What is the custom of getting married in Wenling, Taizhou?

What is bridal chamber sutra? Speaking of the bridal chamber sutra in Wenling, elderly Wenling people should be familiar with it, which is a part of Wenling folk traditional marriage customs. In the past, when people who believed in Buddhism got married, they usually paid homage to the bride and sent her into the bridal chamber. Among them, the bridal chamber classic is a ritual song and duet sung when sending the bridal chamber. The bridal chamber sutra is permeated with the desire to pray for children everywhere, influenced by the dominant culture of the Han nationality, and at the same time permeated with the essential characteristics of the ancient Wu Yue culture, reflecting the remains of coachable's thought of exorcising evil spirits of the ancestors of Wu Yue. ...

The traditional bridal chamber has more than 40 steps.

Ying Guangyuan (also known as Liu Mei), a 74-year-old folk artist in Jinghai Village, Binhai Town, is the inheritor of Dragon Lantern tunes. He likes folk music since he was a child, and he can sing bridal chamber sutra, Taoist sentiment, platoon street, Tianyang song, singing dragon tune and so on. And I am very familiar with reading bridesmaids and singing bridal chamber classics. He is often invited to read bridesmaids and sing bridal chamber classics at weddings. In his home, there are some manuscripts of bridesmaid poems and bridal chamber scriptures.

Ying Guangyuan has a book "Specific Steps to Send a Bridal Room", compiled by Wenling Cultural Heritage Protection Center, which reads 46 steps to send a bridal room. Include: 1. Worship parents; 2. Ask the kitchen to salute; 3. Go up the stairs; 4. Sing the Eight Immortals (choose one of the Little Eight Immortals, the Middle Eight Immortals and the Big Eight Immortals); 5. unlock the lock; 6. Open the door; 7. Enter the bridal chamber; 8. Newcomers salute; 9. put the plate away; 10. Lift the gold table; 1 1. Jie Jinhua; 12. Zhajinhua; 13. Light distribution; 14. Find the stool head; 15. Location; 16. tea; 17. Divide tea; 18. Collect teacups; 19. Ask for a hip flask; 20. Ask for a wine glass; 2 1. Begging for chopsticks; 22. untie chopsticks; 23. Ask for a spoon (spoon); 24. Divide spoons; 25. pour wine; 26. Sing a warm bowl; 27. welcome wine; 28. Ten glasses of wine; 29. Look at the tide; 30. Newcomers speak; 3 1. Xie Chu; 32. collect the bowl; 33. Sending goods to the South; 34. Put thirteen flowers; 35. Vegetable dividing head; 36. Fraction yuan red (orange); 37. Stripped Yuan Hong; 38. The vegetable head thanks the kitchen; 39. Seek to have children early; 40. It's still early; 4 1. Regression gold table; 42. samaan; 43. Hold a dragon lantern for a happy reunion; 44. sprinkle fried rice; 45. Out of the bridal chamber; 46. Go down the stairs.

The ceremony steps are complicated, but it is said that a part can be omitted when the new house is actually delivered.

Singing duets inside and outside the bridal chamber is a major feature of singing bridal chamber classics. One of the characteristics of sending a bridal chamber to sing the bridal chamber sutra in Wenling is a duet between a bridal chamber guest and a chef.

Wedding guests are also called brother guests, and 6 people arrive at 10 to 16 people, so they must be paired. The kitchen waiter refers to other people who participate in or watch the bridal chamber except the wedding guests.

When entering the bridal chamber, the bridal chamber guests lined up in the lobby, with the lead singer singing the ceremony song in front, followed by a pair of bridal chamber guests carrying lanterns. The man holding the dragon lantern was chosen as the groom, also known as the best man. Then there are wedding candles with palace lanterns and golden flowers on them. Then the groom and other new house guests, the bride has been "closed" in the new house.

"Up the stairs", each staircase is usually sung by different bridal chamber guests, which are all auspicious words, and some even sing some traditional China opera allusions. Such as: "... six-lattice stairs are six-lattice high, and the Lord God of Wealth sends an ingot. Holding a silver ingot and smiling, the golden couple are husband and wife. Seven staircases were seven cubicles high, and the fairy came down to kiss her. The landowner is a matchmaker and wants to marry Dong Yongcheng. Eight-lattice stairs are eight-lattice high, and eight-hole immortals come together. The Eight Immortals came across the bridge round and round with gold plates. Nine-grid stairs are nine-grid high, and all classes of immortals come together. The golden couple got married and lived together for ten thousand years ... "

Then we must sing the Eight Immortals, which are divided into small eight immortals, middle eight immortals and big eight immortals. Little Eight Immortals is very short. Generally, an "Eight Immortals" can sing one sentence, and a "Big Eight Immortals" is much longer. A "Eight Immortals" should be sung in more than four sentences. For example, "Little Eight Immortals" sings like this: "The truth in the bridal chamber is neat, and the eight-hole immortals are separated by Han Zhong. Rainbow rises in Zhongnanshan, and Dong Bin flies with his sword on his back. To cultivate immortality and realize happiness is to ride a donkey of Zhang. Foot clouds are vertical and horizontal, shining on Tie Guai Li. Playing the flute is fun, and Xiangzi teenagers practice it. Young people's practice has come true, and the clouds are really fairy blue cranes. Cao Guojiu, a fairy in Yunyang, crossed the ocean. Sunglow comes and goes in the East, He Xiangu, a colorful lotus girl. Dongfang Laoshuo came down to accompany the groom into the room. "

"Eight Immortals" is much more complicated. For example, in the version of The Eight Immortals, only Han Zhongli sang five lines: "Zhong Zhongli is a Taoist and went to Qingfeng Mountain to practice. There is a Ziyang cave on the mountain, where you can practice pottery. Wearing a square towel and double ribbons, wearing a blue shirt and a purple robe. Wearing an eight-treasure dragon belt around her waist and black boots on her feet. Shangjiu Bridge, Shangjiu Bridge, three steps and one worship, four steps high. " There are three lines in Lv Dongbin's lyrics: "Lv Dongbin, a handsome man, went to Zhong Nanshan to practice. There is an upper eight holes on the mountain, and the Tao practices in the upper eight holes, with a green sword on his shoulder, swaying in the wind. One floated to Hangzhou City, holding a stone and turning it into gold and silver. "

The next step is to open the door, and there is also a version of the bridal chamber classic, in which all the place names with door characters in Taizhou are included in the lyrics, "... the newcomer is a golden lock, the groom is a jade lock, and the golden lock was opened in a good year and a good month. Where there is a lock, there must be a door, and the crown goes straight into the yellow reef door. Jinqing goes straight out of Dagang Gate, and Cangshan Gate is in the south. Jia Guan is facing Haimen, but buddhist nun is Songmen ... "

There is a version of "Into the Wedding Room" that sings like this: "Thirty-three days to heaven, there are immortals in the clouds. The white Venus cloud appeared, and I didn't feel like I came to the Bird Tower. Yellow flowers bloom everywhere, and little fairies come down to earth. Flowers welcome the new door and wedding candles are brought in. The bridal chamber is full of joy and the husband and wife are harmonious. "

The next steps, such as begging for stools, tea, hip flask, wine glasses and chopsticks, all need to be sung in duet, and the guests in the inner cave should sing in duet with their foreign friends (kitchen waiters).

Foreign friends often have some problems to make things difficult for the guests in the bridal chamber. They often have to take out cigarettes to solve them.

Spreading fried rice (spreading fruit) is a series of links behind the custom of "spreading accounts" Among them, sprinkle fried rice (pronounced "tied" in dialect) (some places sprinkle fruit), for example, a version of the bridal chamber classic sings like this: "The fruit is scattered (tied) with the rockhopper, and the son will be the court (referring to the dean). The fruit is scattered, and the son is the prime minister. The fruit is scattered in the bucket (toilet bucket), and the son is the president. If fruits are sown in the bed, champions will be born. Fruits are scattered in the cupboard, and the children are rich. The fruit is sprinkled with gold, and the son is the governor. If the fruit is scattered on the ground, the husband and wife will prosper for thousands of years. "

This kind of fruit sprinkling or fried rice should be a legacy of the old custom of "spreading the bill". There is a step of "spreading the account" in the wedding customs in all parts of China, and it is recorded in the county annals and other materials in all parts of the country.

According to legend, the custom of "spreading accounts" originated from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Song Mengyuan's Dream of Tokyo also recorded the situation of people getting married at that time. "After visiting the temple, the women went back to the house to help them worship. When men and women are rushing to worship, the woman sleeps on the left, the man sits on the right, and the woman scatters money and fruit, which is called spreading the bill. "

Gu Jiegang's book Discrimination between Historical Relics and Customs (Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House) quotes a passage from a certain place: "There are a pair of good hibiscus at the bedside. A pair of golden roosters by the bed. Children and grandchildren are easy to get. It is not difficult for children and grandchildren to share the bill. ..... five men and two women. A happy family reunion. I can't sleep in the bed, but I must sleep under the bed. Pee in the bed and punt under the bed. "

Gu Jiegang said that this is a slap in the face and a prayer of many children.

Under normal circumstances, the bridal chamber starts at eight or nine in the evening and ends at two or three in the morning, and some may be longer. During this time, if the bridal chamber guests want to come out to relieve themselves, they must come out in pairs with lanterns. They can't say anything like defecation, but say "watching the tide".

Reading bridesmaids and paying homage to the bride are also part of Wenling's traditional wedding.

"Heaven opens the ecliptic to live a long life, and cigarettes are endless joy. The cigarette is glowing red, so please come out to the main hall. " The opening paragraph of the best man has been read like this since ancient times.

Then, people who read "Bridesmaid" are deliberately modest and will sing like this: "I am a bridesmaid without belly talent, standing in the flower room, blushing." My host family makes it hard for me to get rid of it. I took out my old book and read it word for word. "Then I took out my manuscript and read the best man.

In the view of Ying Guangyuan, the inheritor of the Dragon Lantern Tune in Wenling Intangible Cultural Heritage Project, "The next step is to sing the environmental layout. For example, hanging colorful flags and red lights, we will sing' Auspicious zodiac, the colorful flags on it are really beautiful. How many colors are there in front of the door, such as "Long live the Golden Hall" and so on, and this can also be omitted. "

First, light incense and invite the Eight Immortals to study. Then there are the Eight Immortals, usually the Little Eight Immortals. Then, please worship Buddha at home, that is, worship Buddha at home.

Then invite the new couple, the groom. Newcomers are reserved and shy, and it is difficult to invite them. You need at least three invitations to come out with your aunt. For example, the second time I invited a new person, I said, "Please invite the new person to laugh and laugh again and again, and Guanyin will send her to your door. How loving it is to get married in church, and thin heads (dialect, meaning boys) are paired. " In short, they are auspicious words, such as praying for your son's early birth.

Next is the worship of heaven and earth, Guanyin, land, the god of wealth, the three officials and the great emperor. If anyone worships the Dragon King, worship the Dragon King. Such as worshipping the ground: "The sky is low and the landlord laughs. Thanks to the laughter of the landlord, it will be prosperous for a thousand years. " Worship the god of wealth: "the family is auspicious and happy, and the god of wealth is long." Every day, wealth is prosperous, and children and grandchildren live long. "

Then, the groom respects his position, the couple respects his position, and they also like flowers (plucking them from their new heads and putting them on the groom's head). Toast is an important link. For example, when the groom drinks the third cup, the bridesmaid says, "The groom can drink the third cup, and the two of them are laughing and drinking. The third glass of wine is happy, even three glasses are full of red. "

It is said that sometimes, the best man will temporarily add "the bride and groom blare their mouths". "Black mouth" means kissing in Wenling dialect. A version of the bridesmaid's word provided by Guangyuan is "Free marriage has many benefits, and boys and girls bring brides. Now entering a new era, the bride and groom are full of mouths. "

Finally, the husband and wife worship each other and their elders. "Worship the Enemy" reads: "Men stand in the east, women stand in the west, and heaven is a good match. Husband and wife were predestined friends in their previous lives and got married 500 years ago. "

Generally, the order of worshipping elders is parents, adoptive father (if there is an adoptive father), teacher (master), granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle, granduncle.