What are the commonly used color filters? What are the special effects after use?

The types of color filters \ x0d \ x0d \ are usually called color filters. They are usually colored, most of them are monochrome, and the color is not too strong. In addition, there are colorless, ultra-concentrated monochrome, multicolor, semi-color and semi-colorless color filters with colorless centers around them, which are made for special purposes. Such as ultraviolet filter, infrared filter, trichromatic filter, skylight filter, fog mirror and neutral grey mirror, starlight mirror, diffusion mirror, light mirror, etc. \x0d\ x0d \ UV filter (UV mirror for short) \ x0d \ UV filters are mostly colorless, and some are reddish or yellowish. Ultraviolet rays have a great influence on the clarity of images. This ultraviolet filter can absorb ultraviolet rays. In mountain photography with more ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet filters are necessary accessories. The colorless UV mirror loses very little light (about 10%), so there is no need to increase the exposure when it is used. For example, when used with other filters, you only need to calculate the exposure coefficient of another filter. The red or yellow UV mirror factor is 1. \x0d\ Modern color photographic films, whether negative or reversed, have added new anti-ultraviolet substances to the emulsion. Under normal circumstances, this kind of anti-ultraviolet color photographic film is usually used to replace the ultraviolet lens if it is not shot in the mountains or plateaus where there are many ultraviolet rays. \x0d\ x0d \ skylight filter \ x0d \ There are two kinds of skylight filters commonly used in modern photography, IA and IB, which are specially designed to reduce the unpleasant sky blue light in color photography, and they are extremely light pink or light orange. It has no light blocking factor, and black-and-white photography can also be used. Usually it can be added to the lens for a long time, and it can also be used to protect the lens. \x0d\ There is also a kind of skylight that is specially used to adjust the brightness of the sky. The upper part of the lens is colored and the lower part is colorless. This skylight filter can adjust the brightness of the sky and the contrast of the ground scene. In landscape photography, the yellow part is used to limit the blue-purple light in the sky, and the colorless part makes all the light of the scene pass through, thus obtaining the effect of uniform sensitivity and moderate performance of the sky and the scene. It is especially effective to shoot backlit scenery with skylight filter. When using this color filter to shoot scenes, it is advisable to take the sky part less than the ground scene, and it is not necessary to consider increasing the exposure when exposing. \x0d\x0d\ infrared filter \ x0d \ infrared filter is made of special colored optical glass, which can absorb all visible light in the spectrum and can only take infrared photography through invisible infrared rays. \x0d\ x0d \ tricolor filter \ x0d \ tricolor filter is made of two pieces of colorless glass with red, green and blue adhesive films in the middle, and the red and blue colors at both ends are slightly wider than the green color in the middle. In early color movies, this filter was used in film photography to shoot three-color movies. \x0d\x0d\ fog mirror \ x0d \ fog mirror is a special filter. Its shape is similar to tiny ground glass. Adding fog mirror to landscape photography can increase the sense of space depth and aerial perspective, and strengthen the effect of fog. Side light or backlight photography with fog mirror has the best effect and the thickest fog atmosphere; If you use a fog mirror in light, the effect is very poor, and there is almost no foggy atmosphere. Generally, there is no need to increase the exposure when using fog mirror. \x0d\x0d\ neutral gray color filter \ x0d \ neutral gray color filter absorbs light of various wavelengths indiscriminately, which can reduce the brightness of the shot scene and meet the needs of exposure combination without affecting the color contrast of the scene. In cinematography, the speed of the camera is fixed. For example, in bright environments such as seaside, desert and snow, the aperture is still overexposed when it is minimized. At this time, in order to reduce the brightness, we need to choose neutral gray filters with different densities. The exposure depends on the density of the color filter. The greater the density, the more exposure needs to be increased. Another filter is partially neutral gray and the rest is transparent. Its function is to partially reduce the brightness of bright scenes, and it is often unnecessary to increase exposure when used. ]