Which is the earlier history, China Shang Dynasty or Maya civilization?

Shang Dynasty, also known as Yin and Shang Dynasty [note 1] (about17th century-about1century [note 2]) is the first dynasty in China with direct written records of the same period. In the late Shang Dynasty, the history of China changed from a period of doubt to a period of trust. Shang Dynasty is an empire after Xia Dynasty in the history of China, with more archaeological discoveries than Xia Dynasty. Shang Tang, the leader of Shang tribe in the former Xia Dynasty, led the establishment of vassal states after the Xia Dynasty was destroyed by the Battle of Mingtiao. 17 generations after 3 1 kings, the last king, Shang Zhouwang, was defeated by Zhou Wuwang in the battle of Makino, and died in the battle of Taishan against the eastern countries.

According to the latest dating project of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Shang dynasty replaced Xia dynasty in about 1600 to 1556, and was annihilated by Zhou Wuwang on about 1046 65438+ 10, for a total of 5 10 years (or 554 years). According to the calendar calculated by Dong Zuobin, a historian in the early years of the Republic of China, the establishment time of Shang Dynasty should be 1766 to11year, totaling 655 years. Dong Zuobin's statement was generally adopted by historians of the Republic of China.

During the more than 650 years of Shang Dynasty, the capital was moved five times, and four of the five major capitals were in Henan [1]. At present, city-scale sites have been found in yanshi city, Zhengzhou and Anyang, and a large number of Shang cultural remains have been found in Xinyang, wen county, Huixian and Xinzheng.

The documents about the Shang Dynasty were basically lost or not circulated earlier. What we know now mostly comes from the records of the Zhou Dynasty behind them, the historical records of Sima Qian in the Han Dynasty, and the records of inscriptions on bronze and Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty. Among them, the records of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen are the earliest systematic characters in China.

After the discovery of the ruins of Yin Ruins in the first half of the 20th century, Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed from Yin Ruins almost completely confirmed the Wangshang clan recorded in Sima Qian's Historical Records. In modern times, cultural relics unearthed in non-Central Plains areas, such as Sanxingdui culture centered on Chengdu and Guanghan, and Tanzheli site in Ningxiang, Hunan Province, also proved that there were developed non-Central Plains civilizations in the Yangtze River basin in Shang Dynasty, which were also outstanding.

Maya civilization is an outstanding representative of Latin American ancient Indian civilization and American ancient Indian civilization, named after Indian Maya. It was formed around 2500 BC and mainly distributed in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Brazil, Belize, Honduras and western El Salvador. Mayan civilization has made great achievements in material culture, science and art.