the local residents in Cambodia knew nothing about it.

It stands to reason that the culture of any nation should have its continuity, and Angkor is a dynasty that once flourished for 600 years, but its culture suddenly stopped and disappeared in the long river of history.

According to the survey, more than one million people once lived in Angkor area. Where did this country and these people go? This is really an unsolved mystery. But experts speculate that it is most likely because of the invasion of foreign enemies, but foreign enemies invaded. This may lead to regime change, but it is impossible to make all the people of a nation disappear.