China Historical War: The Battle of Changjin Lake

China Historical War: The Battle of Changjin Lake

1950165438+1On the evening of October 27th, 65438+10,000 volunteers were hidden in the mountains and jungles in the north of Korea, and the 20th army was located on the west side of Changjin Lake. The 27th Army is located in the north and northeast of Changjin Lake. The two armies took two regiments, the Marine 1 Division and the 7 th Division 3 1 Regiment, as the main targets, and then besieged Xiajie, and then laid siege to a passage named "Changguan" from Xiajie to Nanxing.

165438+1On the night of October 27th, the northwest wind rolled cotton-ball-like snowflakes, which blinded people. The 1 division of the US Marine Corps and the 7th division of the US Infantry Division are marching along a mountain road, and the whole team forms a column, stretching for 50 kilometers. A US military reporter later said, "I always feel that someone is staring at us." There is nothing wrong with this sentence. They are indeed closely watched by volunteer soldiers hiding in the mountains. Earth-shattering bugles and shouts suddenly came from the mountains. Song, commanding the 20 th Army and the 27 th Army stormed the US military, and 65,438+10,000 volunteers pounced on the US military with lightning speed. The American army was unexpectedly attacked without preparation. The next morning, the 7th Division of the US Army and the 1 Division of the Marine Corps were divided into five parts by the 9th Corps. ?

654381October 28th, the whole day on the 28th, the US military was trying to get through the cut-off positions. Most of the time, the fully mechanized American army can only move at a speed of 500 meters per hour. During the intermission of the battle, an American reporter asked a marine who was digging broad beans from a frozen can with a bayonet: If God can meet one of your requirements, what do you need most? The soldier replied without looking up: Give it to me tomorrow.

165438+1On October 30th, the 27th Army, under the unified command of Zhan Danan, the vice commander of the 27th Army and the division commander of the 80th Division, concentrated two divisions and five regiments, and besieged the emerging 3rd1regiment of the 7th Division of the United States with all the artillery of the whole army. The 3 1 Regiment of the 7th Division of the United States, with a long history, was built during the First World War. Because he participated in the intervention in Soviet Russia, he was dubbed the "polar bear group". There is a pattern of polar bears on the league flag, which can be called a unit with strong combat effectiveness in the army. The blue flag of the regiment was seized by Zhang, the squad leader of the Volunteers, and later became an exhibit in the Beijing Military Museum. This was the only glorious example in the Korean War in which volunteers wiped out an American regiment in an organized place, but at the same time, the 80th and 8 1 divisions of the 27th Army also paid a huge price, with casualties and non-combat attrition as high as 10000, and frostbite of the whole army as high as 22%. ?

65438+February 1, when the 26th Army was 80km away from Hehari, the US Marine Corps 1 Division finally broke through the encirclement of the 20th Army of the Volunteers and began to retreat to the south. The 9 th Corps Command immediately ordered the rest of the 20 th Corps to pursue the US Marine Corps 1 Division, slow down its retreat, pester them, buy time for the 26 th Corps and create opportunities for the final annihilation of the US Marine Corps 1 Division.

1 On February 4th, 2008, the 5th and 7th regiments of the Marine 1 Division in Liutanli finally retreated to the lower bridge. It took them three days to walk the 22 kilometers, but they were stopped by volunteers all the way. On average, they can only walk 300m 1 hour, and the casualties on the 22km road exceed 1500 people. However, the volunteers also suffered heavy casualties. According to a historical document of the US military, "China people suffered heavy casualties in ground battles, air raids and cold weather. Without proper warm clothes, the combat effectiveness of the volunteers was seriously weakened by the freezing and frostbite of a large number of soldiers. Most of the volunteers ran out of ammunition and food when crossing the river. " 10 On February 5th, almond, commander of the American 10 Army, ordered Smith, who was stationed in the lower corner, to "retreat to the Xianxing area as soon as possible." That evening, all American artillery in Xiajiao began to bombard the hills on both sides.

On the morning of the 6th, the Great Retreat began. However, the American army did not forget to completely destroy the supply base in the lower corner before fleeing. The U.S. military first exploded with explosives, then ran them over with bulldozers, and finally poured gasoline on mountains of food, clothes and ammunition and burned them. Those volunteer soldiers who haven't eaten a few meals for more than 20 days on the hills a few kilometers away are very distressed to see a lot of materials that are about to be destroyed.

Shuimen bridge in ancient soil is a suspended one-way bridge on the diversion pipeline of Changjin Lake. Under the bridge is an abyss. Once the Watergate Bridge was bombed, the American troops evacuated to Xianxing could be said to have no way out of heaven and no way out of the tunnel.

The 20th Army bombed this bridge twice on June, 65438+February, 65438 +0 and 4, but it was repaired by American engineers every time. Volunteers simply blew up the bridge foundation. However, to the surprise of the volunteers, the US Air Force actually transferred eight sets of rutting bridge components from Japan, each weighing 1. 1 ton, and dropped them to US military positions. Then in less than two days, a bridge with a load of 50 tons was set up on the cliff, which could allow all vehicles of the troops to retreat. The strong national strength of the United States and the reaction ability of well-trained troops have been fully demonstrated in this retreat.

12, the US Marine Corps 1 Division finally joined forces with the US 3rd Infantry Division in Xianxing. Two divisions of the U.S. Army continued to retreat southward until the city of Hamhung on the east coast. Along the way, although the rest of the 20 th Army continued to pursue, the main force of the 26 th Army never went to the battlefield. In the impression of American soldiers, they were not hit hard at the end of the battle.

1950 12.24, on Christmas Eve, Asian time, the American Army 10 withdrew from Nanxing Port, and the volunteers occupied Nanxing the next day. The battle of Changjin Lake, which lasted nearly a month, started on the eastern front of the second campaign to resist US aggression and aid Korea, and the whole second campaign came to an end.

1September, 952, the 9th Corps returned to the Yalu River from North Korea, and the commander Song stopped the driver. After getting off the bus, he stood silently in the direction of Changjin Lake for a long time, then took off his hat and bowed deeply. When he looked up, the guards found that the general was in tears and could not control himself. This sad scene is undoubtedly the best annotation to the tragic degree of this battle.

In this campaign, under difficult conditions, three armies of Chinese people's Volunteer Army's 9th Corps directly competed with the US 10/0 troops with world-class weapons and equipment and outstanding military achievements from 1950 to 165438+24 in the Changjin Lake area of North Korea to create.

Recovered the vast eastern region north of the 38th parallel. The volunteers won a great victory on the eastern and western fronts at the same time, which reversed the battlefield situation in one fell swoop and became a turning point in the Korean War, laying the foundation for the final armistice negotiations.