Look for five scientists from ancient and modern times at home and abroad and their main deeds

1. Deng Jiaxian

Deng Jiaxian is mainly engaged in research in nuclear physics, theoretical physics, neutron physics, plasma physics, statistical physics and fluid mechanics and has made outstanding achievements. Since 1958, he has organized and led the basic theoretical research on detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state, neutron transport, etc., and conducted a large number of simulation calculations and analyzes on the physical processes of atomic bombs, thereby taking the first step in China's independent research and design of nuclear weapons. In the first step, he led the completion of the theoretical plan for China's first atomic bomb and participated in guiding the detonation simulation test before the nuclear test. After the atomic bomb test was successful, he immediately organized forces to explore the design principles of hydrogen bombs and selected technical approaches. He organized, led and personally participated in the development and testing of China's first hydrogen bomb in 1967. In 1979, Deng Jiaxian served as director of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute. In 1984, he directed the successful test of China's second-generation new nuclear weapons deep in the desert. Later it was known as "two bombs and one satellite".

2. Newton

Newton, the great British physicist. From 1685 to 1687, with the encouragement and sponsorship of astronomer Halley, Newton published the famous "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" and completed historic discoveries-the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, which played a vital role in the development of modern natural sciences. Made significant contributions. In 1703, he was elected president of the Royal Society. Newton not only made great contributions to mechanics, but also to other aspects. In terms of mathematics, he discovered the binomial theorem and founded calculus; in terms of optics, he conducted experiments on the dispersion of sunlight, proving that white light is composed of monochromatic light, studied the theory of color, and also Invented the reflecting telescope.

3. Zu Chongzhi

Zu Chongzhi (429-500) was an outstanding mathematician, astronomer and mechanical manufacturer during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In terms of astronomy, Zu Chongzhi created the famous new calendar in the history of Chinese calendar - "Da Ming Calendar". In the "Da Ming Calendar", he cited precession for the first time, which was a major reform in the history of our country's calendar; he also adopted a new leap week with 144 leap months in 391 years, which is more advanced than the 19-year leap week with 7 leap months invented in ancient times. Precision. The tropical year and nodal month number calculated by Zu Chongzhi are very close to the observed values. In mathematics, Zu Chongzhi calculated that the true value of pi should be between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, more than a thousand years earlier than Europe. In terms of machinery manufacturing, it has produced a copper-cast compass, a water mill that uses water power to pound rice and grind it, a "thousand-mile ship" that can travel hundreds of miles a day, and timekeeping instruments such as a clepsydra and a kettle. In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's achievements, people named a crater on the back of the moon "Zu Chongzhi Crater" and the asteroid 1888 "Zu Chongzhi Asteroid".

4. Cha Qian

Cha Qian is a physicist and educator. For the first time, evaporated platinum sheets were used to study the asymmetry of the photoelectric effect, clearly defining the conditions for the occurrence of asymmetry and eliminating conflicts with quantum theory caused by asymmetry. At the same time, it also pointed out the correct way to measure Planck's constant using the photoelectric effect method. He devoted his life to education and founded the physics departments of Wuhan University and Huazhong Institute of Technology. He actively advocates "experiment-based" teaching and research methods and has cultivated many physics talents for our country.

5. Edison

Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 - October 18, 1931), was born in Milan, Ohio, USA , died in West Orange, New Jersey, USA. Inventor, entrepreneur.

Edison was the first person in human history to use mass production principles and electrical engineering research laboratories to engage in invention patents that had a major and far-reaching impact on the world. His inventions of the phonograph, movie camera, and electric light had a great impact on the world. He made more than 2,000 inventions in his lifetime and held more than 1,000 patents.