Composition of Japanese bombing of Shanghai Railway Station

Information on the bombing of Shanghai South Railway Station by Japanese invaders on August 28th and model essay1937 (1) 2011-03-29 22: 37.

Historical data:

Wang Xiaoting (1900— 198 1), a Beijinger, used to be a "star" photojournalist.

This photo is more famous than Wang Xiaoting himself. In the eventful autumn of 1937, 65438+300 million people all over the world have seen this photo. 1937 After the "August 13th Incident", the Battle of Songhu broke out. On August 28th, Japanese planes bombed Shanghai South Railway Station. More than 200 waiting women and children were killed and the whole station was in ruins. Wang Xiaoting, a photojournalist from China who worked for Hearst News Agency in the United States, witnessed at the scene: a child covered in blood was sitting on the railroad track crying. He captured this moment with the last point of the film. These films and pictures only lasted for more than ten seconds, and he intercepted one of the shots and became the photo above. The film was sent to Manila by a US Navy warship and then to new york by plane. Two weeks later, it appeared on the cover of the influential American Life magazine. According to the analysis of communication scholars, such a publicly published photo strongly influenced American public opinion at that time and aroused strong international repercussions. Since Shanghai South Railway Station is far away from the war zone and has no military facilities, Japan's bombing is completely aimed at innocent civilians. President Roosevelt immediately protested to Japan, and countries also condemned Japan's actions. Faced with the pressure of international public opinion, the Japanese lied that the pilot mistakenly thought that the platform was China's army being mobilized, so there was a "mistaken bombing". At the same time, the Japanese offered a reward for the capture of Wang Xiaoting. He was forced to flee to Hong Kong. In addition to this picture of "Children under Japanese Air Attack in Shanghai South Railway Station", most of the video materials that people can see today are also from Wang Xiaoting. Wang Jianlong, his son, recalled that Shanghai was bombed by the Japanese almost every day, sometimes several times a day. My father takes a movie camera to shoot news documentaries every day. He still has four or five cameras hanging on him, running around the war zone. At that time, most of the battlefield photos published in Shanghai newspapers came from his lens. Wang Xiaoting said in his later memoirs: I ran around shooting all day. Try to use the lens to record the turbulent China society. Wang Jianlong remembers that his father went out early and came back late every day. Sometimes he is very excited when he comes back, and sometimes he doesn't want to talk when he comes back. "He is photographing the dead and dying people he sees on the ground every day, and his heart is very sad." One day, Wang Xiaoting was in a bad mood when he came home, because he went to film a bloody battle in eight hundred heroes and saw soldiers falling down one by one. This historical fact is: 1937, 10/0. On October 27th, Xie Jinyuan, the head of the 524th regiment of the 262nd Brigade of the 88th Division, was ordered to lead the main force of the regiment into the four-lane warehouse on the north bank of Suzhou Creek to carry out the sniper task, and fought bloody battles with the Japanese for four days and four nights. At that time, Chinese and foreign people watching the war on the other side found that there was a man with a camera in the rain of bullets. This is Wang Xiaoting. However, this is already a vague name. The author first asked a famous photojournalist. He patted his forehead and said, Wang Xiaoting, the photo he took of Japanese bombing Shanghai Railway Station is very famous. But he went on to say, no matter how much, I don't know. He recommended an old gentleman of news photography to the author. On hearing Wang Xiaoting's name, the old man just said, "I don't know him either. However, Wu Qun, who specializes in the history of photography in China, has passed away. He published an article in the magazine History of Photography, entitled' Wang Xiaoting, the most active battlefield photographer in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War'. " He published this issue of the magazine. Read it to the reporter. This article is short and has no personal background about Wang Xiaoting. The key point is to introduce this famous photo by quoting the records in the History of Photography edited by Jiang Qisheng. "Anyway, my information here is very limited. There is very little about Wang Xiaoting. I think Wu Qun has collected as many things as possible, that's all. " He finally said. A senior personage of the China Photographers Association told the reporter that there is really not much information about Wang Xiaoting in the mainland at present, even if you inquire from various aspects, "it is estimated that it will be enough". Because Wang Xiaoting later went to the United States and died in Taibei. "The photo of Wang Xiaoting was taken so well that we know it today. In fact, we have not seen many photos of the anti-Japanese war at that time. " He said loudly. In his view, our history of anti-Japanese war photography is "shortened by half" because "we pay more attention to the photography of the Eighth Route Army, but there is basically no photography in the Kuomintang-controlled areas". Recently, a publishing house published a collection of historical photos. When he saw it, he found that many photos had never been seen before. As soon as the customer inquired, he knew that the editor was from Taiwan Province Province. Many photos were taken from Taiwan Province province. People don't know Wang Xiaoting now, but they only know a little about him. Someone was moved by him and wrote the following words: "Please remember him, Wang Xiaoting. A photographer who records hell. Remember his greatness, his truth, his cruelty, and his unspeakable tenderness. "

Shanghai is the largest city in China, with developed industries and bustling streets. After the July 7th Incident, the Japanese aggressor troops launched the August 13th Incident in Shanghai to expand the war of aggression against China. The Japanese army has mobilized 200,000 troops to attack Shanghai, and at the same time dispatched 100 planes to repeatedly carry out destructive bombing of Shanghai. On the afternoon of August 1937, Japanese planes bombed Shanghai. Bombs landed on Nanjing Road on the Bund, and Huamao Hotel and Zhonghui Hotel were destroyed. Nanjing Road is a mess. In the ruins of the bombed building, the injured were pressed to the ground and groaned in pain. The bomber was bloody and mutilated. A few minutes later, the intersection of Yuqiliao Road and Aiduoya Road was also bombed. This area is also one of the downtown areas in Shanghai, and there are many refugees on both sides of the road. The bomb fell here, and most of the houses nearby were destroyed or collapsed. More than 20 cars parked on the roadside all caught fire, and the cables were blown off and fell to the ground, causing a fire, which made the disaster even more tragic. The victim's mutilated limbs were scattered everywhere, and the streets were covered with blood.

The bombing killed 65,438+0,742 innocent civilians, injured 65,438+0,873 people, and destroyed and burned houses and property were incalculable. At noon on August 23rd, 1937, Japanese planes bombed Nanjing Road and Zhejiang Road. Shixian company was bombed, the wires were broken and many places caught fire. 2 15 people were killed, and a young mother was lying in a pool of blood, leaving only two bloody feet in her arms. In addition, more than 570 people were killed.

At 2 pm on August 28th of the same year, Japanese planes bombed Hainan Railway Station crazily. There are two stations in Shanghai, North Station and South Station. After "August 13th", the North Station was in a war zone, and the traffic was completely cut off. The South Station became the only exit for land traffic. At that time, refugees from Shanghai and its vicinity flocked to flee, and the South Station was crowded. The first batch of four Japanese planes bombed the South Station, killing more than 500 refugees. Soon, eight Japanese planes flew over the South Station and dropped bombs, killing more than 200 people. The overpass, platform and tracks of the station were blown to powder, and the ground was covered with charred and mutilated bodies. There are bodies scattered on the platform, and there are lead skins and boards on it. Many women who were killed in the square clung to their headless and limbless children. Molotov cocktails thrown by Japanese planes ignited the Waijieqi and Zhengjiaqiao outside the station. At that time, there was thick smoke and crying, which was terrible and terrible. Shanghai South Railway Station is far from the crossfire zone, and there are no military facilities at all. China's army bombed the South Railway Station, which was a planned brutal massacre.

On September 18, Japanese planes bombed Yangshupu and other places in the east of Shanghai, dropping several incendiary bombs, which covered the fire in factories and residential areas in this area and caused heavy losses. At 8 o'clock in the morning, the factory building of Yihe Cotton Mill was shot, and the beater immediately caught fire. Then, the office buildings on East Broadway Road and Fair Road were shot and the fire spread rapidly. In addition, industrial areas and residential areas, such as Zhaofeng Road Warehouse, a residential area east of Broadway Road, and Peilin Foreign Egg Factory, caught fire and burned to scorched earth.

Under the indiscriminate bombing of Japanese planes day and night, Shanghai was seriously damaged. Only 92 cultural and educational institutions and schools were attacked by Japanese planes (some of them were bombed and shelled), and 75% of them were completely destroyed. Many medical and health institutions were also bombed. For example, on August 18 and August 19, the Japanese bombed Zhiru Southeast Medical College and the Third Rescue Team of Nanxiang Red Cross successively.

Regarding the destruction of Shanghai by bombing, it is clear at a glance to quote the report of Shanghai Miller Review Weekly on March 1938: "At least 65,438+10,000 shops were destroyed, including the owner's residence and property. These shops were either burned, blown up or destroyed or robbed. If we drive past Hongkou, Yangshupu, Zhabei and Heather, but see the streets on both sides, they are in ruins and often extend for miles. 1932 After the Battle of Songhu, the area about one mile wide and two miles long was seriously damaged. This time, it is not surprising that there are often no tiles left in the area over three kilometers. In many places, the damage is almost indescribable. Many small shops and houses near the two-way administration were blown up. "

More than 60 years ago, a photo entitled "Children under Japanese air strikes at Shanghai South Railway Station" shocked the whole world. In the picture, a child covered in blood is sitting on the railway track in the ruins of the railway station, crying in fear. This photo was taken by the famous news photographer Wang Xiaoting. It is highly respected in the press and photography circles at home and abroad and is regarded as a war classic. The connotation of the photo is very rich, and there are many stories around it that are worth remembering forever.

During the "August 13th" Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 in Songhu, the Japanese successively dispatched 100 planes to bomb the downtown area of Shanghai, turning a large area of bustling blocks into broken walls, and countless people were displaced and became refugees.

With the war in Shanghai North Railway Station, South Railway Station has become the main channel on land. Chinese and foreign charitable organizations have been helping and repatriating refugees for days, with thousands of people every day. The station was crowded with refugees inside and outside.

On August 28th, 1937, the Japanese army claimed that it would bomb this area, because the Japanese army had gathered in heather. At 2 pm 10, six bombers flew over the south station under the guidance of two reconnaissance planes. Jiangxi Guild Hall is repatriating a large number of Jiangxi refugees, and other refugees are also flocking. About 65,438+0,800 people were waiting at the South Station, including many women and children. The plane kept diving and bombing, dropping more than 20 bombs, immediately killing more than 250 refugees, injuring more than 500 people and destroying the Shanghai-Hangzhou railway transportation hub. Shanghai's Li Bao recorded: "The station building, overpass, water tower and garage were blown up on the spot, and all the refugees waiting at the platform were in trouble, killing 600 to 700 people. The deceased was lying on the ground, the injured were sideways, the heads of the residual limbs were everywhere, and the blood was flowing ... The scene was terrible. "

After the incident, the overwhelming attack of international public opinion made the Japanese side at a loss. The south station is far from the crossfire zone and there are no military facilities. The reporter of Zilin Happy News patrolled the streets and lanes of Heather and confirmed that there were no China soldiers. The Japanese military argued that it was a "mistaken bombing", claiming that the pilots mistakenly regarded the railway station warehouse as an arsenal and the waiting refugees as mobilized troops. In fact, the repatriation of refugees from the South Station has long been well known, and the Japanese army knows the situation around the South Station like the back of its hand. The so-called "accidental bombing" can only be said to be shattered glass. The argumentative Japanese claimed that these photos were forged by Wang Xiaoting for anti-Japanese propaganda.

Photo background: After the bombing, the children began to cry because of fright and pain. Then the adults came to hold the boy, put the boy down and held the child. The adults settled the child and came back to hold the boy.

Of the three photos, the picture of the child crying is the most powerful, and it is a bloody accusation against the aggressor.

During the period of 1943, Song Meiling made a propaganda speech in the United States and Canada, which was very successful. Aid and materials flew like snowflakes, and a considerable part of them were marked as donations to children in need.

"Children under Japanese air strikes at Shanghai South Railway Station" is the witness of Japan's war of aggression against China. This tragic picture is the epitome of the Chinese nation's suffering from war disasters. This child is a typical example of thousands of suffering children in Qian Qian. Wang Xiaoting shot at the risk of his life in the war, which captured this shocking moment, nailed the invaders to the shame column forever, and revealed the far-reaching significance of human anti-fascist war. History will remember this moment.

Read the model essay:

Lonely child

1On August 28th, 937, it was dark and the sun was covered by layers of dark clouds. However, Shanghai South Railway Station is still very lively. Those who were going to leave by train didn't notice at all that a small group of heavily armed Japanese soldiers were approaching the entrance of the railway station. With submachine guns in their hands and bullet bags hanging around their waists, they quickly scanned the busy people around them with wolf-like eyes.

Suddenly, a commander-like man raised his submachine gun and shot at the noisy crowd. Several young people at the ticket gate were frightened by this sudden attack and immediately fell into a pool of blood. Those children who sit in front of the podium and have a rest and play, some of them are timid and have long been scared to cry; There are also some courageous people who fled in all directions. The whole railway station is shrouded in fear, and there is a murderous look in the air.

With the buzzing sound, several bow-tie fighters of different colors and shapes flew here. I saw them hovering over the railway station like fierce eagles, dropping several bombs and then flying away. The South Railway Station, which was bustling an hour ago, suddenly turned into ruins.

A series of immature cries came from the ruins of the South Railway Station, and I saw a little boy sitting on the blood-spattered ground crying helplessly. He is in rags, his thin body supports his huge head, and he is obviously a poor child with malnutrition. He is a poor child and the luckiest one at the same time. When the enemy plane dropped the bomb, the young parents put the sleeping child under their bodies and provided him with a refuge with their lives. A few minutes later, a steel plate fell right on the couple. ...

When the child woke up, he could no longer find his parents among the unrecognizable bodies around him. The child may have realized that the person who loves him most has left him, and he doesn't know what else to do except cry.

This is a small fragment of the disaster that war has brought to mankind. Of course, this poor child was taken in by a kind passer-by. When he grew up, the children appealed to people all over the world: "For children not to lose their father, for wives not to lose their husbands, and for the elderly not to lose their sons, people all over the world should act in unison to ring the death knell of war for the new 2 1 century and make this world a real home for mankind."

When the footsteps of spring approach us, we will wait quietly with open arms. When the guns of war ring again, we should sincerely pray that people all over the world can be bathed in the sunshine of spring breeze, peace and love.

Crying caused by war

1On August 28th, 937, Japanese planes bombed Shanghai South Railway Station, killing more than 200 people and injuring countless others. A couple took their newborn baby to Shanghai Railway Station to take a train. They were bombed by Japanese invaders.

Shanghai Railway Station was bombed into a "garbage dump" that day. Although the couple were injured, they still protected their children tightly. When pursued by the Japanese invaders, the child's father gave his precious life to protect his wife and children. The mother and son were so sad that tears ran down their cheeks. My son seemed to know that his father had passed away and cried louder than his mother, like lightning and thunder. Just then, the baby's mother vaguely heard the footsteps of the Japanese invaders, but her mother was so tired that her feet were numb and she was injured that she couldn't walk.

Great maternal love gives mother strength and makes her run. Because she ran very slowly, the Japanese invaders shot her mother in the foot. Mother was beaten to death. The child seems to be crying: "Dad, Mom, come back quickly, son, I need you, come back quickly!" " "

The mother seemed to hear her son crying. She opened her eyes hard and said, "My dear child, you must live. In the future, you will defeat the Japanese invaders, avenge your parents, add luster to People's Republic of China (PRC), and let foreigners know that China is not so easy to bully! Mom and Dad will always love you and bless you forever. Goodbye, my son. "

Say that finish, mother has closed her eyes, no breathing. This incident became a permanent injury to the newborn baby, and he became an orphan. This baby hates Japanese invaders. Why did he kill my parents and invade China? When I grow up, I must carry on my mother's legacy, defeat the Japanese invaders, and show the Japanese some color to let them know that we China people are powerful.

Why is there a war in the world? Where did the God of Peace go? Why do newborn babies lose their parents? Why did the beautiful railway station become a "garbage dump"? Why? Why?

Children in war

On August 28th, 1937, Japanese invaders bombed Shanghai South Railway Station.

There was a loud bang and the waiting room of the railway station collapsed instantly. Thousands of people in the station panicked and fled everywhere, screaming and crying, and it was a mess. Suddenly, smoke billowed and blood splashed.

At this time, a child's crying came from the ruins and debris of the bombed waiting room. Hearing the sound, a three-or four-year-old boy was sitting in the ruins, surrounded by bloody bodies and covered in blood. The boy was obviously frightened by what happened around him. His face was frightened, his eyes were wide open, his face was dusty, and he cried desperately with his mouth open, even the veins stood out on his neck and face. The poor child is looking for his parents and his familiar relatives with his desperate cries. However, this sad cry did not disturb his parents or his relatives. The only answer is that these relatives have been killed by Japanese bombs.

The enemy bombers are still hovering overhead, and the bombs continue to attack. People on the ground are dead and injured, and the rivers are bloody and unimaginable. At that moment, he heard a faint sound in the nearby ruins. He knew it was his mother's voice. So, he climbed over in desperation, his hands and feet were cut by debris, and his blood flowed, but he completely ignored it. A three or four-year-old child suddenly seems to have become a sensible little adult, because he has a hope that he must see his mother and save her life. Finally, the little boy climbed up to his mother and saw her face covered with blood. The little boy quickly reached out to help his mother wipe it, and her mother squeezed the word "child" out of her teeth and died. In this way, a happy family was bombed by Japanese invaders and became an orphan.

What will be the future life of this lonely and poor child? I believe he will remember this history, study hard and make unremitting efforts to revitalize China.

a photo

When I held this photo, I was filled with emotion. When I was a child, I always heard my mother repeat this sentence: "The Japanese are so bad that they have lost their humanity!" (point out time and historical events. )

When I saw this photo, I saw the scene at that time. This is1August 28th, 937, when the Japanese invaders bombed Shanghai South Railway Station, the reporter shot the real scene:

A poor child, sitting in a pile of ruins, covered his face with dirty hands and cried sadly. The prosperity around him turned into ruins in an instant. He was very sad-because he lost his home and his closest relative, he silently shouted: "Dad … Mom … where are you …" He looked around, looked at the brick with confused eyes, and moved it with immature hands: "Mom … Mom, don't leave me!" "There is no hope in his eyes. If he is sensible, he will definitely think: Why, my family, my relatives? Yes! Where did the little boy's relatives go? It turned out that when the Japanese plane bombed, the mother used her whole body to protect her child, and unfortunately she was killed and the child survived. Later, he was seen by a photographer and sent to an orphanage. Describe the benefits of action and psychology properly. )

At this time, I remembered what my mother said to me: "The Japanese are so bad that bad gains and losses lose humanity!" " "Yes, I always feel that the Japanese have no children and relatives? Don't they know the sense of crisis and the fear of losing loved ones? Did they just kill some innocent people with knives and guns? I hate Japanese invaders, they are full of blood and ambition! Now they are not like other countries: they love and embrace peace. (Express opinions and ask powerful questions. )

So far, the Japanese, led by the Japanese Prime Minister, have refused to acknowledge history and the harm they have done to other neighboring countries. They only play with fire and set themselves on fire.

Japanese, please cherish the lives of others and make your own contribution to world peace. (Finally, some suggestions are given. )

Lucky war orphans

Jason, have you seen the photo in this newspaper? Mr. William asked his son with black hair and eyes. The son shook his head and looked at his father doubtfully.

"Look carefully, who does this child look like?"

Young Jason looked at the yellow newspaper full of Chinese characters and looked puzzled. "Who is this child who is sitting in the middle of the ruined railroad tracks and is covered in blood and crying? Dad asked, he must be someone I know. But I have no such friends. Maybe it's my mother's relative. My father once told me that my mother is from China. She's dead. I have never heard my father say that I still have relatives in China. "

"Dad, who is this? I don't know him. Is it from mom's house? " Jason asked.

"Son, when you grow up, it's time for me to tell you the truth." Mr. William looks very miserable. Obviously, he made such a decision after some ideological struggle.

"Dad, what are you going to tell me?" Jason asked in great surprise.

"Son, the child in the newspaper photo is you."

Jason turned pale and trembled all over. "no! Impossible! "

"He is you! Please listen to me! " Mr. William looks calm.

"You are a child of China, and your parents are from China. They were killed when Japan bombed Shanghai on August 28th. 1937. You are a survivor of the explosion. My wife and children will leave war-torn Shanghai for Nanjing by bus. Unfortunately, they also died in that bombing. I was in Shanghai at that time. I didn't accompany them to the station because I had something to deal with, so I escaped the disaster. Later, I saw the photos published in the newspaper, and finally got in touch with the newspaper and adopted you from the newspaper. Your name was Wang Zhenhua, and you were only three years old. I can't find your birthday, so I set August 28th as your birthday ... "Mr William's face became very heavy, and he stopped suddenly.

At this time, Jason's eyes have been blurred by tears.

"I finally took you out of Shanghai and came to Hong Kong ... Jason, now that you have grown up and graduated from college, it's time to know the truth."

"Dad, thank you for telling me the truth! One day, I must go back to China and Shanghai. I want to contribute to the people of China not being bullied by others. " Jason said very firmly.

A letter from heaven

Qin xiaotian

Dear children:

Hello!

My name is Fulai. 1937 died on August 29th, and now he is in heaven. I am the little boy crying in the photo. (identify the author)

Seventy years have passed, but I will never forget that scene. At the beginning of August 1937, it was said that the Japanese would occupy Shanghai. On August 28th, our family of four prepared to take a train to my grandparents' home in the countryside to take refuge. The Japanese plane is coming, and I don't want to walk to the railway station like this. I only heard a few loud bangs. Eyes flashing with white light, ears buzzing, as if pushed by some force, I don't know anything. The cause and process of the event. )

I don't know how long it took to open my eyes. I saw the railway station gone, the railway became like a twist, the house fell down, the overpass fell down, my parents disappeared, my brother disappeared ... There were many people under the brick, some lost their arms, some lost their legs, some were bleeding, some were moaning ... I was scared to death and cried and said, "Dad-"I thought: They must have been blown up and buried under the rubble. I was so sad that I kept crying and shouting ... (recreate the tragic scene of the war. )

Later, someone carried me into a house, where people in white clothes came and went, and people with blurred blood were lying on the bed. I'm hungry and lonely, my body is burning and dizzy, and I seem to weigh a thousand pounds. In this way, after I was in a coma for a day and a night, I never woke up and died in the shouts of people. What a terrible war! Young life was taken away! )

Son, more than 70 years have passed, and I have been watching our motherland from the sky. Now, our motherland is strong, and no one dares to invade our motherland anymore. How happy your lives are. Children, please remember that I was deprived of my young life by the invaders, remember the humiliating history of our motherland, study hard and work hard to make our motherland stronger! If you fall behind, you will be beaten. If you really want to fight.

Wish the children.

Learn and progress!

Fulai

April 20(th)

model essay

At Shanghai Railway Station, the little boy and his parents in the photo just came out of the department store and bought big bags of things for their son's second birthday. The weather was fine that day, the sky was blue, and there was a little cool wind blowing on my face. The little boy was comfortably held in his mother's arms and babbled happily. Dad also took out a noisy gadget from the shopping bag and played it for the children. The little boy was happier, and the family of three walked happily on the hurried road of pedestrians.

Suddenly, the buzzing sound of the plane reached people's ears, and people walking on the road seemed to feel something. Everyone looked at each other for two or three seconds. Suddenly, someone shouted, "Here comes the plane! The plane is coming! " Then, I heard people screaming and shouting. The little boy's family is no exception: the mother hugs the child tightly, and the father also leaves something in his hand to protect the mother and the child. The sound of the plane is getting louder and louder, before everyone can run to a safe place, first one, then two or three ... The bombs falling from the sky stick to people mercilessly, and the rumbling sound seems to be that the bombs are exploding more and more vigorously: the falling speed is getting faster and faster, and the number is increasing ... Everyone present is attacked by Japanese devils. The little boy's family suffered the same disaster. I saw that the parents of the boy injured by the bomb were dying. Regardless of their own safety, they tried their best to push the boy aside. At the same time, they died forever.

At this moment, the little boy burst into tears. He was scared to cry by this scene. He doesn't want bombs to keep falling, and he doesn't want to hear planes buzzing. He just wants his parents to accompany him to his second birthday, walk under the blue sky and spend every day safely. ...

in ten years ...

The boy grew up and became an excellent PLA soldier, defending the country and letting the people spend every day safely.

How cruel the Japanese are! I will never forget China's humiliation and unyielding in the past eight years!

Black and white photos have strengthened my belief in calling for peace and hating war.