Lighting technology of portrait camera composition method

Understand the nature and function of light, as well as all kinds of light and shadow changes caused by its projection on the theme, and apply it to photography. This knowledge and application technology of light is photographic lighting technology. Its content can be roughly divided into outdoor portrait lighting technology and indoor portrait lighting technology.

In life and photography, light is the most important factor in the formation of all images and colors, and it is also an indispensable factor in creating the three-dimensional sense of everything in the universe. With light, human eyes can see the shape and color of everything.

In the field of portrait photography, different lighting methods will make the same portrait feel fat, thin, soft and hard, so lighting technology plays a very important role in portrait photography. Of course, if a photo only needs a general image and does not need the effect of three-dimensional light and shadow, lighting becomes less important.

The following is a brief list of lighting skills, which is the basic knowledge about light and lighting skills commonly used in portrait photography.

In the portrait photography in the shed, in order to achieve a more perfect lighting effect, the indoor studio must have more than two lights for lighting. This lighting technology is called "double lighting method". According to the function of each lamp, it can be divided into: ① main light; (2) auxiliary lights; 3 effect light. The light source of effect light can be subdivided into: ① background light; 2 lighting; (3) spotlight special effects lights, etc. As for the number of illumination light sources for illumination, there is no limit, and the number of lamps can be increased or decreased according to actual needs.

In addition to the above basic knowledge, the following common lighting knowledge needs to be familiar with:

(1) light ratio: In portrait photography, except for the bright part projected by the main light source, there is still a proper proportion of supplementary light in the opposite dark part, so as to take photos with proper contrast between light and dark. The luminosity ratio between bright and dark parts in a photo is called luminosity ratio. This is an extremely important technology in photography and lighting. Only by controlling the light ratio can we take photos with beautiful contrast between light and shade. Generally, the ratio of bright part to dark part is about 3: 1 (three times light in bright part and one time light in dark part), and the light ratio above 4: 1 (four times light in bright part and one time light in dark part) is quite different. These light ratios can be measured by an exposure instrument, which is commonly used by professional photographers.

(2) Utilization of direct light: In sunny outdoor weather, the sun is mostly direct light. Bare light in indoor shed (when there is no shelter or reflector light source) belongs to direct light type. This is a masculine and tough light quality. When used in portrait photography, it is difficult to produce soft texture and strong contrast between light and shade, so it is not suitable for direct lighting in portrait photography. The creators who like hard texture or landscape photography are not subject to this restriction.

(3) Utilization of scattered light: The reflected light is diffused by the outdoor sun through clouds or other shelters, which is called scattered light. The light refracted by reflective umbrella, shadowless hood or reflector in indoor shed belongs to scattered light. This is a soft light quality and an ideal light source for portrait photography, which can make the skin texture of portrait photography soft and beautiful.

The outdoor portrait lighting method and indoor portrait lighting method mentioned above are both light and shadow control technologies often used by photographers. Photographers can also create various lighting methods with changes or atmosphere according to their own preferences. Only in the overall performance of images and light and shadow, there needs to be a sense of beauty with the human body, not a high-profile photo, otherwise the appreciation significance of portrait photography will be lost.

As long as you can create excellent works of artistic appreciation and singing, no matter what lighting and lighting techniques are used, they are valuable and the ultimate goal of lighting technique learning.