Analysis of employment situation of post-90s generation

Analysis of the employment situation of the post-90s generation

Car appraisers, car wash maintenance technicians, masseurs, lactation therapists... As the mobile Internet becomes increasingly popular, a kind of O2O (online marketing ordering) , offline consumption experience) freelancers came into being.

The reporter recently visited universities in Guangzhou and found that the employment concepts of some "post-90s" college students are undergoing new changes. They love freedom and have a special liking for freelance work. According to Ganji.com's recently released China's first "2014 O2O Freelancer Analysis Report", the average pre-tax monthly income of O2O freelancers reaches 8,312 yuan, but currently 21.3% of O2O freelancers do not have skill certificates.

A freelancer with a monthly salary of 8,312 yuan has fun with O2O

Entering the graduation season, Xiao Chen, a senior at a university in Guangdong, is very calm. He is not like the classmates around him running around in various tasks. job fair site. On the contrary, he was employed by a campus O2O food delivery platform, analyzing food ordering traffic data, and posting promotions on Weibo and WeChat... His work can be completed with a network cable and a computer, and he can already earn a monthly salary of 50 or 60 yuan before graduation. Thousand dollars.

Xiao Chen is a member of the emerging O2O freelance army. The reporter learned that since the group buying industry became popular on the Internet in 2010, the term O2O has entered people's field of vision. After four years of development, the O2O industry has become increasingly mature and has spawned a large number of distinctive freelancers.

According to the "2014 O2O Freelancer Analysis Report" recently released by Ganji.com, in a survey of people aged 18-25, 82.6% of young people want to become O2O freelancers, which shows that freedom Careers are on the rise. O2O freelancers with specialized skills amaze many people in terms of salary. The average pre-tax monthly income of O2O freelancers reaches 8,312 yuan, while in Shanghai, which ranked first in salary rankings in 2014, the average monthly salary of white-collar workers is 7,214 yuan. Most O2O freelancers have a pre-tax personal monthly income between 5,001 and 8,000 yuan. 68% of O2O freelancers have a pre-tax personal income of more than 5,000 yuan. 9% of O2O freelancers have a pre-tax monthly income of more than 10,000 yuan. Income is common On the high side, 14% of O2O freelancers have a monthly income of less than 3,000 yuan.

Judging from the different industry fields and occupations of O2O freelancers, the average monthly salary in the housekeeping and health care industry is the highest, reaching 9,320 yuan, the average monthly salary in the life service industry reaches 7,738 yuan, and the beauty/beauty industry reaches 6,849 yuan. . The average monthly salary of car appraisers, car wash maintenance technicians, and masseurs all exceeds 10,000 yuan, and the income of pedicure and manicurists is also more than 8,000 yuan.

Most of the age groups of O2O freelancers are 25-30 and 40-45 years old. It can be seen that young people and "leisure" aunts with certain work experience and plans for the future have become O2O beneficiary. At the same time, O2O freelancers are more skill-based, with the majority having technical secondary school/technical school/vocational high school education, followed by college education.

Freelancers who rely on technology for a living have a heavy psychological burden

It is understood that free time, free location, and no need to look at the boss’s face are the three major benefits of freelancers that double their satisfaction. Although O2O freelancers "look beautiful", they face a lot of embarrassments.

“If you choose O2O freelance work, the biggest disadvantage is that you will give up other allowances and benefits such as medical insurance, pensions, paid holidays, etc.” According to the report writing team of Ganji.com, income Instability, narrow social scope, and heavy psychological burden have become the three major problems that lie above their heads. At the same time, the security system is not perfect enough, which also makes these freelancers face social isolation.

Not only that, the fierce market competition in the O2O industry has also made O2O freelancers uneven, and those with skill certificates are more popular. At present, O2O freelancers have covered all areas of life services. The report shows that 78.7% of O2O freelancers already have skill certificates. Among them, 13.2% of O2O freelancers have a driver's license, followed by a masseur qualification certificate, accounting for 11.6% of the total. The third-ranked skill certificate is a tour guide certificate, accounting for 8.1%; relatively speaking, lactation specialist certificate and makeup artist qualification certificate , photographer qualification certificates are relatively rare.

Currently, only 21.3% of O2O freelancers do not have skill certificates. It can be seen that freelancers rely on technology to make a living. Zhong Lei, head of the recruitment channel of Ganji.com, said that the O2O industry is slowly moving towards the requirements and model of employment with certificates. Professional certification is the development trend in the future. For the majority of O2O freelancers, it is also necessary to understand in advance to prepare for future development. Be prepared.

Unexpectedly, the Prime Minister of a major country became the first new member of "Chaihuo Maker Space" in 2015. On January 4, Premier Li Keqiang came to Shenzhen Overseas Chinese Town to talk about innovation and creativity with these private technological innovators. When a maker introduced his product, Li Keqiang encouraged him: "These innovative small companies can do it and promote the innovation of large companies."

It is not just the Prime Minister who praises entrepreneurs.

When officials at all levels conduct research in various places, in addition to those "giant" central enterprises, state-owned enterprises and large private enterprises, there are also some "small but beautiful" start-ups and incubation institutions. On January 16, Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang visited Garage Coffee, a gathering place for entrepreneurs. Su Su, the founder of Garage Coffee, has felt this change since last year. He told a reporter from China Youth Daily: "Officials from small cities used to like to visit various ministries and commissions when they came to Beijing, but now they love to come to Garage. Sometimes there are several groups of people coming in a day. Visit the garage. ”

Officials’ frequent visits to start-up companies are a clear manifestation of the change in government awareness and functions. Start-ups may not be able to immediately bring in considerable tax revenue, nor can they bring immediate changes to people's lives, but the entrepreneurial and innovative spirit of entrepreneurs is the positive energy needed for social progress.

Government officials proactively choose to contact entrepreneurs instead of passively listening to reports, which is undoubtedly a gratifying step. Only in this way can we better understand the real needs of entrepreneurs. Most entrepreneurs are lonely and need attention and support from the government and society.

Taking the initiative to understand entrepreneurs is just the beginning. There is still a lot the government can do for entrepreneurs. A survey by the China Youth Daily Research Center found that the three major obstacles currently encountered by entrepreneurs are: cumbersome approval procedures, lack of support from local policies, and too expensive office rents. This is where the government can make a difference in supporting start-ups.

For example, the State Council executive meeting held on January 14 decided to establish a national emerging industry venture capital guidance fund to help entrepreneurship, innovation and industrial upgrading. Establish a national emerging industry venture capital guidance fund to focus on supporting innovative enterprises in the "stumbling" initial stage. It will promote the integration of technology and market, the docking of innovation and industry, incubate and cultivate future-oriented emerging industries, and promote the economy to move towards a mid-to-high-end level. , is of great significance.

Of course the government cannot do everything, and some matters should be voluntarily handed over to more appropriate institutions. For example, setting up entrepreneurial parks is something the government is suitable to do, and opening entrepreneurial cafes is something the government should consider, but running entrepreneurial cafes is not suitable for the government to operate personally; tax reduction and exemption must be done by the government, but blindly giving money is not what the government should do. , a better way is to graft venture capital institutions and create investment and financing opportunities.

Recently, universities in Sichuan Province have successively released employment quality reports. The employment quality reports of "211" and "985" universities such as Sichuan University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, and Sichuan Agricultural University show that , the employment rate of graduates from key universities in the province in 2014 exceeded 90%. It is reported that the employment of college graduates in the province shows a widening income gap between different academic qualifications and different majors, and the employment majors are highly related.

The employment quality released by five key universities in the province shows that the southwest region has become the first choice for graduates, showing the characteristics of "Sichuan talent and Sichuan employment".

Judging from the overall employment situation of college graduates in the province, the proportion of jobs staying in Sichuan is also increasing year by year. Relevant experts believe that as more and more Fortune 500 companies have settled in Chengdu, many graduates have begun to choose to stay in Chengdu for employment.

Employment quality reports released by various universities show that the income gap between different academic qualifications and different majors is widening. Due to differences in professional skills and innovative abilities, the income gap between students at the same academic level is also very large, with the income being more than ten times higher. gap. The employment majors of graduates are highly relevant, which reflects the school’s major features and advantages.

Nearly 80% of Sichuan University graduates have a starting salary of more than 4,000

As of November 30 last year, the employment rate of Sichuan University graduates in 2014 was 96.55%, and nearly 80% of Sichuan University graduates had a starting salary of more than 4,000. The salary exceeds 4,000 yuan. The starting monthly income of the 2014 Sichuan University undergraduates who signed contracts was mainly between 2,001 and 8,000 yuan, of which 44.26% had an income between 4,001 and 6,000 yuan. The income of master's and doctoral students is mainly concentrated in 4,001-8,000 yuan, with 6,001-8,000 yuan accounting for the largest proportion, accounting for 40.60% and 45.22% respectively.

Half of the undergraduate students at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China will continue to pursue graduate studies.

The employment rate of the 4,740 2014 undergraduate graduates from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China is 95.49%. Among them, 45.30% of undergraduate graduates choose to find employment, and 50.19% of undergraduate graduates choose to pursue graduate studies. Among the 2,379 people who chose to study for graduate school, 500 went abroad for further study and 1,879 stayed in China for further study.

The employment rate of Southwest Jiaotong University’s psychology major is 100%

In 2014, the majors with the highest starting salaries for undergraduate students at Southwest Jiaotong University were: software engineering, mathematics and applied mathematics, network engineering, and logistics management. , information security, applied psychology. It is worth noting that all 30 students majoring in psychology at the school are employed, and the average starting salary is 4,123 yuan/month. "The person in charge of the relevant departments of Southwest Jiaotong University suggested that students should not just focus on the starting salary when they graduate, "In our school, the starting salary for software engineering and information majors is very high. Students can get a salary of 8,000-10,000 yuan per month as soon as they graduate. However, The salary increase after such working days is relatively low and will basically remain at the same level as when the contract was first signed. The starting salary for engineering graduates is about 4,000 yuan/month, but the salary increase will be very high in the future.

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Nearly 50% of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics’ graduates stayed in Southwest for employment

Nearly 40% of the 2014 undergraduate graduates of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics chose to study abroad. Among all graduates who signed contracts for employment, nearly 40% Fifty percent will stay in the southwest region for employment. According to statistics as of November 30 last year, the overall employment rate of Southwest University of Finance and Economics graduates in 2014 was 93.96%. Among them, the employment rate of undergraduate graduates was 91.77%, and the employment rate of master's and doctoral graduates was 91.77%. The rates reached 97.90% and 97.77% respectively. In 2014, the number of undergraduate graduates of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics studied abroad was 1,565, accounting for 39.15% of the total number of graduates. Among them, those admitted to the top 100 schools in the world (the global ranking is based on USNews2015 Global). (Best University Rankings) accounted for 38.38% of the total number of graduates studying abroad.

Seventy percent of Sichuan Agricultural University graduates have a monthly salary of 2,000 to 4,000.

Sichuan Agricultural University graduates in 2014. The employment unit industries are mainly distributed in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, construction, manufacturing, finance, scientific research and technical services, higher education and other industries. According to reports, the monthly salary distribution of the school's graduate students and undergraduates in 2014 is relatively reasonable, and the entry income level is relatively consistent. Average expectations of graduates. According to actual surveys, most students with a monthly salary of less than 2,000 yuan are still in a period of job change, resulting in a low monthly salary; about 72.3% of the school’s graduates have a monthly salary between 2,000-4,000 yuan, which is in line with the school’s monthly salary. The industries and economic types of graduates’ employment units are relatively consistent, and they are also close to the social and economic development.

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