Are there any interesting scenic spots in Nanjing?

Nanjing has a history of more than 6,000 years of civilization and a history of more than 2,400 years of city construction, and is called "the four ancient capitals of China" together with Beijing, Xi and Luoyang. Since Sun Quan of Dongwu moved to Nanjing in 229 AD, there have been 10 dynasties in history, so it is called "the city of ten dynasties".

1. Xuanwu Lake

Located outside the northeast city wall, it is connected with the urban area through Xuanwu Gate and Jiefang Gate. Before the Six Dynasties, it was called Sangbo, and in the Jin Dynasty, it was called Beihu, which was a place for training naval officers. There are Zhou Huan, Yingzhou, Liangzhou, Cuizhou and Lingzhou in the lake, and the five continents have their own characteristics. The shore of Xuanwu Lake is rhombic, with a circumference of about 10 km, an area of 437 hectares and a water surface of about 368 hectares. There are five islands in the lake, which divide the lake into four blocks, and there are bridges or dikes between the islands, which is convenient for sightseeing. The depth of this lake is no more than two meters. Fish and lotus are planted in the lake. In summer and autumn, the water is green and pink lotus flowers are hidden among them. The lake is fragrant and the scenery is charming.

2. Ancient city walls

Nanjing City Wall is 33.5 kilometers long, more than 12 meters high and 7.62 meters thick 12. 19 meters. The city is based on granite and has huge bricks as walls. The edge stone of each brick has the official residence and year of the brick maker, and the specifications are the same. When it was completed, it was made of lime, tung oil and glutinous rice juice. It was very strong and stood for hundreds of years. There are 2000 bunkers and 24 gates on the city wall. Well-preserved ones are Zhonghua Gate in the south of the city, Yijiangmen in the northwest, Xuanwu Gate in the northeast and Zhongshan Gate in the east of the city.

3. Former site of the Presidential Palace

Located at No.292, Changjiang Road, it was originally the Tianwangfu, and was transformed into the Governor's Office of Liangjiang in the late Qing Dynasty.

There is a western-style bungalow on the west side of Tianwangfu West Garden, which was once the private greenhouse of the Governor of Liangjiang in the late Qing Dynasty, with a total of seven rooms. 19 12 On New Year's Day, Sun Yat-sen took office here as interim president, and Sun Yat-sen later used it as the president's office and conference room. A Chinese-style building in the northeast of Xiyuan, later called "Zhongshan Hall", is Dr. Sun Yat-sen's bedroom, dining room and bathroom, and downstairs is the residence of security guards.

During the period of Kuomintang rule, China Palace used to be Chiang Kai-shek's office, and later it was changed to the Presidential Palace. A super building was built in the back. Chiang Kai-shek works in room 1 19 on the second floor, while Vice President Li Zongren works in room 1 18 opposite. The conference hall on the third floor was the place where the State Council was held at that time.

4. Jiming Temple

Located at the foot of Jiming Mountain in the north of the city, it is one of the famous ancient temples in Nanjing. Originally the backyard of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, it was promoted to Tingwei Department. In the first year of Liang Datong (527), Tongtai Temple was built here. When Hou Jing rebelled against Taicheng, the temple was destroyed by fire. Yang Wu built the Thousand Buddha Temple in Taicheng, the Jingju Temple in the Southern Tang Dynasty and the Yuanji Temple in the Song Dynasty. In the 20th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1387), Jiming Temple was built in the former site of Tongtai Temple. According to legend, this is the ancient battlefield and the execution ground of the Yuan Dynasty. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Xifan monks were invited to set up an altar to give food to turn over for ghosts, hence the name Shitai. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty (1862- 1874), it was rebuilt and its scale was reduced. Menghuo Building was built in Guangxu period, and Jingyang Building was built in the early Republic of China. Downstairs in the foothills, there is a rouge well, which is said to be the place where Zhang Lihua and Kong Guiyu took refuge in Sui Jun. It is said that the stone in the mine field is rubbed with silk, and the stone vein is marked with rouge, so it is called rouge well, also known as humiliation well. The north is near Xuanwu Lake, with beautiful scenery and pleasant scenery. It is one of the famous scenic spots in Nanjing.

5. Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall

Located at No.30, No.35, 17, Meiyuan New Village, east section of Changjiang Road, north of Hanfu Street, it is the office of the former China * * * production party delegation. From1May, 946 to1March, 947, the delegation of China's * * * production party, headed by Zhou Enlai, held negotiations with the Kuomintang government here for 10 months and 4 days.

6. Drum Tower

Located in Gulougang, the city, it was built in the 15th year of Ming Hongwu (1382). Its building scale is rare in China, and it is divided into two floors, the lower floor is an arched city without beams, and the upper floor is a double-eaved four-slope top, which is very spectacular. Upstairs used to be the place where the Ming Dynasty greeted the king and received the imperial edict to tell the time. The drum originally used for telling time and offering sacrifices has two sides, the small drum has 24 sides, the cloud board has one side, the clock is on one side, four dental sticks, a copper cylinder in the pot room and other musical instruments. These furniture have been lost since the Ming Dynasty. The existing building foundation was originally built in the Ming Dynasty, and the upstairs building was rebuilt in the late Qing Dynasty. Kangxi/kloc-visited the drum tower during his southern tour in 0/684. The next year, he built a huge monument upstairs and changed it into a monument building, but the locals still used to call it the Drum Tower.

7. Nanjing Museum

Located next to the Ming Palace Museum in the east of the city, it is one of the most famous museums in China. The National Museum in the Republic of China was as famous as the Palace Museum and Shanghai Museum.

At present, there are 420,000 museum collections (200,000 in Shanghai Museum) and more than 2,000 national treasures and national first-class cultural relics. Among them, archaeological excavations, cultural relics of ethnic minorities, foreign cultural relics, palace utensils, documents of the Qing Dynasty, and cultural relics of the Japanese surrender ceremony are unique and rare in China, and have high scientific value. There are nearly 300,000 Chinese and foreign professional books in the museum, including rare rare rare books and temple editions in China. The Nanjing Museum has about 200,000 to 300,000 pieces of China's first-class treasures, including the paintings of emperors in past dynasties and the portraits of Xingshu emperors in the Tang and Ming Dynasties. Rare national treasures such as "Mao Dinggong" and "Mu Si Wu Ding" in bronzes. Gathered, Wu Jinding, Xia Nai, Zeng, and other famous experts. During the westward migration in the * * War, he conducted archaeological excavations and ethnic surveys, and published many monographs such as the Archaeological Report of Canger, Yunnan, a Dictionary of Some Pictographs, and Museums.

8. Chaotian Palace is the largest and best-preserved ancient architectural complex in the south of the Yangtze River, covering an area of more than 30,000 square meters and built on the mountain. The history of Chaotian Palace can be traced back to the 5th century BC. Yecheng, one of the earliest cities in Nanjing, was built on Yeshan Mountain, which is now the site of Tiangong. Since then, famous buildings and beautiful structures have been built here, which has become a place for celebrities to board ships. The whole building is divided into three columns, including Confucian Temple, Jiangning Fu Xue in the east and Biangong Temple in the west.

9. Ming Palace ruins

This is the blueprint of the Forbidden City in Beijing. It consists of two parts, the imperial city and Miyagi, which are collectively called palaces. The Palace Museum in the Ming Dynasty has many halls, dense pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings, and thousands of portals. In the early Ming Dynasty, it served as the palace of Hongwu, Wen Jian and Yongle for 54 years. It was not until the 19th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (142 1) that Ming Taizu Judy moved to Beijing and the Ming Palace in Nanjing officially ended the mission of the palace, but the royal family and important officials were still stationed, and their position was very important.

After the capital moved northward, the Ming Palace in Nanjing gradually became cold, and in the following hundreds of years, natural damage was also very serious. During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, the Forbidden City in Ming Dynasty suffered another great destruction because of the war between Taiping Army and Qing Army. In addition to the stone component foundation buried underground, "the gold powder on the balcony has sunk ... the moon sets and the garden in the palace is silent, leaving only a piece of rubble.

Today, Ming Palace Square and Wumaomen Park are built on the former site of Ming Palace Museum.

10. Hongshan Forest Zoo

Hongshan, located in the north of the city, borders Zijin Mountain in the east, Nanjing Railway Station in the west, Xuanwu Lake in the south and Mufu Mountain in the north, covering an area of 68 hectares. The terrain in the park is undulating and the winding path is secluded. There are 37 venues in the bushes, such as bird area, beast area, primate area, large herbivore area and large animal performance field, animal photography field, children's zoo and Shihushan, with superior geographical location.

1 1. Confucius Temple

In other words, the Confucius Temple was built in the Song Dynasty, next to Gong Yuan Street on the north bank of Qinhuai River. The Confucius Temple, with the Qinhuai River in front of the temple as the Chi Pan and the stone brick wall on the south bank as the zhaobi, is 1 10 meters long and is the highest zhaobi in China. Every year, from the first day to the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held here, which is very lively.

From 65438 to 0985, Nanjing Municipal Government restored the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple and rebuilt the city appearance around Confucius Temple. Many shops, restaurants and snack bars were transformed into Ming and Qing styles, and Gong Yuan Street by the river was built into an ancient tourist and cultural commercial street. Confucius Temple not only restored its old appearance, but also presented a new look.

The Confucius Temple complex consisting of Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Jiangnan Palace Garden is the essence of Qinhuai scenery. Mingyuan Building is one of the buildings of Gongyuan, which is located in the middle of Gongyuan. It was originally used to monitor the behavior of the examinee and whether the employees in the hospital have facilities to transfer joints. "Mingyuan" means "pursue the distance with caution, and return to the original". There is a couplet hanging downstairs in the south, which was written by Li Yu, a famous scholar during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. The title is: "If you carve strict words, watch the gentleman crouch down and wait, and the ministers will do their best; In the same month, I like people here and have a panoramic view. " From the couplets, we can also see the purpose and function of setting up Mingyuan Building. There are three gold characters "Mingyuan Building" hanging on the gate, and "Jinling Gong Yuan Monument" embedded in the outer wall, which records the history of the rise and fall of Gong Yuan.

Today, it is the most famous pedestrian business district in Nanjing, and it is also the place with the most flavor of old Nanjing.

12. Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery

As the commanding height of the south of the city, the story of falling flowers comes from this. During the period of Kuomintang rule, it became the execution ground for killing revolutionaries. After liberation, a martyrs cemetery was built here. There are revolutionary martyrs memorial hall and martyrs deeds exhibition hall, which have been visited for many years.

13. Mochou Lake

According to legend, Mochow, a girl from Luoyang in the Southern Dynasties, was born in a poor family and sold herself to bury her father. She married Jinling far away, so she was not allowed to throw herself into the lake with her aunt, hence the name. When Zhu Yuanzhang was in the Ming Dynasty, there was a villa here, which was later called "Jinling No.1 Resort".

14. Memorial Hall for Victims of Nanjing Massacre

Located in Jiangdongmen, Nanjing, it is the site of the collective massacre of Japanese invaders and the burial place of the victims. In order to mourn the victims, Nanjing people built a memorial hall in 1985 and expanded it in 1995. The museum covers an area of 28,000 square meters with a building area of 3,000 square meters. The building is made of gray marble, which is magnificent and solemn. It is a special historical exhibition hall that comprehensively displays the Nanjing Massacre by means of historical materials, cultural relics, architecture, sculpture, film and television.

The museum is divided into three parts: location exhibition area, relics exhibition and historical materials exhibition. The external exhibition area consists of many landscapes, such as group sculptures, vertical sculptures, reliefs, signs, monuments, poems, atonement monuments, dead trees, broken walls, lists of victims, green trees and lawns. It constitutes the architectural style of memorial cemetery with the theme of life and death. In the coffin-shaped exhibition room, the remains of some victims excavated from the "mass graves" during the construction of the museum are displayed, which is the ironclad evidence of the Japanese invaders' massacre. More than 65,438+0,000 precious historical photos, cultural relics, charts and witness materials are displayed in the semi-underground historical materials exhibition hall in the shape of graves. Modern display means such as light boxes, sand tables, clay sculptures, oil paintings, landscape restoration, multimedia touch screens, movies and television are used to reproduce the tragic history of the Nanjing Massacre and expose the bloody atrocities of Japanese militarists.

The museum has become an important place for international prayer for peace and historical and cultural exchanges, and it is also a "national patriotic education demonstration base".

15. Zhanyuan

One of the two existing classical gardens in Nanjing. It turned out to be Xu Da's palace. The central and eastern part of the garden is dominated by a group of ancient buildings, while the western part is a garden, famous for rockeries and waterside pavilions. According to legend, the rockery "Fairy Peak" is the relic of Song Huizong's "Flower Stone Class", and the Miaojing Hall is the Yuanyang Hall, both of which are masterpieces of Nanjing gardens.

16. Bailuzhou

Egret Island, as the ancients said, is located in the Yangtze River, 2.5 kilometers west of Nanjing. Because there were many egrets on the mainland at that time, it was named. Li Bai once recited his famous sentence "Like this island where egrets divide the river".

Today, Bailuzhou Park is located in the north of Wudingmen, south of Lishe Bridge and Ancient Taoyedu of Qinhuai River, and it is one of the scenic spots in Qinhuai Scenic Belt. Originally the East Garden of Xu Da, the king of Zhongshan in Ming Dynasty, the scenery in the garden was destroyed during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. 1923, Yixing people operated teahouses here, including Lv Yun Zhai, Gujiu Xuan, Ouxiangju, Yinfeng Pavilion and Huayu Pavilion. At that time, there was a couplet in the middle of Ouxiang. The first couplet is "This is the former site of the East Garden" and the second couplet is "Its name is Taibai Legacy Poem", which clearly explains the history of the park. 1929, when the old site of Dongyuan was rebuilt, it was turned into a park and named "Bailuzhou Park". 1937, the park was destroyed. 1949 On the eve of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), there were only broken bridges and ruins and a few acres of wasteland. 195 1 year, Bailuzhou Park was expanded with the regulation of Qinhuai River. The garden gate was opened four times, and in front of the north gate stood a pair of stone lions, inscribed by calligrapher Fei Xinwo. Rocks and lakes are piled up in the park, and flowers and trees are everywhere. In addition to repairing Jiufeng Temple and Ouxiangju, Yanyuxuan, cloister, small bridge, arch bridge, waterside pavilion, viewing pavilion, skating rink and juvenile home were also built.

17. Stone Town in Liang Qingshan

Located in the west of Nanjing with beautiful scenery, it is known as "urban forest". There are many places of interest in Liang Qing, including Mapo, Nantang Ancient Well, Liang Qing Temple, Chongzheng Academy and Sweeping Leaf House. Stone Town is located in Liangqingshan District, with a total length of about 3000 meters from north to south. Chengji site is red ochre, which contains a large number of river stones, generally 0.3-0.7 meters above the surface, with the highest point of 17 meters, carved from natural rocks. In the middle section, a few protruding red water stones look like ugly faces, so they are called grimace city. This city was originally Jinling City in Chu Weiwang, which was built in the seventh year of Chu Weiwang (333 BC).

In the 16th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 1 1), Sun Quan of the State of Wu moved the capital to Moling (now Nanjing), and the next year he built a city in the original site of Jinling City, named Stone. Bricks were added in Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405-4 18), and Stone Town was rebuilt as a part of Yingtianfu City (now Nanjing) in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty (1369). Defending the Yangtze River is a battleground for military strategists, and it is known as "the stone city is surrounded by tigers".

18. Victory Monument of the Battle of Crossing the River

Located in the center of Rehe Road Square in Xiaguan, it was built in 1979. Seen from a distance, the whole monument is like a warship braving the wind and waves. On the front of the pedestal, Deng Xiaoping's calligraphy "Victory Monument of Crossing the River" is engraved, and on the back, Mao Zedong's calligraphy "Seven Laws of China People's Liberation Army's Occupation of Nanjing" is engraved.

19. Yanziji

One of the three famous rocks in the Yangtze River is outside Guanyin Gate in the northern suburb of Nanjing. It is a branch of the northeast Yanshan Mountains. It is 36 meters above sea level. The rock stands upright on the river, facing the sky on three sides, and looks like a swallow spreading its wings to fly, so it is called Yanziji. In the early Qing Dynasty, when Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, they all anchored their ships here. There is a tablet pavilion at the top of the Rocky Mountain. Under the stone tablet in the pavilion, there is a book Swallow Collection inscribed by Gan Qing Tommy Tam, with his poems on the back. Climbing at night, the white river on the moon is like practice, which is one of the "48 scenic spots in Jinling".

There are Hongji Temple and Guanyin Pavilion near Yanziji, and the temples are abandoned. Most of the original 12 caves in Yanshan Mountains are cliffs, which were formed by the impact of river water. Now only Toutai Cave, Ertai Cave and Santai Cave are famous. Among them, Santai Cave is the deepest and most tortuous. There are Guanyin Spring, Xiaoyangtian and other places of interest in the cave; There is a stone ladder on the right side of the cave, which can lead to the sky; Hundreds of stone steps, flying pavilion flying in the air. Can't open the realm.

20. Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

Located on the Yangtze River in the northwest of Nanjing, it is a double-deck two-lane highway railway bridge designed and built by our country. Completed on February 29th, 1968+65438.

The upper highway bridge is 4589 meters long, with a lane width of 15 meters, which can accommodate four carts in parallel, with sidewalks more than 2 meters wide on both sides. The lower railway bridge is 6772m long and14m wide, with two tracks, and two trains can start at the same time. Among them, the main bridge on the river1577m, and the rest are approach bridges. The approach bridge of highway adopts the form of double-hole hyperbolic arch bridge with China characteristics. There are 200 cast iron reliefs embedded in the railings on both sides of the main highway bridge, and there are 150 pairs of magnolia street lamps beside the sidewalk. There are two 70-meter-high bridge heads at the north and south ends, and there are elevators in the fort that can pass through railway bridges, highway bridges and watchtowers on the bridge heads. There is also a sculpture of workers, peasants and soldiers with a height of 10 in front of the fort. Under Nanbao is a park with beautiful scenery.

Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge has 9 piers, the highest pier is 85 meters high from foundation to top, and the bottom area is about 400 square meters, which is bigger than a basketball court. The span of the main bridge is160m, and 10,000-ton ships are feasible under the bridge. The whole bridge flies over the river like a rainbow, which is very spectacular. Especially at night, 1048 floodlights are mounted on the bridge railing, 540 metal halogen lamps illuminate the river surface as day on the pier, 150 pairs of magnolia flowers are in full bloom on the highway bridge, and 228 sodium lamps and large sculptures at the bridge head make the bridge cross the river like a string of night pearls.

2 1. Jinghai Temple

Built in the early years of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, built the Jinghai Temple to commemorate Zheng He's seven voyages to the West, praying for the blessing of the sea gods.

1842, British troops invaded Nanjing, and Jinghai Temple became the "negotiation" place of treaty of nanking between China and Britain. On August 29th, the first unequal treaty in China's history, Sino-British treaty of nanking, was formally signed on the British warship "Han Lihua" anchored near Jinghai Temple. Jinghai Temple is a historical witness that modern China was invaded and humiliated by foreign powers.

12. Nanjing Yangtze River Highway Second Bridge

Located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing, it is a north-crossing project of Nanjing Ring Expressway, starting from Yaohuamen in the south and passing through Baguazhou in the middle of the river to Jiangbei factory. It is the largest cable-stayed bridge in China, ranking third in the world, only next to the Japanese Dodo Luo Qiao and the French Lomandi Bridge. It was completed and opened to traffic in March, 200 1 year, which greatly eased the traffic pressure of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge with a history of more than 30 years.

13. Pearl Spring

Located 6 kilometers west of Pukou, it has been built into the only provincial-level tourist resort in Nanjing, covering an area of 1.400 hectares. According to legend, during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a drought in Jinling. Thanks to the pearl spring, the crops are still bumper, and the local farmers don't know about the drought. At that time, people thought it was the blessing of the Dragon King, and donated money to build garden buildings such as the Dragon King Pavilion to express their gratitude to the Dragon King. This is the origin of Pearl Spring.

Not far from the left side of the gate is the spring eye of Pearl Spring, which gushes out from the crevices of the stone and looks like a string of pearls, hence the name. On the stone wall beside the spring, there is the word "Wan Hu Pearl" carved by the ancients. In front of the spring, there is a pool. From a distance, the water drops in the pool splash down on the water like raindrops, like a sunny rain, so it is called a sunny spring. If you clap your hands or sing here, the water drops in the pool will change with the sound. It is an extremely rare natural voice-activated fountain, which looks like a welcome, also known as "Xike Spring". On the right is a large area of water called Jingshan Lake. Now there are bamboo rafts for tourists to ride and enjoy the lakes and mountains. On the right bank of the lake is a rare animal crocodile farm in China. Behind the Spring Eye is Dingshange Restaurant, and behind the restaurant is Camel Garden and Racecourse for tourists to watch and ride. There is an archery range and a camping service center on the left. For example, in summer, you can rent a tent to have a picnic and barbecue on the hillside grass, take a bath in the tent and enjoy the leisure and wild fun.

14. Laoshan National Forest Park

Located on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it faces Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in the east and Anhui Chuhe River in the west. The park covers an area of 8,000 hectares with a forest coverage rate of 80%. The mountains are undulating, the ancient trees are green and the bamboo forests stand tall. There are temples, tombs, springs and caves in the park, and the natural landscape and human landscape are integrated.

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15. Zhuzishan Shizhu Forest

Located in the northeast of Liuhe County, it covers an area of about 13.3 hectares. Each stone pillar is about 40-60 cm in diameter and 20-30 meters high. The cross section is regular or irregular hexagonal and pentagonal, with straight roots and dense arrangement, which is very spectacular. This is a geological tourist attraction.

16. Qixia Mountain

Known as Sheshan in ancient times, it is located 22 kilometers outside Nanjing Taiping Gate. There are three peaks in the mountain, and the peak in the east is called Longshan. Xifeng is like a tiger, called Hushan; The main peak, Sanmao Palace, also known as Fengxiang Peak, is 286 meters above sea level. Shanxi is called Fengling, and there are lots of maple trees. Every late autumn, the mountains are full of red and the scenery is very charming, which is the main scenery to attract tourists in Qixia Mountain. In addition, Qixia Mountain has many historical sites and many strange rocks, which makes it a well-known tourist attraction.

17. stupa

Not far to the east from the mountain road outside the south wall of qixia temple, you can see the stupa, which is made of white stone, with five floors and eight sides and a height of about18m. The outer wall of the tower is engraved with relief, and its image and posture are vivid and vivid. The story of Sakyamuni's becoming a monk is engraved on the tower foundation.

qixia temple

It is the largest temple in Nanjing, located at the west foot of the main peak of Qixia Mountain. It was built in the Yongming period of the Southern Qi Dynasty and rebuilt in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. Now the main buildings are the mountain gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the Pilu Hall, the Shecui Building and the Tibetan Scripture Building.

18. Thousand Buddha Rock

Qianfo Rock was gradually excavated from the second year of Qi Yongming in the Southern Dynasty to the tenth year of Tian Liang's supervision (484-5 1 1). All Buddha statues are either five or six in one niche or seven or eight in one room. At the beginning, there were 5 15 statues of Buddha carved in 294 niches, which were called Thousand Buddha Rock. Later, during the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Shamao Peak was discovered one after another, including 700 statues in the Southern Dynasties. The Buddha statue is several feet high, and the small one is only full of feet.

According to ancient documents, there used to be a very beautiful Buddha statue here, comparable to Yungang and Longmen Grottoes. However, the stones here belong to seasonal sandstone, which is easy to weather, and was restored by eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty, which greatly reduces the artistic value of the Buddha statues here. Since 1925, the abbot of qixia temple, Ruoshun, and others have painted all the Buddha statues with cement for the sake of appreciation, "painting lips with Zhu and eyes with ink".

19. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

This is the tomb of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the great revolutionary forerunner.

Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum faces south, and the memorial hall is a palace-style building with three archways, and the banner of "nation, civil rights and people's livelihood" is engraved on the lintel. There is a marble statue of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in the memorial hall, and the full text of the Outline of the Establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) written by Dr. Sun Yat-sen is engraved on the wall.

The main buildings of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum are: memorial archway, tomb gate, tablet pavilion, memorial hall and tomb. Looking down from the air, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum looks like a "liberty bell" lying on a green carpet. The bronze statue of Dr. Zhongshan at the foot of the mountain is the spire of the bell, the half-moon square is the arc of the bell top, and the top of the tomb is like a pendulum hammer.

The music station is in the south of Zhongshan Square. The stage covers an area of nearly 250 square meters, and a large arc screen wall is built behind the stage, which has the function of gathering sound. There is a crescent lotus pond in front of the stage. There is a fan-shaped auditorium on the slope in front of the pool, which can accommodate more than 3000 people.

20. Ming tombs

Zhu Yuanzhang's mausoleum is one of the largest royal tombs in ancient China. It has a history of more than 600 years and has been rated as one of the world cultural heritages by UNESCO. Dulong House is located at the southern foot of Zhongshan, playing under Mount Everest. There are Xiamafang, Dajinmen, Monument Pavilion, Stone Beast, Wang Zhu, Weng Zhong Stone Man, Monument Hall for Governing the Tang, Long and Song Dynasties, Dashiqiao, Appreciation Hall, Fangcheng and Baocheng. From Xiamafang to Fangcheng, the depth is 2.62 kilometers. At that time, the perimeter of the red wall was 22.5 kilometers, 65,438+10,000 pine trees were planted, and thousands of deer were raised. There is a "Xiao Ling Wei" in front of the mausoleum, and 10 thousand soldiers are sent to guard it.

Ming tomb's Shinto originated from Xiamafang, including the Monument to the Martyr Mountain, the Great Golden Gate, the Red Gate, the Xihongmen (these two gates have been destroyed), the Sifang City (the pavilion of "Shen Gong Shengde Monument in Daming Tomb") and stone carvings. The 800-meter-long Shinto stone carving is quite spectacular. There are 6 species 12 pairs of stone beasts standing on both sides in the first half, namely: lion, roe, camel, elephant, unicorn and horse, 4 of each kind, standing twice and lying twice. At the end of the stone beast stands a pair of stone towers (also known as Hua Biao). After that, they turned to the north, Weng Zhong was listed as eight bodies, and four civil servants and military commanders were separated. The stone statues and beasts in Xiaoling Mausoleum are carved from a whole stone, which is tall, vivid and rough, and is a classic in the stone carvings of Ming emperors' tombs.

2 1. Underwater World

Located at No.2 Sifang City, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, covering an area of 3. 1 m2, it is a large-scale marine life exhibition project integrating science popularization, appreciation and entertainment. The main building of the ancient temple is integrated with the scenic spot of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, and the dark blue tile roof reminds visitors of the vibrant underwater world in fairyland. The main building is divided into four floors: aquarium, gift department, food court and simulated cinema. There are nearly 200 species 10000 species of marine life in the museum, which are mainly composed of the museum, tropical rain forest area, Penguin Pavilion, touch pool, submarine tunnel, human shark dance performance area 1, submarine cinema and so on. Being at the bottom of the sea and swimming with sharks, you will experience the strange feeling of walking on the bottom of the sea.

22. Purple Mountain Observatory

On the west peak of Zhongshan. Turn right when you get out of the emergency exit, and you can go straight along Panshan Highway. Built in 1934, it was the only observatory in China before liberation. At that time, the Observatory was mainly equipped with a reflective telescope with a diameter of 20 cm, a reflective telescope with a diameter of 60 cm and some small instruments. 1937, when the Japanese invaded Nanjing, astronomers moved to the mainland with the main parts of the telescope, and the instruments and equipment were seriously damaged. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it gradually recovered. Here is a collection of some precious astronomical instruments in ancient China, as well as many modern instruments and equipment for measuring celestial bodies, such as the domestic 60cm reflective telescope and solar telescope, which has become a comprehensive astronomical research institution in China. The station has carried out observation and research on the sun, stars, planets, satellites, radio astronomy, calendar calculation, time and astronomical instruments, compiled the China Astronomical Almanac, and successively discovered a number of new celestial bodies, such as asteroids, comets, Yao stars and variable stars, which provided valuable information for carrying out research topics such as planetary physics, solar system evolution, stellar physics and evolution.

The newly-built Zijinshan cableway has a total length of 2,350 meters and a height difference of 330 meters. It is the longest hanging chair cableway in China at present. From Taipingmen Bunker City to Toutuoling Park Park via Zijinshan Observatory. Tianbao City and Bunker City are two important military fortresses built during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Tianbao City is located on Xifeng Mountain, at today's Purple Mountain Observatory. It was built in the silence of a cliff overlooking the whole city. The bunker city is at the foot of Xifeng Mountain, outside the emergency door, and the fortress is strong. Echo up and down, easy to defend but difficult to attack. Toutuoling Park Park is the second highest peak in Zhongshan, with an altitude of 425 meters, where the sightseeing cableway terminal is located. Here, there are huge rock walls, steep peaks and infinite scenery.

23. Linggu Temple

It was built in the early Ming Dynasty. The ancient temple is surrounded by rich nymphs and wild interests, and it is called "deep pine in the spirit valley" in ancient times, which is a good place to explore victory. Including Wuliangdian, ancient Lingbao Tower and Songfengge.

1929, after the main project of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was completed, a memorial tower for the fallen soldiers of the National Revolutionary Army was built behind Linggu Temple, now called Guling Tower. This tower has nine floors and eight sides and is 66 meters high. It is all made of reinforced concrete and covered with green glazed tiles. There is a corridor outside, surrounded by railings; There is a spiral escalator inside, which can climb to the top of the tower step by step. From a distance, Gangluan City seems to be in the picture.

The Infinite Hall, located in Linggu Temple, is named after the worship of Infinite Buddha. Because the whole building is a masonry structure with no beams and rafters, it is also called "no beam hall". This temple is the only remaining ancient building of Linggu Temple. It was built in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1398). Although it has been rebuilt several times, the main structure remains unchanged. The temple is rectangular in plane, more than 50 meters long and 30 meters wide. The roof of the main hall is glazed tile with double eaves and nine ridges, and there are three glazed Lama pagodas on the roof of the big house. In front of the temple is a spacious platform and behind it is a flat tunnel. The first five rooms, one coupon per room, five coupons per line. The middle coupon hole is the largest, with a span of more than 1 1 m and a height of 14 m. The interior is a voucher hole and the exterior is a wood-like structure. There are arches under the eaves, and doors and windows are built on the facade. This is a complex building with various voucher methods. During the Ming Dynasty (1436- 1449), there were three giant buddhas in the temple, with 24 astronomical phenomena on each side. During the reign of Kangxi, Jiaqing and Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, there were repairs. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Qing army set up this camp in Jiangnan. 1928, the national government built the cemetery and memorial tower for the fallen soldiers of the National Revolutionary Army behind the temple, and built the gate and stone square in front of the temple, using the Infinite Hall as the enjoyment hall, which is now open to the public.

24. Xiazi Lake

Xiazi Lake is named after Xiazi Cave, formerly known as Zhuhu Cave, which is the "31st Cave" in Taoist books. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Taoist Zhou Dian lived in seclusion in this cave. After Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he was named Xia Zi, hence the name of the cave. Zhoulin Lake is covered with trees and beautiful red maple.

25. Meihua Mountain

Outside Zhongshan Gate, Zhongshan South is surrounded by Shinto of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. Meihua Mountain, named after many red fruits on the mountain, was originally named Sun. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wu Quan and his wife Bu were buried. Plum blossoms are in full bloom inside and outside the Plum Blossom Garden. Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival is held here from February 28th to March 8th every year, and tourists come here to enjoy the plum blossoms in an endless stream.

Sun Quan's tomb is also the earliest tomb of the Six Dynasties in Nanjing. When Zhu Yuanzhang built the Xiaoling Mausoleum in the early Ming Dynasty, Li Xin, the commander-in-chief of China Army who presided over the mausoleum construction project, suggested to Zhu Yuanzhang that the tomb of Sun Quan should be moved. Zhu Yuanzhang said: "Sun Quan is also a hero, you continue to watch the door for me!" In this way, when the Xiaoling Mausoleum was built, only the stone unicorn in front of Sun Quan Mausoleum was moved to other places, and Sun Ling was kept intact.

26. Buddhist architecture

Located in the vast forest between Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Linggu Temple, it is also called sun yat-sen memorial hall. It was initiated by the Buddhist Association of China in 1934+065438+ 10, and completed in the following year in 65438+ 10.

This building is specially built for the collection of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's articles, including the main building, the monk's room and the stele gallery. The main building is a palace-style building, which looks like a temple building. It has three floors, the lecture hall on the ground floor and a mezzanine auditorium. On the second floor, there is a study room for collecting scriptures, reading scriptures and studying. The third floor is the scripture collection building. There is a cloister building at the back of the building, with a length of 125m. The wall is inlaid with the inscription of the full text of The Three People's Principles donated by General Feng Yuxiang, with * * 6 lectures 138 articles, totaling 155000 words. Each lecture was written by calligraphers Zhang Naigong, Chen Tianxi, Lian Lianhai, Zheng Hongnian, Chen Zhongjing, Cai Yun, Hu Di, Peng, Wang, Li Xuanya, and Deng Dunweng. It is a group of precious cultural relics with excellent calligraphy and seal cutting.

27. Steam Pavilion

Zhengqi Pavilion is located on the east bank of Xiazi Lake, in front of Xiazi Cave, between Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Ming Mausoleum. The pavilion is a square pavilion with double eaves and flying corners, blue glazed tiles, Suzhou granite foundation, red columns and painted top beams. The granite retaining wall behind the pavilion is inlaid with the words "Zhengqi Pavilion" inscribed by Sun Ke.

28. Zhongshan Botanical Garden

Formerly known as the Prime Minister's Cemetery Memorial Botanical Garden, it is actually one of the memorial buildings of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Located at the southern foot of Zhongshan, near the Ming Tombs, it was built in 1929, which was severely damaged after the war. Approved by the Government Affairs Bureau of the Central People's Government 1954, it was named Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden. Now it is the base for research, appreciation and popularization of botany knowledge in China.

The park covers an area of 65,438+087 hectares, including flower and plant display greenhouse, medicinal botanical garden, plant classification system garden, arboretum garden, rose garden, Mediterranean landscape garden, economic plant breeding garden, popular science exhibition area, aquatic plant exhibition area, experimental nursery, research room, scientific and technological achievements promotion area and natural vegetation protection area. * * * More than 3,000 kinds of plants have been collected and cultivated, and contacts have been established with more than 60 countries in the world. 1980 has established a sister garden relationship with Missouri Botanical Garden.