How deep is the ocean? What will be in the depths of the ocean? You don't have to believe it when you say it?

How deep is the ocean? What will be in the depths of the ocean? You don't have to believe it when you say it?

Everyone is a primary school student, so we all know that Mount Everest, the highest peak on the earth, is 8848M above sea level, and the deepest trench is the Fizez Sea in Mariana, with a depth of 1 1034 m, located at120 N,142 655. Although Mount Everest is the highest point in the world, it is not the closest mountain to space! This laurel belongs to Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador!

Because the earth is not a right sphere, the sea level in the equatorial region rises due to the earth's rotation. If the altitude is calculated, Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador will be pitted by the earth's rotation! So obviously, the nearest place to the center of the earth may be in different locations, but in fact, so far, the nearest area to the center of the earth is Mariana Trench!

However, our focus today is not to discuss the deepest or highest problems, but to simply understand what kind of creatures live from the surface of the ocean to the deepest part!

1. The picture above shows the "photosynthesis zone" on the ocean surface. Why is it so defined? Because most visible light can penetrate from the surface to the water depth of about 200M, marine plants and plankton live here! It is also the water layer with the richest fish resources!

The second is the middle layer, which is about 200M- 1000M, or it is also called "twilight layer", because it is difficult for light to penetrate this layer, from which we can see strange fish, such as luminous creatures!

Third, the area from 1000M to 4000M is called "deep zone"! The water pressure here is very high, and the only light you can see is either the light from an artificial submersible or the light from a cold-light creature! However, sperm whales can reach this area to feed and hunt their favorite king squid. The color of fish at this depth is also very strange, usually black or red!

Dripping fish lives in the sacred area of 1000- 1200M, which is no different from a lump of meat, but I don't know how this fish tastes.

The range from 4000m to 6000m is the "abyss zone". Most invertebrates live here, such as small squid and blue starfish. Of course, the white blind shrimp discovered by the British research team in the South Caribbean not long ago also lives at a depth of about 5,000 meters. Surprisingly, the environment of blind shrimp has a hot spring area as high as 450 degrees. Of course, don't think that blind shrimp can withstand 450 degrees!

White shrimp!

5. The area from 6000m to10000m is the "abyss zone"! Basically, these areas are located in trenches,

Lionfish live in waters with a water depth of about 7000-8000 meters. It's hard to believe that liofish, who is weak, boneless and flawless, will live in this cold and dark abyss!

Below 10000M, no obvious fish can live in this area for the time being, but I believe there must be creatures that we can't see with the naked eye. As we can see from our earth, creatures at this depth can't be found by the naked eye! In the future, the "Europa speedboat project" to explore the underwater life of Europa may be disappointed, because the water thickness of Europa exceeds 100 km, and the liquid water is estimated to be under the ice layer with a thickness of tens of kilometers. We really can't hold too much hope! Because the water pressure is too high!

A: The deepest part of the earth's Shanghai Ocean is-1 1034 meters. So far, more than 5,000 people have climbed Mount Everest, more than 500 people have gone into space, but only 3 people have entered the 10,000-meter deep sea.

It can be said that human understanding of space is even much higher than that of the deep sea. The surface area of the earth is 7 1%, and the average depth is more than 3000 meters, but human beings know little about the world under the deep sea.

1960, Swiss physicist Jacques Picard and US Navy Walsh took the "Trieste" deep-sea submersible and dived into the Mariana Trench. The maximum dive depth is10916m.

20 12 The Deep Sea Challenge, funded by Hollywood director James Cameron and designed and built by Australian scientists, dived to a depth of 10929 meters from the "Ka Shen".

So far, humans have only dived below 10,000 meters twice, and the water pressure here is as high as 1000 atmospheric pressure. After returning from the Mariana Trench, the length of the deep-sea challenge has been shortened by 7 cm. Generally, the maximum dive depth of a nuclear submarine is 300 meters, and special submarines can dive to 700 meters.

Even in such an extreme place, there are creatures, but there are many fewer creatures. Most creatures in the ocean live above 1000 meters, and rarely dive deeper.

Sperm whales will dive to a depth of 2000 meters when they prey on king squid; Deep-sea animals can adapt to the high pressure in the deep sea because of their special body structure.

For example, the following deep-sea animals:

(1) Deep sea? ? ? ?

Commonly known as the lantern fish, it lives in the ocean with a water depth of 1000 meters, with a light-emitting device hanging on its head and flashing constantly, which can be used as bait to lure prey.

(2) wrinkled sharks

The deep-sea animals living around 1500m look like the legendary "dragon", and the wrinkled shark is a very fierce predator.

(3) Eat eels

Living in 1 000 ~ 2000m, it can grow to1m or more. The swallowed eel has a unique big mouth and a luminous organ on its tail, which can swallow prey bigger than itself.

(4) White blind shrimp

This is a kind of shrimp that lives at a depth of 5000 meters. Its back glows and it likes to gather in large numbers near the submarine crater.

(5) short-legged short-eyed hooked shrimp

This is a creature that lives below 0/0000 meters in the Mariana Trench/KLOC, with a body length of 2~5 cm. In 2009, the Japanese research team sank four food traps into the Mariana Trench, and after pulling them up, they captured 185 short-legged hooked shrimps.

At present, the deepest ocean is the Mariana Trench near Japan, with a depth of11034m, which is caused by diving in the Pacific Ocean under the Philippine plate.

The depth of Mariana Trench is higher than the highest elevation of Mount Everest. If the pressure at the bottom is calculated as one atmosphere per 10 meter, it is 1 103 atmosphere. This is equivalent to the weight per square centimeter 1. 1 ton, so the pressure makes it impossible for animals to survive. Even submarines can hardly bear such high pressure. And because the sea is too deep, there is no sunshine at the bottom of the sailor Asian trench. It can be said that it is dark and opaque. Although other trenches are deep, at least there are some glowing fish, which makes people feel a little angry. However, Sailor Asia Trench is a fish-free area, just like that desolate and dark space, which is suffocating in silence.

Once a hit movie

Perhaps many people think that the deep sea should be equipped with giant creatures, so as to highlight the mysterious temperament of the deep sea. But in fact, there are not as many kinds of creatures in the deep sea as in the upper sea, and there are not too many creatures. Because the deep sea, whether eating or consuming, is a problem for huge creatures. However, although the creatures in the deep sea are small in size, they have great personality. They are "bared their teeth" as if they were "evil spirits in hell".

These are just some deep-sea fish. How are they? They are ugly enough.

The deepest part of the ocean is located in the Mariana Trench, which is part of a series of trenches in the Pacific Ocean. The maximum water depth is 195 1 year. The depth detected by Challenger 8 is10836m, which was measured by the Soviet Union in 1937 with an acoustic wave reflector.

There are many little-known animals in these deep-sea areas.

The giant squid

This giant squid lives in the dark deep sea of the Pacific Ocean, and little is known about it. It is said that this squid will sit on the bottom of the sea, extend its tentacles to the sea and attack fishing boats. In fact, this creature is really big, it can grow to 18 meters long and weigh 900 kilograms.

sperm whale

Sperm whales, also known as giant sperm whales, are the largest toothed whales in the world. They are the deepest and longest of all species and are called diving champions in the animal kingdom.

King Crab

They are mainly distributed in cold seas and are called the king of crabs because of their huge size.

angler

Commonly known as eating fish, it generally lives in tropical and subtropical shallow waters and looks extremely fierce and dangerous.

Thank you for your invitation.

Shanghai water occupies about 70% of the earth, and the deepest part is the Mariana Trench, which is more than 10,000 meters deep. The ocean can be said to be the place with the least human footprint on the earth at present, and even human exploration of space is more comprehensive and in-depth than ocean exploration.

Deep-sea exploration needs to face many difficulties, and the most critical point is deep-sea pressure. The pressure in the Mariana Trench exceeds 65,438+0,000 standard atmospheres. If the detector is solid or the internal space is small, it will be easier to resist high pressure, but if it is a manned submersible, it needs enough space, and the pressure difference between inside and outside is large enough, the detector needs to resist greater pressure.

In the last century, during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, apart from the space race (the United States achieved manned landing on the moon) and the geocentric exploration race (the ultra-deep drilling in the former Soviet Union exceeded 65,438+100,000 meters), it was a deep-sea exploration race. 1960, the American "Delia" dived to a depth of 109 16 meters, which was the first time that humans explored such a deep place. The former Soviet Union's Heping-1 and Heping-2 manned dives exceeded 6,000 meters, setting a new diving record for operational manned submersibles. In addition, the maximum dive depth of China's Jiaolong is 7062 meters, which is a record of manned dive operation. Cameron, the great director, once went down to the bottom of Mariana Trench in a submersible alone, and the depth exceeded 10000 meters.

When the depth of the ocean exceeds 200 meters, it is almost opaque in weak light, and the marine life in this range will evolve into "grotesque" due to environmental reasons, such as the lantern fish:

Use its luminous organ to attract deep-sea animals to finish hunting. The depth of this fish is about 1000 meters, and it is distributed all over the world.

At the depth of 1000m-2000m, there are marine animals such as octopus and king squid, which are the prototypes of deep-sea monsters imagined by human beings. Sperm whales dive to a depth of more than 1000 meters to prey on king squid.

Living at a depth of about 2000 meters, the flying elephant octopus has the image of MengMeng:

Of course, people's curiosity and fear of the deep sea stems from their little understanding of the deep sea, and they always think that there are terrible creatures unknown to human beings in a certain corner, which is also the source of deep sea fear. What people are afraid of may be the following:

At present, it is almost impossible for large animals to survive in the deep sea, and their existence will not be supported only by food sources.

Welcome to pay attention to us: scientific black hole! Image source network intrusion.

Compared with other planets in the solar system, the biggest advantage of the earth is that it has a liquid ocean. Life bred from the early oceans of the earth has gradually evolved into what we are today, so the ocean is actually the common hometown of all living things on the earth.

As the only intelligent species on the earth, human beings have never stopped studying and exploring the ocean. But even with the development of science and technology today, people's understanding of the deep sea is still extremely limited. To be sure, there must be new species in the deepest part of the earth's ocean that we have never seen before.

In the 1960s, scientists took the submersible Trieste to the deepest part of the earth's ocean, the Fichaz Deep Sea in the Mariana Trench, with an altitude of-11034m. In 20 12, Cameron, a famous Hollywood director, also dived into the 10,000-meter abyss of the Mariana Trench on the single-person submersible Deep Sea Challenger, but it was not until 206552.

Every deep-sea exploration can find a large number of small new species and new microorganisms for human beings. In fact, the deep sea can't produce giant creatures because there is a lack of corresponding food for giant creatures to grow.

Although human beings originated from the ocean, a considerable number of people are afraid of the ocean, especially the deep sea. This psychological "disease" called deep-sea phobia is actually human fear of unknown oceans and unknown species in the depths of the oceans.

In fact, from the data point of view, the earth's oceans are not deep. Compared with the diameter of the earth 12756 km, the deepest part of the ocean is only a little more than 10000 m. Geologically speaking, even the earth's crust has not penetrated, so the earth's ocean is actually a water film covering the surface.

If you look at the earth from space, the ocean occupies most of the earth's surface, accounting for about 765,438+0% (360 million square kilometers) of the total surface area. And 97% of the earth's water is stored in the ocean, with a total volume of about1300 million cubic kilometers. The average water depth of the ocean reaches 3795 meters, which is quite close to the height of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (the average altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is above 4000 meters).

But 3795 meters is only the average depth. The deepest part of the ocean is located in the Mariana Trench, known as the Fichaz Plateau, with a depth of11034m. If you put Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world, the peak is more than 2000 meters above the water. The second deepest sea purchase is the Tonga Trench, in which the depth of the horizon abyss reaches an astonishing 10882 meters.

So what else will be in the depths of the ocean? Presumably the most interesting thing is whether there are any creatures left.

We all know that with the increase of water depth, the water pressure will also increase. Generally, every drop of 10 meter will increase an atmospheric pressure. Extremely strong water pressure makes it extremely difficult for most creatures to dive into the depths of the ocean, but this does not mean that it will cause harm to the "aborigines" in the depths of the ocean.

Here are a few simple examples:

Hydromedusa found in Mariana Trench is about 3700 meters deep.

The water depth is 4743 meters, sea cucumber

1995, the Japanese submarine "Haigou" found biological signs (sea cucumber, worm, shrimp, etc. ) at the water depth near 10 1 km.

Looking forward to your comments and attention!

The average depth of the ocean is 3,795 meters, and the deepest is the Mariana Trench, which is located on the east side of the Mariana Islands in the central and western Pacific Ocean, with a length of 2,850 kilometers from north to south and a width of only 70 kilometers. It cuts deep into the sea floor in the shape of a cliff. Most of its water depth is above 8000 meters. The maximum water depth of Fizez Sea Plain is11034m, which is the deepest point on the earth.

The ocean occupies 7 1% of the earth's surface area, only 5% of the seabed has been explored by human beings, and 95% of the seabed of the ocean is unknown. Historically, humans have found various mysterious species, prehistoric cultural relics and some objects of unknown origin on the seabed. For example, prehistoric monsters, "pyramids", giant "glass bricks" and "launch towers" have been found on the seabed, as well as some cities with prehistoric civilization. However, most of us have been unable to verify whether this is true or not. Just like the mysterious Bermuda Triangle, people have always had various speculations. Probably people are used to blaming alien civilizations for strange phenomena that cannot be discovered. Such as pyramids, Stonehenge and so on. Therefore, the Bermuda Triangle is even called the secret base of aliens.

But what is on the bottom of the sea, our current technology is still difficult to fully detect. Cameron, the great director, once entered the Mariana Trench by submarine, but only stayed at the bottom of the sea for a few hours, and had to float because of equipment failure. I'm afraid it will take several years or even more than ten years to truly realize all seabed exploration work. High pressure, low temperature and capital are all difficulties that scientists need to overcome, and scientists are constantly working hard for this. I hope the truth will come out one day! And this day won't be too far away!

To add:

First of all, the earth is not a regular sphere. It's like a stone on the roadside. Some places are convex and some places are concave, so based on this premise, the depth of each ocean is different.

For example, among the five oceans in the world, the Arctic Ocean is the shallowest with an average depth of only about 1 200m, while the Pacific Ocean is the deepest with an average depth of about 4,000m m..

Secondly, there are not only seawater under the ocean, but also some bottomless trenches, such as Mariana Trench (11034m) and Tonga Trench (10882m). The formation of trenches is actually related to the movement of the earth plate.

When the land plate and the ocean plate are squeezed, the ocean plate will be squeezed under the land plate, and as a result, trenches will be formed in the ocean, and mountains or island arcs will be formed on the land.

In addition, human beings have not fully understood what the depths of the seabed are, because with the current human technical means, we can't dive to the depths of the seabed below 8000 meters for a long time.

However, in 1960, the American Trieste successfully dived into the Mariana Trench at 109 16 meters, which is the deepest place that human beings have been to so far, and this record has never been broken.

Of course, in fact, the depth of the seabed above 8000 meters is not suitable for life. One reason is that the pressure here is too great for oversized fish to bear.

Then some human explorations have also proved this point. There are no giant underwater monsters unknown to ordinary people in the depths of the sea, only some very small fish or other species. ......

At present, the deepest part of the earth is in the Mariana Trench, and the deepest part of the ocean measured by humans is-1 1034 meters, but this figure will change in the future, and the depth will increase slightly or decrease gradually.

The formation of the trench is caused by the geological activities of the earth, and the Mariana trench is formed by the extrusion of the two largest plates on the earth. Due to the earth's rotation and other factors, the Pacific plate dived under the Eurasian plate, the direction of ocean currents near the trench, the eruption of submarine hot springs and other factors, it was difficult to accumulate a large amount of silt in the Mariana Trench, thus forming a trench more than 2,000 kilometers long, with the deepest point reaching-1 1008. As the two plates are still squeezing each other, the depth of the Mariana Trench will definitely change in the future, and I don't know what it will become. At present, a few countries have been able to detect this trench through unmanned submersibles, and the United States has also achieved the feat of overloading manned into the Mariana Trench.

Due to the difficulty of human exploration in the Mariana Trench, people don't know much about it, but every time they explore, they can find some novel creatures, and some species that were originally recorded by human beings and only found in more than 7,000 meters still exist in places as deep as 9,000 meters. The vertical distribution of life in the ocean also shows the adaptability of life on earth. Due to the deposition of upper organic matter, the Mariana Trench also supports a large number of species. Due to the compression of the plate, there are also many submarine hot spring systems and a number of chemical energy bacteria. Due to the darkness of the environment and the adaptive evolution of creatures, the biological vision there is also different from that of shallow sea creatures.

The deep seabed is very busy, but some explorations in recent years have also found worrying things. There is even some plastic garbage in the Mariana Trench, which shows that human beings have a great influence on the environment.