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Questions that teachers may ask during graduation defense

1. Why did you choose this topic?

2. What is the significance and purpose of studying this topic?

3. How is the basic framework and structure of the full text arranged?

4. What is the logical relationship between the various parts of the full text?

5. In the process of researching this topic, what different opinions were discovered? How did you gradually understand these different opinions? How to deal with it

6. Although the paper does not discuss it, what other issues are closely related to it?

7. Are there any issues that I have not yet clarified and have not discussed thoroughly in the paper?

8. What is the main basis for making an argument when writing a paper?

You should think carefully about the above issues. If necessary, take notes to sort them out and write an outline of your speech for use in the defense. Only in this way can we be prepared

2. Defense skills

Students must first introduce the outline of the paper. This is the so-called "self-report". It must be emphasized that "self-report" is not "Read to yourself". This reading turns the report into "reading". "Reading it as written" is the number one taboo. The content of this part can include the motivation and reasons for writing, the latest research results of the research direction and topic, your own new insights, new understandings or new breakthroughs in the paper. Be concise and concise. Don't overuse the saying "cut off the redundant and leave the clear quilt, and draw until you are familiar with it." That is to say, try to make the words as concise and concise as possible, and hit the point in one sentence. You must highlight the key points and express your best features. Here we should pay attention to the first taboo that the theme is unclear; the second taboo is that the content is empty and rambling; the third taboo is that it is plain and has no focus.

During the defense, students should pay attention to their appearance and demeanor, which is the first signal to enter the channel of people's feelings. If the respondent can use the image in the first two minutes, he will have a good start. Some people decompose the human body into its smallest units to study it (such as head, shoulders, chest, spine, waist, etc.) and think that a concave chest shows pride - but if it is too much, it means arrogance; shoulders, hands and neck show integrity and strength, and a straight back shows seriousness And full of confidence. But if you go too far, you will be seen as bowing slightly to show modesty and politeness. Dr. Sun Yat-sen once said, "His demeanor and posture, even if the whole audience is in awe, and his behavior must be like listening to good advice, is indeed a great inspiration to us.

Listening to the teacher's questions The key skills to master are:

Stay calm, listen and memorize

Concentrate, think carefully

Be confident but also modest

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Seek truth from facts and never force yourself

Listen accurately, understand and understand

The skill you need to master when answering questions is to ask for the answers to each question when constructing Where is the "center", "crux" and "key"? Which example can be used to prove it? The content of answering the question is essentially an organized "oral composition". This requires 1. The article should have arguments and arguments. 2. There is a layer of structure. 4. Use correct words and speak fluently. 5. Be clear in speech and speak at a moderate pace. The best way to start is to go straight to the point, and the main part can be explained in detail. , that is, to summarize and analyze the content to be answered item by item. In fact, the expression of the material you have mastered will not be superficial, but can be analyzed in depth. You can combine some practical examples you have mastered and organize them into several items. , list them into points, and say them one by one. A bowl full of rice must be eaten one bite at a time, and the principles of a full stomach must be told one by one, and the links are connected one by one. I have already prepared one. For a more complete outline, you can follow the main line of answering the question and put on some jade beads (for example) The content has a relatively deep understanding and a relatively comprehensive familiarity. The members are prepared for thesis defense questions that may be raised regarding the depth of the graduation thesis and related knowledge. The thesis defense committee may ask what the relationship between "national brand" and "famous brand" is. Students who have graduated but are participating in the thesis defense must have a "relatively comprehensive familiarity" and "a relatively deep understanding" of their thesis. , otherwise, embarrassment will occur

2. Thesis defense - interspersed with diagrams

Any graduation thesis, whether it is liberal arts or science, involves the use of diagrams to express the thesis to a greater or lesser extent. It is possible to have a point of view, so I think there should be this quasi-point of view method. It is also a means of adjusting the atmosphere of the thesis defense meeting, especially for members of the private thesis defense committee. They listen to the speech for a long time and accept and absorb the contents. This will inevitably have an impact on your graduation thesis defense scores. Therefore, the thesis defense scores in the table should be appropriately interspersed during the thesis defense process.

3. Thesis defense - moderate flow of speech

It is usually the first time for students to defend their graduation thesis. Numerous facts have proved that when they defend their thesis, they often speak faster and faster, so that their graduation defense scores are lowered.

Therefore, graduation defense students must pay attention to the speed of speech flow during the thesis defense process. There must be urgency and slowness, lightness and severity, and cannot be like

4. Thesis defense - eye movement

< p> When graduates defend their thesis, they can generally complete it, partially complete it, or not at all. But no matter which method you use, you should pay attention to your gaze on the committee members and the students at the venue. This is a way for you to use your eyes to communicate with the audience spiritually and make the audience interested in your topic. If the time is too long, the committee members will inevitably be distracted. At this time, you will politely "pull" their attention back with the projection of your eyes, and make the committee members' train of thought

5. Thesis Defense - Body Language Assistance

Although the graduation thesis defense, like other thesis defenses, is mainly about oral language, but the appropriate use of body language will assist your thesis defense, making your thesis appear confident when used appropriately. , powerful and irrefutable. On the contrary, if you always stand upright during the thesis defense, or consistently

6. Thesis defense - time control is reasonable, no matter how novel the topic is, and no matter how correct the conclusion, the thesis defense will be more effective. affected. Therefore, when defending your graduation thesis, you must pay attention to the use of body language

Generally, in more formal thesis defense meetings, the debaters have time requirements for the defense. Therefore, students who defend their graduation thesis must The time for the essay defense should be controlled vigorously, and it should end immediately when the deadline is reached. In this way, it will appear that you are prepared, and you will be familiar with the content and control, creating a good impression. Therefore, before the graduation thesis defense, you should have a time estimate for the content that will be defended. Of course, flexible time control is a manifestation of flexibility during the thesis defense process, which should be taken seriously.

7. Thesis defense - stick to the theme

When conducting a graduation thesis defense on campus, there are often many debaters. Therefore, for members of the graduation thesis defense committee, they are not You may not be familiar with every topic, even your graduation thesis. Therefore, whether the entire thesis defense process can focus on the theme and whether the final question can be answered will be easier to ask questions about the issues involved in the thesis title. If you can focus on the thesis title from beginning to end, it will make the judges think Mingming,

8. Thesis defense - use of person

In the process of graduation thesis defense, the use of person will inevitably be involved. I suggest using the first person as much as possible, such as "I" "We" means that the paper cites data or materials from "where", especially graduation thesis, most of which are written by ourselves, so we should use it more and decisively and boldly. If this is the case, it will give people such an impression. : The thing is yours, and you have done a lot of work!

Questions that the teacher may ask during the graduation defense [Part 2]

Issues that should be paid attention to during the thesis defense

1. Questions that teachers will mention in the graduation defense

Some Huaigong teachers have a habit when defending their thesis: they like to pick out the issues in the format and content of the thesis first, so as to prepare students and think about it before answering the question; the questions usually directly (mostly) or indirectly target one or some part of the knowledge point of the paper, and a lot of the content is in the abstract, table of contents and introduction; some are also about what the teacher thinks you have Questions raised about certain errors, translations or doubts in the paper, where certain arguments in the paper are unclear or not accurate and precise enough, where the arguments are insufficient, where the level of argumentation is confusing and difficult to argue. Ask questions at the appropriate places. The defending teacher may also ask questions that are not fully explained, not discussed clearly in the paper, or are not elaborated in detail due to the length of the paper. In addition, the following questions may also be asked:

1. Why did you choose this topic?

2. What is the significance and purpose of studying this topic?

3. How is the basic framework and structure of the full text arranged? /p>

4. What is the logical relationship between the various parts of the text?

5. What different opinions did you discover during the research on this topic? How do you feel about these different opinions? Gradually understood?

6. Although the paper did not discuss it, what other issues are closely related to it?

7. What other issues are there? Still haven’t figured it out yet? Didn’t you discuss it thoroughly in the paper?

8. What is the main basis for the argument when writing the paper?

You should think carefully about the above issues, if necessary. It is necessary to organize the notes and write an outline for the speech, so as to be prepared and not panic.

2. Defense skills

Students should first introduce the thesis. In summary, this is the so-called "self-report". It must be emphasized that it is "self-report" rather than "self-reading". The important skill here is to be careful not to read the report literally and turn the report into "reading the book". " is the No. 1 taboo. The content of this part can include writing motivation, reasons, research direction, topic comparison, research scope, the latest research results surrounding this topic, your own new insights, new understandings or new ideas in the paper. breakthrough. Be concise and concise. Don’t take up too much time, generally no more than ten minutes.

The so-called "cut off the redundant and leave the quilt clear, and the painting will be mature when it is complete", that is to say, try to make the words and the purpose rich, and hit the point in one sentence. You should highlight the key points and express your biggest gains, deepest experiences, most essence and most distinctive parts. Here we should pay attention to the first taboo that the theme is unclear; the second taboo is that the content is empty and rambling; the third taboo is that it is plain and has no focus.

During the defense, students should pay attention to their appearance and demeanor, which is the first signal to enter the channel of people's feelings. If the respondent can reflect a good image with good manners and demeanor within the first two minutes, it will have a good start. Some people decompose the human body into the smallest units to study it (such as head, shoulders, chest, spine, waist, etc.) and believe that a concave chest shows cowardice and inferiority, while a raised chest shows high emotions - but excessiveness means arrogance; shoulders, hands, and neck are a sign of cowardice and inferiority. Integrity, strength, and a straight back reflect seriousness and confidence. But if you go too far, you will be seen as rigid and conservative. A slight stoop can show modesty and politeness. Mr. Sun Yat-sen once said, "The demeanor and posture he possesses must make the whole audience feel awe, and his behavior must make the listeners feel calm and peaceful." His words of wisdom have indeed inspired us a lot. .

You must be very familiar with the content of your article, especially if the article is written by someone else. As a student who is about to participate in the thesis defense, you must first have a relatively deep understanding and a relatively comprehensive familiarity with the content of your graduation thesis. This is a preparation for answering thesis defense questions that may be raised by members of the thesis defense committee regarding the depth and related knowledge of the thesis.

Be sure to control your speaking speed and manner when answering. It is usually the first time for students to defend their graduation thesis. Numerous facts have proven that when they defend their thesis, they often speak faster and faster, so that members of the graduation defense committee cannot hear clearly, which affects their graduation defense results. Therefore, graduation defense students must pay attention to the speed of their speech during the thesis defense process. They must have urgency and slowness, lightness and severity, and cannot blast the audience like a barrage of cannons. During the defense, students should pay attention to their appearance and demeanor.

The key skills to master when listening to the teacher’s questions are:

Stay calm and listen while taking notes

Concentrate and think carefully

< p> Be confident but also modest

Seek truth from facts and never force yourself

Listen accurately and understand clearly

What you need to know when answering questions The trick is to ask where the "center", "crux" and "key" to answer each question is when conceiving? From which angle is the best way to answer the question? What examples should be given to prove it? The content of answering the questions is essentially an organized "oral composition". This requires: 1. The article should have arguments and arguments. 2. It has a beginning, main body and an end. 3. Be organized and hierarchical. 4. Use correct words and speak fluently. 5. You should speak clearly and at a moderate speed. The beginning should be concise: getting straight to the point is the best way to start, and expressing your point of view straight to the point is the best way in the defense. The main part of the statement can be analyzed piece by piece, that is, the content to be answered is summarized and analyzed piece by piece. In fact, it is sorting out the materials you have mastered from one point to another, from the outside to the inside. This kind of expression will not be superficial, but can go deep into the essence. Line analysis can combine some practical examples you have mastered, organize them into several items, and list them into several subtitles: divide them into several points, point by point, and say them one by one. A bowl full of rice must be eaten one bite at a time, and the principles that fill a belly must be told one by one, so that people will have a clear impression after listening to them. If you have prepared a relatively complete outline during preparation, then along the main line of answering the question and adding some jade beads (examples), you can make the center clear, organized, and logical.

As a student who is about to participate in the thesis defense, you must first have a deep understanding and a comprehensive familiarity with the content of your graduation thesis. This is a preparation for answering thesis defense questions that may be raised by members of the thesis defense committee regarding the depth of the thesis and related knowledge. The so-called "deep understanding" means having a horizontal grasp of the graduation thesis. For example, for a thesis titled "Creating Famous Brand Products and Developing National Industries," the thesis defense committee may ask what the relationship between "national brand" and "famous brand" is. Although "national brands" may not be involved in the graduation thesis, students participating in thesis defense must have a "relatively comprehensive familiarity" and "a relatively deep understanding" of their graduation thesis, otherwise, embarrassing situations will occur.

Thesis defense - moderate flow of speech

It is usually the first time for students to defend their graduation thesis. Numerous facts have proven that when they defend their thesis, they often speak faster and faster, so that members of the graduation defense committee cannot hear clearly, which affects their graduation defense results. Therefore, graduation defense students must pay attention to the speed of their speech during the thesis defense process. They must have urgency and slowness, lightness and severity, and cannot blast the audience like a barrage of cannons.

Thesis defense - eye movement

When graduates defend their thesis, they can generally complete the manuscript, semi-complete the manuscript, or not complete the manuscript. But no matter which method you use, you should pay attention to your eyes and make your eyes look at the members of the thesis defense committee and the students in the venue from time to time. This is a way for you to use your eyes to communicate with the audience spiritually and make the audience interested in your topic.

At the graduation thesis defense meeting, the committee members will inevitably be distracted due to listening for too long. At this time, you will politely "pull" their attention back with the projection of your eyes, so that the committee members will follow their train of thought. Let your ideas go.

Thesis defense - body language assistance

Although the graduation thesis defense, like other thesis defenses, is mainly about oral language, but the appropriate use of body language will assist your thesis defense and make you Thesis defense results are better. In particular, the appropriate use of gesture language will appear confident, powerful and irrefutable. On the contrary, if you always stand upright or keep looking down during the thesis defense process, no matter how reasonable the structure of your thesis is, how novel the topic is, and how correct the conclusion is, the effectiveness of the thesis defense will be greatly affected. Therefore, when defending your graduation thesis, you must pay attention to the use of body language.

Thesis defense - time control

Generally, in more formal thesis defense meetings, there are time requirements for the defenders. Therefore, when thesis defense students conduct the thesis defense, Attention should be paid to controlling the time for thesis defense. The thesis defense time must be controlled vigorously, and it will end immediately when the deadline is reached. In this way, it will appear that you are well prepared, and you will be familiar with the mastery and control of the content, which will easily give a good impression to the members of the thesis defense committee. Therefore, before the graduation thesis defense, you should have a time estimate for the content that will be defended. Of course, flexibly reducing or increasing the time during the thesis defense is also a manifestation of the control of thesis defense time, which should be taken seriously.

Thesis defense - stick to the theme

When conducting a graduation thesis defense on campus, there are often many debaters. Therefore, for members of the graduation thesis defense committee, it is impossible for them to Everyone has a comprehensive understanding of the content of their graduation thesis, and some may not even be familiar with the title of their graduation thesis. Therefore, it is very important to be able to focus on the theme during the entire thesis defense process and to be able to answer the questions at the end. In addition, it is generally easy for the committee members to ask questions about the issues involved in the thesis title. If you can focus on the thesis title from beginning to end, the judges will be able to think clearly and give you affirmation of your graduation thesis.

Thesis defense - use of person

In the thesis defense process, the use of person will inevitably be involved. I suggest using the first person as much as possible, such as "I", "we" even The materials in the paper are quoted from others, so use "we quoted" which data or materials. Especially since most graduation thesis is said to be written by oneself, the first person pronoun "I" should be used more and decisively and boldly. ” and “us”. If this is the case, it will give people the impression that the things belong to you and you have done a lot of work!

Summary

The defending teacher will evaluate the following aspects:

1. What is the attitude of the defense;

2. Is the thinking clear?

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3. Is the answer accurate?

4. Is the language fluent?

5. Have you made up for the shortcomings of the original text

Comments

During the defense process, the student introduced the basic content and main points of the paper. He had a correct attitude, clear thinking, fluent language, quick response, and was able to answer questions raised by the defense committee clearly and accurately. The defense shows: The student has done in-depth research on..., compiled a lot of literature, has certain literature review capabilities, and has new ideas in... But the paper also has shortcomings, such as...

Taking into account the opinions of the instructor, (evaluators) and the student’s performance during the defense process, the defense team unanimously agreed to approve the student’s (double degree thesis) graduation thesis defense and recommended Awarded a Bachelor's Degree (Law).

Questions that teachers may ask in graduation defense [Part 3]

Dear teachers:

Hello

I I am xx from the xx-x class of the Department of Surveying and Mapping. The title of my thesis is the current status and prospects of the development of engineering surveying. The thesis was completed under the careful guidance of supervisor xx-x. Here I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor, my heartfelt thanks to all the teachers for their hard work in participating in my thesis defense, and my sincere thanks for the opportunity that I have had over the past three years. I express my sincere respect to all the teachers who listened to the teachings. Next, I will report the purpose and main content of this paper to the teachers, and I sincerely ask for your criticism and guidance. First of all, I would like to talk about the purpose and significance of this graduation thesis design

Purpose: Modern engineering surveying has far exceeded the concept of just serving engineering construction. It not only involves the static and dynamic geometry and engineering of engineering The measurement of physical quantities also includes the analysis of measurement results and even the trend prediction of the development and change of objects. Therefore, I want to use people’s correct understanding of current engineering measurement technology to predict humankind’s future measurement needs and continuously develop new technologies. The use of these new technologies promotes the continuous development of engineering surveying work in the direction of science and automation. Promoted the rapid development of my country's construction industry.

Secondly, I would like to talk about the structure and main content of this paper. This article is divided into 7 parts. The first part expounds the development of theoretical methods of engineering measurement, elucidating the classification and meaning of engineering measurement.

(1) Classification according to the process of project construction

(2) Classification according to the types of projects served by engineering surveying

The second part summarizes the current development direction of measuring instruments

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Mainly conduct research from three aspects, measuring robots, super total stations, special instruments.

In summary, special instruments for engineering measurement have high precision (submillimeter, micron and even nanometer ), fast, telemetry, non-contact, movable, continuous, automatic recording, microcomputer control and other characteristics. The third part is the development status of engineering measurement technology

The research is mainly carried out from four aspects:

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1 Application of ground surveying instruments in engineering survey

Photoelectric rangefinders, precision rangefinders, electronic theodolite, laser collimator, etc., contribute to the modernization, automation and digitalization of engineering surveying This creates favorable conditions for the development of the direction

2 Application of GPS positioning technology in engineering survey

Conventional ground positioning technology, which mainly focuses on angle measurement, distance measurement and level measurement, is gradually being used Replaced by GPS technology, because GPS technology determines three-dimensional coordinates at one time, has high speed, high precision, low cost, and simple operation

3 Application of digital surveying and mapping technology in engineering survey

In the past, the workload of digital mapping was heavy, the environment was difficult, and the cycle was long. Nowadays, advanced equipment for field data collection can be combined with microcomputers and CNC plotters to form a system from field or indoor data collection, data processing, graphics editing and Automatic mapping system for drawing 4 Application of photogrammetry technology in engineering surveying and mapping

Photogrammetry technology is widely used in the fields of urban and engineering surveying and mapping, and can provide complete, real-time three-dimensional spatial information.

In the fourth part, after I checked the information in the library and searched on the Internet, I learned some future development prospects for engineering surveying

For example, drones and survey vehicles , 3S technology, photogrammetry, digital mapping, and the combination of three-dimensional technology and geographic information systems are all in the stage of development and are the direction of future development.

The above is the main structure and content of my paper. I spent a lot of time collecting materials as much as possible for this paper, and tried my best to use the knowledge I learned to write the paper. During writing and The process of revision is also a process in which I become more and more aware of my lack of knowledge and experience. Although I revised it many times after completing the manuscript, I know that there are still many shortcomings in the paper that need to be improved. Please criticize and correct me more,

Thank you.

Questions

1. Why did you choose this research topic and what practical significance does it have?

We need to continue to innovate, both in technology and instruments. Therefore, I want to use people’s correct understanding of current engineering measurement technology to predict humankind’s future measurement needs and continuously develop new technologies. The use of these new technologies promotes the continuous development of engineering surveying work in the direction of science and automation. Promoted the rapid development of my country's construction industry.

2. How do the core concepts in the paper be reflected in your article?

In this article, we mainly conduct research and explanation on instruments and techniques, explaining the current development stage and future development direction. I personally think that the core of our engineering measurement is two points, "instrument" and "technology"

3. Think from a negative perspective and what will happen if you don't do what you said

If we remain content with the status quo, measurement technology will never be improved and cannot meet the needs of design development, and surveyors will also do a lot of useless work.

4. After your research, what do you think the results will be? What are the positive or negative effects? I dare not say that my paper will be widely spread in the future, but I think at least some people will read it. I will have a deeper understanding of the knowledge of measurement. I think that the content I wrote is the result of reading many books and summarizing it.

5. What are the supposed, actual, and necessary aspects of research? What should be in research: (what it should look like) Everyone hopes that technology will develop higher and better, but it is only constantly improving. In search

The truth in research is: (In the field of your research, what does your problem currently look like) You cannot correctly understand the current development status of measurement technology and instruments

The purpose of research is: (How to change the current situation into what it should be.) Through bold imagination, research, continuous exploration, and experimentation, we create new technologies and new instruments.

6. How is the basic framework and basic structure of the full text arranged?

I divided this article into 7 parts, but a lot of text is used to describe the measurement instruments and measurement technology. Development,

7. In the process of researching this topic, I discovered those different opinions. How did I gradually understand these different opinions and how did I deal with them?

8. Although the paper is What other issues are not discussed but are closely related to them

The research of theoretical knowledge, regardless of the development of instruments and technology, is inseparable from theoretical knowledge. The development of science and technology in today's society

9. Are there any issues that I haven’t figured out yet and the theoretical knowledge is not discussed thoroughly enough in the paper?