Several methods of photographic composition

Introduction: Composition is an important factor in expressing the content of a work, and it is the organization method of visual art language in the work. Photography composition refers to how to cleverly arrange people, scenery, and objects in the picture to obtain the best layout. At the same time, it is also the whole means of combining and revealing the image. Let’s take a look below!

Any excellent photographic work is a complex unity of thought and visual art

1. The law of the golden section and the grasp of the subject

In In photography composition, using the golden ratio to compose shots can better highlight the main object, make the picture more coordinated, and achieve better framing effects.

Placing the subject in the center of the picture is usually rigid, and the picture easily loses its overall coordination. In order to achieve a better composition effect, the photographer can use the golden section method to compose the picture, slightly shifting the subject from the center and placing it at the intersection of the golden section. Using foils to set off the main subject in the picture can play an emphasis role. By changing the position of the golden section, 4 different intersection points can be formed. Reasonable use of the golden section method to layout the camera shooting scene can show stable and beautiful picture effects. But you cannot blindly use this composition method. When shooting, you need to choose an appropriate composition method for different shooting scenes.

Using the golden section to compose photos, it has new visual effects that highlight the expression of the subject, and the theme is clear

Two and three-thirds composition

Three-thirds The rule is actually a simplified version of the golden section, whose basic purpose is to avoid symmetrical compositions. Symmetrical compositions usually place the subject in the center of the picture, which often results in a dull and lifeless picture.

The rule of thirds is also applicable to vertical compositions. Place the main object at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical trisection lines to achieve the effect of highlighting the main object and better express the idea of ??the picture. If the subject is placed in the middle of the picture, the picture will appear rigid and monotonous; if the picture is filled with the entire subject, it will feel lack of flexibility and the composition will appear to be a failure.

In the picture on the left, the horizontal plane formed by the trees is first used as a dividing line and placed in one third of the picture to make the picture stable and harmonious. The picture on the right does not belong to the rule of thirds

3. The foreground in the picture Is it important?

The foreground is the scene in front of the subject in the picture and closest to the viewer's vision. The foreground is generally located at the four sides and corners of the front edge of the picture. Because the foreground scene is closest to the viewer, it is generally relatively large in appearance. It is easy to attract attention and helps to highlight something. Therefore, many pictures have no foreground, but Place the subject directly in this position to highlight the subject.

The foreground can play a role in explaining the characteristics of the environment and rendering the atmosphere of the environment. It can not only beautify the picture, but also express the theme more deeply.

The foreground can also make up for the excessive blank space caused by the sky and the ground in the picture, and can play a role in balancing the picture. We usually use doors, windows, railings, bridges, etc. to create framed foregrounds, which can strengthen the pattern beauty of the picture and make the picture appear more independent and complete. Especially decorative foregrounds have this effect; and it is also helpful to draw the attention of the viewer Attention is focused on the subject of the picture; at the same time, the frame can also block unnecessary clutter that hinders the highlighting of the subject.

In foreground processing, first of all, we must avoid "foreground for the sake of foreground", only consider the pursuit of form, and ignore the connotative connection between the foreground scenery and the main thing; secondly, we must prevent the foreground from destroying and dividing the picture. , Foregrounds with too dark tones, too large images, and too strong brightness will often affect the passage of sight and become visual obstacles; thirdly, under normal circumstances, there is no need to have a fuzzy and large foreground, because it violates the laws of human vision. Generally, the foreground is real, otherwise the sense of space and perspective will be relatively weakened.

4. Expression of beautiful postures

From an artistic point of view, beautiful postures in portrait photography should not be deliberately posed, but in commercial portrait photography, the subjects Everyone hopes to see themselves in the photos as the most beautiful and ideal self. In this way, in photography, the photographer needs to first understand the subject, design the ideal shape according to its own conditions, and adjust it to maximize its strengths and avoid weaknesses.

The hands are the second face of the subject. In portrait photography, the subject’s emotions can be expressed on the face. The hands can also express certain emotions, making this emotion Be more fully and more perfectly present. In portrait photography, women generally use lively, romantic, exaggerated or quiet, elegant, and contented gestures; men generally use steady, resolute, powerful, or chic and generous gestures. During the shooting process, in addition to expressing emotions, the hands and arms of the subject should also pay attention to modifying the body shape and face shape of the subject. For example, when the subject's face is fat, you can use hand gestures to cover up his face, so that the photo can not only show the elegance and charm of the subject, but also beautify the face.

When the arms are making gestures, the big arm is generally used to drive the forearm, and the forearm should be as slender, light and soft as possible.

There is a structural line between the left shoulder and the right shoulder. This line is an important factor in expressing the space of the picture. In the picture on the right, the left shoulder arm has been cut off in half, there is still deformation, and the composition is rigid

When posing for the subject, you must pay attention to starting from the feet, because only after the subject's feet stand firm, the center of gravity of the human body can be balanced. The body can stretch freely. When posing for beauty, the general requirement is to start from the feet position first, so as to facilitate the twisting changes of the subject's body and limbs.

5. The difference between horizontal composition and vertical composition

Horizontal composition is the most natural-looking and most commonly used form of composition. In horizontal composition pictures, horizontal lines are emphasized, giving the picture an inherent stability. The horizontal connections between things, the horizontal arrangement of things, and the horizontal movement of moving objects can be highlighted, such as a broad horizon, a calm sea, Communication between characters, etc.; horizontal frame composition is also conducive to expressing the ups and downs of rhythm. If the horizontal frame is widened, the styling power of the horizontal lines will be further strengthened. Vertical composition is also a commonly used frame format, which is good for expressing scenery with obvious vertical lines, which often appear tall, straight and solemn. In a vertical composition, the viewer's gaze can be viewed up and down, and the contents of the upper and lower parts of the picture can be connected. Vertical composition is also conducive to expressing things that are far away. It is often combined with an overhead shot to show the extension of things on a plane and highlight the far and near levels. If the vertical composition frame is lengthened, the strength of the picture can be enhanced.

When taking photos of different scenes, different themes and content, we choose to use appropriate compositions to create. Different compositions can produce different image effects. You should learn to flexibly use the horizontal and vertical compositions of the camera for creative shooting.

Photos taken with vertical compositions are better able to express urgency and tension. Horizontal banner images can meet the requirements of human beings for a broad field of vision