What kind of people can print money?

Celebrities all over the world have made great contributions.

In fact, the things printed on paper money in different countries are different. Some countries print their own people, some animals and some unique landscapes and buildings on paper money, while portraits are more common on paper money.

Then why are most countries willing to print people on paper money? Who but leaders and politicians can print a country's money? Why are there more men than women on the bill? How do countries generally decide the final candidate among several candidates?

Today yiduiread will talk about what he has learned from the portraits of banknotes in various countries.

The duty officer with money printed on his head dreamed of Jun and Sun Tian.

Why do you want to print people on paper money-there are many wrinkles and it is not easy to make fakes.

The currencies in the world can be divided into several different monetary systems by region, namely, European monetary system, Islamic monetary system, Indian monetary system and East Asian monetary system. Among these different monetary systems, only Europeans like to cast their heads on coins, while people in other regions carve words on coins.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the currency of the State of Wu was engraved with "a big spring and a thousand dollars", which meant the value of 1000 baht.

The earliest people who printed portraits on coins were the ancient Greeks and Romans. They like to print the head of God on coins. Later, with the deification of ancient Greek and Roman monarchs, the heads of many leaders appeared on coins used by local people. It is said that the first mortal to appear on a coin was Alexander. After Alexander's death, the divided successor country deified Alexander and minted coins with Alexander's head on them. Of course, these "earliest people in the world" have never lacked controversy. It is also reported that the first mortal to board the coin was Farnabazuz, a Persian who was then the hereditary governor of Heiles and Frazia.

It is said that the first mortal to board a coin-Pharnabazos.

In short, people have officially boarded the currency since then, and European paper money has continued this tradition in the future. Since modern times, with the rise of the West, the European monetary system has gradually replaced other monetary systems. Since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, China has abandoned its own monetary system and adopted the Western monetary system instead.

Since then, a large number of portraits have appeared on China's coins. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Li Hongzhang, Zhang Zhidong, Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shikai all appeared on banknotes in different periods. When the Republic of China was founded, Sun Yat-sen's head was cast on the commemorative coins issued.

Then the familiar Yuan Datou.

With the development of the times and the improvement of science and technology, people's counterfeiting technology is also developing rapidly. Because of the rich facial details of human beings, people are more sensitive and accurate in recognizing faces, and printing portraits on paper money has gradually become an important measure to curb counterfeit money in various countries.

As a result, China's banknotes are also printed with a large number of portraits. During the Republic of China, there were many kinds of banknotes in China, and the characters printed on them were also varied. Celebrities in different periods such as Confucius, Wang Yangming, Gou Jian and Huang Zongxi have also become patterns of different banknotes. Generally speaking, Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek were printed on the banknotes issued by the Kuomintang Central Government before liberation.

During the Agrarian Revolution, the Bank of chinese soviet republic also printed Lenin's head as a picture on the issued banknotes ▼

Later, the paper money issued by the People's Bank of China was printed with workers and peasants ▼

Paper money issued in some places is printed more casually. For example, at that time, the banknotes in Henan were printed with Yue Fei Yue Wumu ▼

The paper money issued by Manchukuo is not suitable for anyone to print. This is simply an antique with Confucius, Mencius, Guan Gong and the God of Wealth printed on it. ...

Writers, musicians and artists can all be patterns on paper money.

With more and more people who like paper money appearing in various countries, what kind of people can board a country's paper money has become an interesting topic. Yiduiread, who has seen the banknotes of countless different countries and different times, tells you responsibly that if you want your head portrait on a country's banknotes, you must make unremitting efforts to become a leader in your own industry.

In most countries, monarchs, leaders, heads of state and politicians are still the most common types of characters on paper money. Asian countries especially like to print political leaders on paper money. Famous people such as Genghis Khan, Gandhi, Kim Il Sung, Ho Chi Minh and Saddam Hussein were all elected. Similarly, the figures on the dollar are also presidents and politicians of past dynasties.

In contrast, European countries prefer outstanding people from all walks of life to political leaders. Scientists, thinkers, artists and writers are the kind of people that countries prefer to print on banknotes. Before the unified use of the euro, European countries' banknotes were printed with their own pride: Madame Curie and Montesquieu in France, Gauss and Goethe in Germany, Mozart and Freud in Austria, Chopin and Copernicus in Poland, all appeared on national banknotes. As for the Italians who are romantic to the bone, famous artists such as Raphael, panini, Michelangelo and Titian have all appeared in their paintings.

Since the birth of the pound, there has been an established rule. The patterns on the front of the banknotes are all monarchs at that time, while the figures on the back are mostly nameless statues. It was not until Shakespeare became the first person to have a surname on the back of the pound that celebrities from all fields were used on the back of the pound. For example, the figure on the back of 20 pounds now is Adam, a famous economist? Smith.

Is it a man or a woman printed on the bill? Feminists have something to say

In 2004, the Japanese Ministry of Finance issued three new types of banknotes, and the female head appeared on the Japanese yen banknotes for the first time. Appearing on the new 5000 yen banknote is Higuchi Ichiyo, a young female writer who was born in a poor family during the Meiji Restoration. Previously, Japan also designed female images in the process of issuing a new version of the yen. However, after the design scheme was released, designers found that most of the women on the pattern had delicate facial features and no wrinkles on their faces. Although the pattern is beautiful, it is not conducive to anti-counterfeiting. Finally, for the sake of currency security, bankers gave up the idea that women appeared in the currency.

Throughout the world's paper money, there are still far more male images on paper money than female ones. 20 13 the bank of England chose Churchill to replace Elizabeth? Frye (/kloc-an outstanding reformer of the prison system in the 0/9th century) has aroused protests from the British people, especially feminists, on the grounds that "there will be no women on the back of the sterling in circulation".

20 14, female writer Jane? Austin's shortlist is considered as compensation for this. At the same time, Queen Elizabeth of England is the most frequent woman who appears on paper money. Not only are the faces of British pounds in different currencies printed with the Queen's head, but the banknotes of two Commonwealth countries, Australia and New Zealand, also bear the portrait of Queen Elizabeth II. In addition, Mrs. Belon, Nightingale, Israeli poetess Rachel and Korean poetess Shen Shirentang also became the patterns on the banknotes of their respective countries.

In June this year, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it would issue a new version of 10 dollar bill printed with female images in 2020, and it has not yet been determined which female image to choose. However, the US Treasury Secretary said that this woman should "contribute to American democracy and represent American democratic values". 2020 is also the centenary of American women's voting rights. Portraits of American banknotes have always been dominated by white Americans, and portraits of women have not appeared on dollar banknotes for nearly 150 years.

The first woman to appear on American paper money was Indian Princess pocahontas. What, does that sound familiar to you? Yes, it's pocahontas in the comic book "In the Frozen Wind". Her face once appeared on the $20 from 1865 to 1869.

In Northern Europe and Australia, where women's rights are relatively developed, gender equality in paper money is also in the forefront of the world. On different versions of Swedish krona and banknotes of different denominations, many local female images have appeared, including the famous Hollywood actress Greta? Garbo, soprano Bilgit? Nelson and children's literature writer Lin Gelun, etc.

Denmark, which is also a Nordic country, issued a set of beautiful and handsome Danish krone in 1972. It has six currencies and consists of a man and five women of different ages. They are Danish painter Jens? Yule's self-portrait and his five exquisite portraits.

1972 Danish 10 kroner paper money, by Danish painter Jens? Yule's painting Madame Kirchhoff

Australia has done the most thorough in the equality between men and women in paper money. Except for the five Australian dollars printed on the front with Queen Elizabeth and Capitol Hill on the back, all other Australian dollars are printed with a man and a woman on both sides.

Most countries adopt democratic centralism in deciding who to print banknotes.

Having said that, yiduiread can't help thinking of a question: Who will decide who to print money for?

The process for the Bank of England to publicly solicit the new version of the head portrait is as follows: the British public can nominate to the Committee within two months. Of course, the central bank also has certain requirements for the nominated candidates. The requirement this time is that the nominee's works must influence and reflect the innovation, leadership and value of British society, and its influence still exists to provide inspiration for people. At the same time, the nominee must be a deceased person.

Finally, this list will be handed over to a committee composed of the Governor, Deputy Governor and experts of the Bank of England, and the committee will make comprehensive consideration and select 3-5 candidates from it. The final decision belongs to the British governor, who will announce the final result in the spring of 20 16.

The decision-making procedures in the United States, Europe and other countries are similar. Generally speaking, most countries will ask the public for their opinions on who to print banknotes, but these opinions are only used as a reference to form a candidate list, and the final decision is mostly in the hands of central bank governors.