Who has read The Unbearable Lightness of Life? Tell me, learn from it. I don't understand.

Milan Kundera said that growing up in a small country is really an advantage to him, because in a small country, you can either be a poor and narrow-minded person or a cosmopolitan with extensive knowledge. Kundera is a cosmopolitan person. He said, "If a writer writes something that only people in that country can understand, he is not only sorry for all the people in the world, but also sorry for his compatriots, because his compatriots can only become short-sighted after reading his works." The Unbearable Lightness of Life is based on the lives of doctor Thomas, photographer Theresa, painter sabine and university teacher Flantz. Through their emotional entanglements, it shows the life and feelings of people from all walks of life in Czech society after the Soviet invasion, and makes a philosophical discussion on the "kitsch" nature of human nature, thus having the profound connotation of moving from a nation to all mankind. The unbearable lightness of life

In this novel, Milan Kundera introduces the novel to the philosophical level by focusing on the different experiences of several characters and through their choices of life, thinking about many categories such as return, kitsch, forgetfulness, time contingency, inevitability and so on. This is a philosophical novel, which is different from the traditional novel. It does not attract readers through the story situation itself, but introduces readers into philosophical thinking and causes readers' metaphysical thinking through specific events in life. Milan Kundera has become the most striking writer in the world literary world because of her ability to combine novel art with modern western philosophy. Milan Kundera's thought has a strong existential tendency, so in The Unbearable Lightness of Life, the author's concern about the fate and value of life is the theme of the book. The existence and value of life is an unavoidable problem for anyone, and life is just a process. In Milan Kundera's view, life is a kind of pain, which comes from our wrong choice of life goals and wrong judgment of life value. Everyone in the world is tirelessly pursuing their own goals, but they don't know that the goal itself is a kind of emptiness. Life has become vulgar because of "pursuit", and human beings have become slaves to "pursuit". In the name of "pursuit", whether it is depravity or conformity, it will only repeat the predecessors endlessly. So there will only be two words left in human history-"kitsch". The word kitsch originated from German and was quoted by Milan Kundera in many speeches. Kundera believes that kitsch is an act of pleasing the public with an artificial attitude, which erodes the original beautiful mind of human beings and is a disease of civilization. He even pointed out that modernism in art has almost become a new fashion, a new kitsch, and lost the original intention of liberating individuality. Vulgarity is not only our enemy, but also ourselves. In The Unbearable Lightness of Life, Kundera expressed his views through sabina's thinking. As long as there is a public, as long as we pay attention to the existence of the public, rather than acting according to our own wishes, it is inevitable to be kitsch. Whether we admit it or not, kitsch is an indispensable part of the human state, and few people can be exquisite. Vulgarity is not only a problem of some people or countries, but also a problem of all mankind. Because of kitsch, people often use will instead of personal pursuit, and because of kitsch, people often distort their own value judgments to cater to the overall value orientation. When the whole value judgment system is completely weightless, beauty and ugliness, good and evil, good and bad can't be distinguished, or even a whole can't be formed, life becomes at a loss and unbearable lightness under the heavy resistance of the outside world and the heart. Street view of Prague

Since the birth of mankind, we have faced two universes: the infinitely distant outer universe and the infinitely deep inner universe. The exploration of the two universes began almost simultaneously. But in different periods, the proportion of these two explorations in human life is very different, so people choose completely different works to express this rational exploration. In the era of heroic epic, people explore space and conquer nature, showing great power that other animals can't match. This indomitable mental state is best expressed in symphony works. Once the exploration and conquest of the outside world reaches a certain level, when human eyes begin to turn to the essential meaning of life and the self-criticism of human nature, the grand symphony will seem a bit too grand and inappropriate, and it will be difficult to integrate into the rhythm of this era. This may explain why Homer, Balzac and Tolstoy can't be produced in our time. Instead of symphony, it should be exquisite and elegant chamber music, and the most beautiful and perfect form of chamber music is quartet. Two violins, a viola and a cello are enough to convey any sound of this era. Kundera's Unbearable Lightness in Life, a former jazz musician, is a wonderful work among countless profound quartets today. No modern writer has penetrated the unpredictable political cloud barrier and stabbed the deep-seated human nature like Kundera. In the transition from * * * temporal explanation to diachronic explanation, Kundera metaphysically criticized the essence of life, thus reaching the core of human inner universe and completing his rational exploration of the inner universe. Kundera reveals the unbearable lightness of human life, but he, like us, is unable to solve this problem. Because it is impossible to' never return'. National history and personal life are only one-off. Without the preliminary arrangement and draft, the choice becomes meaningless. We don't choose kitsch, what else can we choose? Isn't Anzhi's determination and courage to fight against kitsch another kind of kitsch? How can a person living on the earth avoid kitsch? If kitsch is inevitable, aren't all' heavy and difficult resolutions' as light as a feather? This is another unbearable lightness in life. Kundera thus expressed doubts about the ultimate meaning of life, which our predecessors took for granted and firmly believed. We have no choice but to choose. We have always opposed kitsch and kitsch.