Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - When will New Year pictures be posted during the Spring Festival?
When will New Year pictures be posted during the Spring Festival?
Why should New Year pictures be posted during the Spring Festival? New Year pictures, originated from ancient door god paintings. Han's "Vulgarity and Righteousness" records: "... painting tigers at the station, all chasing the past and guarding the fierce." It can be seen that the door god painting existed before the Han Dynasty. Jin's Chronicle of Jingchu's Age records: "Sticking a picture of a cat and chicken door with a reed rope on it and inserting a peach symbol next to it is a ghost's fear." In ancient times, there was a custom of putting pictures on doors, mostly characters in myths and legends, to ward off evil spirits and avoid harm.
The significance of posting New Year pictures in the Spring Festival ~! ~ speed! A picture that decorates the environment when celebrating the New Year. New Year pictures are a unique folk art form in China, which is adapted to people's custom activities to celebrate the New Year. New Year pictures first appeared in Qin and Han Dynasties. At that time, Shen Tu, Lei Yu and Tiger were painted on the gate every New Year's Eve to drive away ghosts and ominous things. By the end of the Song Dynasty, the new year's goods markets in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) were all sold by door gods, Zhong Kui and other gods for the Chinese New Year. With the enrichment of New Year celebrations in urban and rural areas, New Year pictures have been expanded to show beautiful women, dolls, customs, operas and other themes, and block printing has begun, which has accelerated its development and popularization. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, the commercial handicraft industry developed further, and the color overprint technology in block printing also became mature, which greatly promoted the painting and sales of woodblock New Year pictures, and many places of origin of New Year pictures appeared one after another throughout the country. Among them, Tianjin Yangliuqing New Year Pictures and Suzhou Taohuawu New Year Pictures have become two major centers in the north and south. Other New Year pictures printed in Zhuxian Town of Henan, Wuqiang of Hebei, wei county of Shandong, Linfen of Shanxi, Fengxiang of Hanzhong of Shaanxi, Liangping of Mianzhu of Sichuan, Shaoyang of Hunan, Foshan of Guangdong, Quanzhou of Zhangzhou of Fujian and Tainan of Taiwan Province. It is also famous in the world, forming different styles in art, and the theme content is more diverse, which has become the prosperity of woodblock New Year pictures. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, due to imperialist invasion and domestic reactionary rule, the countryside was impoverished, which affected the sales of woodblock New Year pictures and gradually declined. However, in Shanghai, Tianjin and other cities, there have been lithographs and offset New Year pictures, among which the most popular is the monthly brand New Year pictures. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, revolutionary artists who fought in Yan 'an and Taihang Mountain absorbed folk New Year pictures and created New Year pictures with new contents, which opened up a new road for New Year pictures. After 1949, New Year pictures continued to develop and became one of the paintings with a wide range of people.
New Year pictures are mainly used as holiday decorations, and their basic artistic features are festive content, rich romantic colors and corresponding lively forms. New Year pictures have a wide range of themes, including auspicious customs and life, news anecdotes, characters' stories in traditional Chinese operas and novels, ladies, babies, landscape flowers and birds, auspicious patterns and so on. And some new things are always reflected in New Year pictures quickly. In the 20th century, there also appeared satirical themes that criticized and exposed ugly behaviors and news New Year pictures depicting political events. Compared with other painting forms, New Year pictures emphasize decoration and entertainment. Woodblock New Year pictures adapt to the decoration needs of different regions and different environments, and create various styles such as door painting, calendar painting, nave, four screens, window tops, windows, kang wai, and Fuzi lights. When depicting beautiful images, New Year pictures often use homophonic means well known to the masses to express auspicious contents, such as pine, crane, peach and ganoderma lucidum symbolizing longevity, lotus and fish homophonic symbolizing the New Year, and peony in a bottle symbolizing peace and wealth. In the New Year pictures that show historical stories and traditional Chinese operas, there are also single pictures, group pictures, comic books (or screen pictures) and other styles. New Year pictures also emphasize handsome characters, auspicious titles, bright colors and pleasing to the eye, expressing the happy mood of the New Year. Most of the authors of New Year pictures are familiar with the life and hobbies of the masses, and their creations are close to the needs of the masses, so they are loved by the masses. Because New Year pictures are posted in thousands of households, it has a great influence on people's ideological sentiment and aesthetic taste.
In the development of New Year pictures, there are many forms because of the different production methods of painting and printing. Most of the early New Year pictures were drawn by hand. There are still dusty New Year pictures in Gaomi County, Shandong Province, that is, the draft is copied on paper with charcoal to speed up the drawing, and then the same draft can be drawn soon, which is more original. Woodblock New Year pictures began in the Song Dynasty at the latest. Early ink lines were carved out of wood blocks, and the color was set manually. Watermark color matching was popular after the Ming Dynasty, which was simple, strong and gorgeous. However, in some areas (such as Yangliuqing, Tianjin), after color mixing, New Year pictures are painted on people's clothes and other parts by hand, forming a delicate and delicate form of half-printing and half-painting. Lithographic and offset New Year pictures are produced with the development of modern printing technology, which can print pictures with complex colors. Among them, Cantonese New Year pictures are all the rage because they absorb the festive and prosperous characteristics of folk New Year pictures and use charcoal and watercolor to render them, forming a delicate and realistic effect. After 1949, the New Year pictures absorbed various forms such as Chinese painting, oil painting, gouache painting and color photography, showing a more colorful face.
With the change of people's concepts and customs, New Year pictures are also changing in content and form. The superstitious elements of exorcism and blessing have basically disappeared, and the connotation of wealth and auspiciousness is also changing. Excellent traditional themes are still popular, and works reflecting new characters and new features are constantly emerging, which are widely distributed in many varieties and quantities every year, contributing to enriching the people's spiritual life on New Year's Day.
Why do people eat rice cakes and put up New Year pictures during the Spring Festival? In ancient times, science and technology were underdeveloped, and people regarded Kitchen God as the god in charge of family diet. They thought that Kitchen God would report to the Jade Emperor in the evening of off-year, and the Jade Emperor's rewards and punishments for this family were all reported by Kitchen God. The most folk sacrifice of Kitchen God is "honeydew melon". When honeydew melon is sweet, the Kitchen God can only sweet talk in front of the Jade Emperor. It is said that honeydew melons are sticky and can stick to the kitchen god's teeth, so that he can't speak ill of him. When offering sacrifices, the statue of Kitchen God, which has been offered for one year, is taken down and burned as a sacrifice to heaven. To this day, there is still a folk saying that "honeydew melons offer sacrifices to the stove and come in the New Year".
New Year's Eve refers to the last day of the twelfth lunar month (February 6 this year), which is connected with the Spring Festival (the first day of the first month). The word "except" in "New Year's Eve" is "go; Easy; "Alternation" means "the old year ends here and the new year begins tomorrow morning", so the activities in this period are centered on saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new, and praying for disaster relief. There are three main activities on New Year's Eve: having a reunion dinner, offering sacrifices and observing the New Year. One of the most striking features is observing the Year.
Shousui is commonly known as "staying up late", that is, on New Year's Eve, Da Dan doesn't sleep. Legend has it that there was a fierce monster called Nian in ancient times, which came out to devour people and animals on the last night of the twelfth lunar month, endangering people. Later, people found that its weakness was fear of fire and sound, so on New Year's Eve, people stayed up all night, lit a fire, burned bamboo and made it explode. This monster did not dare to do evil in 2008. Since then, the custom of staying up late for sex on New Year's Eve has been left. However, there is still an important job in guarding the old age: jiaozi and jiaozi with vegetarian stuffing. This is the hope that in the new year, it will be "flat and light, safe and smooth". Some people put sugar, peanuts and other things in jiaozi. Those who eat sugar live a long life, while those who eat peanuts live a long life.
There are still many taboos about observing age. For example, sweeping the floor is forbidden. During the off-year holiday, the corners that are difficult to reach at ordinary times should be cleaned. But from New Year's Eve to New Year's Day, even if the ground is chaotic, it is customary to think that it will "break the money". For another example, banning cutting and saying "no" are all psychological reflections of people's wish for good luck.
Eating habits The diet during the Spring Festival is very particular. The northern folk proverb says, "the first day of the cross, the second day of the cross, the third day of the cross, and the fourth day of the pancake." Jiaozi is one of the important foods in the Spring Festival. In addition to eating jiaozi on New Year's Eve (the last day of the twelfth lunar month), you should also eat jiaozi on the first and fifth days of the first month, but the way to eat jiaozi in these three days is quite different. Jiaozi eaten on New Year's Eve must be vegetarian, which means that the coming year will be safe and plain, and jiaozi can't cook it all at once; The first day I ate jiaozi, I must have eaten it on New Year's Eve (that is, last night). When eating jiaozi on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, it must be made into a "lace shape", commonly known as "squeezing a villain's mouth", in order to prevent a villain from playing tricks on others and making good luck in the coming year.
Another tradition of the Spring Festival is the rice cake, which is made of glutinous rice and divided into north and south. In the north, rice cakes are steamed and fried, mostly sweet. In the south, rice cakes are fried piece by piece and cooked in soup, which is sweet and salty. Because Nian is homophonic with glutinous rice, eating glutinous rice rice cakes means that people are taller every year, which is people's expectation for the New Year. Over time, sticky rice cakes become sticky rice cakes.
Bedroom layout: During the Spring Festival, four stickers should be attached to the bedroom layout, including Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures and blessings. Stick grilles.
Sticking Spring Festival couplets: It originated from red wooden boards hanging on both sides of the door to ward off evil spirits. The ancients believed that mahogany had the function of exorcism. ) Later, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, unified the world and asked people all over the world to post couplets during the Spring Festival, praising the unity of the world, the unity of the country and the peace of the people. This is a custom. Song Shi * Shu Jia records the earliest picture of Spring Festival couplets "New Year's Eve is here, and New Year's Eve is at Jia Festival": from the content, it caters to the people's wishes for auspiciousness and celebration, and the common themes of bumper harvest, many children, many blessings and long life are "Ma Gu's birthday", "Heaven's daughter scattered flowers", "Kirin sent children" and "Zhong Kui". China's famous New Year pictures are produced in Yangliuqing in Tianjin, Taohuawu in Suzhou, Wuqiang in Hebei and Weifang in Shandong.
Posting the word "Fu": commonly known as "Spring Fu" is to pray for a prosperous New Year and a long life. When pasting the word "fu", the word "fu" should be reversed and homophonic. This custom is still very popular today.
Stick grilles: Window grilles are usually used to decorate rooms, such as window grilles, door stickers, wall grilles and snuff. They have different shapes, can create freely and have very rich themes. Common ones are "Fat Pig Arch", "Mouse Married" and "More and more every year". However, the materials are very uniform, red paper with a small amount of gold, platinum and colored paper.
Collective worship activities during the Spring Festival;
According to the traditional custom, the group worship during the Spring Festival has a certain time sequence. On the first day of the Lunar New Year, neighbors or their relatives usually pay New Year greetings to each other. The next day, the married children took their husbands back to their parents' home to pay New Year greetings. On the third day, my aunt and my cousin's sons and nephews exchanged New Year greetings. For those relatives and friends who are not local or difficult to meet, they can also send New Year cards. This custom began in the Han Dynasty and was customized in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. It was called "Niantie, Nianpian" and wrote holiday greetings to send to relatives and friends. When relatives and friends walk around each other, they should give lucky money to their unemployed minor children. Usually, lucky money is good luck every Friday and every ten days.
When are New Year pictures usually posted? New Year picture
The custom in Beijing and Tianjin is the 29th of the twelfth lunar month.
When is the Spring Festival? Hello, it's my pleasure to answer.
perpetual calendar
20 15 February 19 lunar new year.
2065438+February 8, 2006 Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month.
Date: 20 15 Spring Festival, and Chinese New Year time: 20 15 February 19.
20 16 Spring Festival date, Chinese New Year time: 2065438+06 February 8th.
20 17 spring festival date, Chinese new year time: 2017 65438+1October 28th.
20 18 Spring Festival date, Chinese New Year time: 20 18 February 16.
Date: Spring Festival on 20 19, Spring Festival time: February 5, 2065438+09.
Date and time of Spring Festival travel rush in 2020: 65438+20201October 25th.
Spring Festival, that is, Lunar New Year, commonly known as Chinese New Year, generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. But among the people, the traditional Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial ceremony from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th of the first lunar month in La Worship, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as * * *.
When is the Spring Festival in 2005? 1 29th.
When is the peak of New Year pictures? A unique folk art form in China, that is, painting is used to decorate the environment during Chinese New Year holidays. Because of its special function, the festive content, romanticism and the splash of red flame have become the basic artistic characteristics of New Year pictures, while other painting forms pay more attention to decoration and entertainment. New Year pictures sprouted in the Qin and Han Dynasties, when people painted door gods on doors to ward off evil spirits. By the end of the Song Dynasty, there were door gods, Zhong Kui and other gods in the market for the New Year. In addition, the theme of New Year pictures has been extended to babies, beautiful women, operas and other aspects, and block printing has begun, which has accelerated the popularization of New Year pictures. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, the color overprint technology gradually matured, which promoted the development of New Year pictures, and many places of origin of New Year pictures appeared all over the country. Tianjin Yangliuqing New Year Pictures and Suzhou Taohuawu New Year Pictures have become the two major centers of North and South. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, woodblock New Year pictures gradually declined, and new year pictures printed in lithography and offset appeared in Shanghai, Tianjin and other cities, especially the new year pictures printed in the month brand were the most popular.
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