What's the story behind the first artillery unit of our army?

1February, 947, the People's Liberation Army prepared to attack the Kuomintang troops entrenched in Zijie, Jiutai County. Rows of shells flew across the sky and exploded in the city, which made the Kuomintang army fearful and suffered heavy casualties.

These Kuomintang troops never dreamed that the PLA would have such a large artillery unit in such a short time, and thought that the Soviet Union must have secretly provided weapons and equipment to the PLA.

The reason for this is that the heavy weapons such as tanks, armored vehicles, planes and cannons left by the Japanese army in the northeast at that time were seized by the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Red Army was closely related to the People's Liberation Army, so it would naturally provide weapons.

According to relevant data, the Soviet army * * * confiscated 800,000 rifles, 20,000 light machine guns and 5,000 heavy machine guns, including 5,000 mortars, 0.5 million chariots/kloc-0, 600 tanks, 800 planes and several ships.

Even so, the Soviet army at that time did not appear generous, providing the PLA with a large number of weapons and equipment, including heavy weapons such as cannons. But rushed back to China to prepare for steelmaking.

Later, Liu Yalou, former Chief of Staff of the Four Fields, also made clarification in his public speech.

As for how the artillery units of the PLA were established? It is also a bitter thing to say. You may not think that the first artillery unit of our army grew up in rags.

When it comes to the formation of the PLA artillery unit, I have to mention another person. He is Zhu Rui, Chairman Mao's "Marshal of China Artillery"!

1In September, 945, a small team set out from Yan 'an, the revolutionary holy land, and merged into the steel torrent of 100,000 people's liberation army.

Unexpectedly, they are all teachers, students and cadres of Yan 'an Artillery School, but they are all high flyers. Earlier, they received an order from the Central Military Commission to go through the customs with the People's Liberation Army and rushed to the northeast to form artillery.

Jolie, president of Yan 'an Artillery School, is leading this army to stride forward!

Zhu Rui led the students of the artillery school to Shenyang, only to find that the Soviet army had transported the Japanese tanks, artillery and other heavy weapons to the train. Zhu Rui personally visited the house, hoping that the Soviet army could support some weapons, but he was turned away one after another.

Jolie and the students vowed: "Everything belongs to Dont Ask For Help, and everything depends on yourself!" If the Soviets don't give weapons, we will "catch" ourselves.

Zhu Rui set the policy: "disperse personnel, collect materials and establish a family business."

The main task of artillery school is to collect weapons and equipment. All the money brought from Yan 'an is 1 297 taels of money and 7 cents of gold, which should be far from enough to collect and repair weapons.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/946, Zhu Rui and the students of the artillery school traveled almost all over Beiman, looking for weapons and ammunition left over from the places where the Japanese army had been stationed and fought.

Their footprints, from Suifenhe River in the east, Manzhouli in the west, Changchun in the south, Hulin and Aihui in the north, all left the footprints of teachers and students in the artillery school.

In the weather of MINUS 40 degrees, they are still in the cold wind, looking for artillery weapons in the wilderness of Baishui in Montenegro. They often get lost and even meet local bandits. Difficulties and obstacles did not frighten them.

In Jingbo Lake, three cannons were pulled up at one time. In the secret warehouse next to it, 6.5438+0.5 million Japanese artillery shells were found, and a "wooden sign" was left, which said that the invaders' ambition was obvious.

By February 1947, the artillery school had collected more than 700 guns of different sizes. Among them, there are 49 howitzers, 97 field guns, mountain guns/KOOC-0/08, infantry guns/KOOC-0/4/KOOC-0/,about 300 mortars, anti-aircraft guns/KOOC-0/37, and 65 tanks and tractors.

At the same time, the artillery construction of the People's Liberation Army has gradually stepped onto the right track and received financial support. Dongbeiju provided 60 million northeast coins to the artillery school at one time, equivalent to 3300 taels of gold.

Under the conditions at that time, this was already astronomical!

Subsequently, Jolie led the students to step up the construction of the gun repair shop and process and reuse the collected incomplete guns. With the expansion of the PLA's combat scale, artillery factories were once expanded to nine, and subordinate factories provided material support.

In just half a year from 1 September 1946 to 1 March 1947, Zhu Rui has established 73 artillery companies in northern Manchuria, including chariot company1company, automatic car company1company, 2 anti-aircraft artillery companies and 27 artillery companies in southern Manchuria.

In this way, the first modern artillery unit in the history of our army began to take shape. After three wars in the south of the Yangtze River, the operational level of the PLA artillery has been greatly improved, and the northeast war situation has become a foregone conclusion for the PLA to win.

However, the number of shells and artillery is still limited. If we want to launch a larger-scale war, we need the help of artillery. Therefore, it is even impossible to rely solely on leaks. You need direct assistance from the Soviet Union to solve the urgent need.

Under such circumstances, Zhu Rui went to North Korea again in June 1947 to discuss weapons support with Soviet troops. Because of the changes in the northeast war situation, the Soviet army finally agreed to provide the PLA with weapons, equipment and ammunition left by the Japanese and puppet troops, but they needed to be transported at night to avoid being detected by the Kuomintang army.

At that time, in order to show sincerity to the Soviet army, with the support of Dongbeiju, agricultural products were exchanged at a discounted price.

In the following two months, the Soviet army delivered more than 10 trains of Japanese old weapons, artillery and ammunition to the PLA, which greatly changed the resource dilemma of the PLA artillery and provided strong heavy firepower support for the PLA's hard battle in the city, and became more and more mature!