What are the basic knowledge of photography introduction SLR?

What is the knowledge of the introduction course of SLR camera? Below, I have compiled a tutorial on the introduction of SLR cameras, hoping to help you!

First, the advanced strategy for entry-level players, three strokes to get macro photography.

The first trick: use a range finder.

In fact, friends who use rangefinder know that after connecting the rangefinder, the camera can zoom in on distant objects. Similarly, when taking macro shots, the focal length of the camera will not change in the near future when using the rangefinder, so the shot object can be larger than the original one. However, there is a limitation and two disadvantages in using this trick.

Restrictions:

That is to say, it can only be used on cameras with weak macro ability or the telephoto end of cameras. Because the macro ability of DC is too strong, the macro is often in the wide-angle section, and the distance often reaches 1 ~ 2 cm. You may not be able to focus after connecting the rangefinder. For SLR cameras, there is no need to care about this problem because the focusing distance is relatively large.

Disadvantages:

1. After the rangefinder is used, the aperture of the lens will become smaller. Although the aperture value displayed on the camera will not change, it is no problem to take pictures according to the result of photometry in the camera. But in fact, the real aperture value should be the displayed aperture value multiplied by the multiple of the rangefinder: for example, after a lens is connected with a 2-fold rangefinder, when the aperture is F2.8, the actual aperture value is 2.8×2=5.6. At this time, although you can still shoot according to the metering results, because the actual aperture becomes smaller and the focal length becomes longer, at this time, the shutter speed will slow down to the point where it is blurred due to slight shaking when holding, so it is best to use a tripod to ensure the clarity of the picture.

2, rangefinder is often not light, a bit heavy. Therefore, it is easy to be top-heavy when connected to a camera, and even if it is placed on a tripod, it cannot be absolutely stable. When you press the shutter, the vibration will also cause the shooting to fail. It is best to take a selfie or shoot with a wired release. Minimize vibration.

The second trick: use close-ups.

Close-ups are actually convex lenses. There are groups of three, and there are also single pieces. There are several specifications such as+1, +2, +3 and +4. The larger the value, the greater the magnification. It can be used in one piece or in multiple pieces, which is very flexible.

Advantages:

The investment is not big, generally 200 ~ 300 yuan, you can buy a set of three tablets. Flexible and flexible, the lens does not take up so much volume as a rangefinder after all. Several pieces can be combined at will, with high flexibility. When using close-ups, the aperture will not be as narrow as when using rangefinder, so it can be used more boldly than rangefinder. The last lens of some wide-angle additional lenses can be detached for close-up, so people who have wide-angle lenses and are sure to buy them should pay attention. Oh, did you buy such a useful function, hehe.

Disadvantages:

This method uses close-up lens, which changes the optical structure of the lens, so the imaging quality will be degraded to some extent. But there is a solution. First of all, if you want to install a filter, you must buy an adapter ring. Generally, there are two options for the adapter ring: large caliber and small caliber. At this time, we still use a larger caliber. If it is a DC or SLR with a filter line in front of the lens, it is best to buy a larger adapter ring and use a larger close-up lens. The filter with large aperture can make DC use the central part of the filter to image, avoiding the parts with poor imaging quality in corners and getting better imaging. Secondly, when using close-ups, it is best to use the telephoto end of the camera, which also makes full use of the imaging in the middle part. Thirdly, the imaging quality can be further improved by appropriately shrinking the aperture, which is small and has few lens edges. Combined with several measures, the degradation of imaging quality will not be too obvious.

Second, new buyers must pay attention to four points if they want to take good photos.

Please read the product manual carefully.

When it comes to the product manual, it should be the first thing we often see in the process of disassembling, but it is ignored by most users. As we all know, for ordinary family users and some beginners in photography, product manuals are the best first teachers. When we take the camera we just bought home, unpack it, and check that it is correct, we seem to have spent a lot of time on the surface by carefully reading the product manual or the quick manual that comes with some products, but we are familiar with the function settings and common control methods of each part of the camera in the shortest time. At the same time, some misoperation can be avoided. I believe that even consumers who have used it for a period of time can find something after reading the instructions carefully and solve the problems they were troubled before.

Don't be superstitious about automatic mode

For digital cameras, the parameter settings that can affect the imaging effect generally include sensitivity, exposure and white balance. Automatic mode is the most commonly used mode for beginners. In this mode, the above three parameters are controlled by the camera itself and cannot be changed artificially. However, in some complicated lighting conditions indoors or at night, automatic mode can't help us to take satisfactory photos. At this time, it needs to be solved by some simple manual operations. For example, in some environments with large light, the automatic exposure of the camera may not be accurate enough, so we can make appropriate exposure compensation adjustment in the automatic exposure mode of P-file program to achieve the ideal value. In addition, when shooting at night, if automatic ISO is used, the camera often uses the highest sensitivity to ensure the shutter speed, which brings serious noise. In fact, we can appropriately increase the sensitivity and turn on the built-in flash according to the light conditions at that time.

Third, beginners are prone to make mistakes.

Regardless of priority

You can often see people taking pictures in the park. The photographer is far away from the subject, and the camera used does not have a zoom lens. We can conclude that this will not be a successful photo shoot. Because the photographer can't figure out what he wants to show, is it people or scenery? In terms of composition arrangement and theme conception, photos can only have one theme, and other contents should be theme-centered, which can serve as a foil and better highlight and express the theme connotation. As far as outdoor scenery photos are concerned, there are generally the following two situations:

(1) People-centered. Most photography falls into this category. We travel to scenic spots or take a walk in the park. Taking pictures, taking pictures is mainly a good memory in the future. We can choose representative buildings, flowers, grasslands, lakes and other backgrounds to set off the protagonist. People should occupy the main position in the picture and become the visual center. If we can further vividly reproduce the inner temperament of the characters through expressions, movements and other contents, it will definitely make it worth collecting forever!

(2) Take the scenery as the center and the characters as the decoration. It is often used to express special scenery. For example, shoot a big Buddha statue, and compare the size of the Buddha statue with a small proportion of people in the picture to show the great achievements of ancient civilization; Another example is the Prince's Bay Public Garden in Hangzhou. During the lawn maintenance in spring, a large area of green grass was enclosed and extended to the dark green hills in the distance. In addition, the bubbles blown by children drifted with the wind, forming a wonderful artificial natural landscape. In composition, green is the main body, and people decorate its vitality to show the beauty of the paradise on earth. Yin-yang face and big black face "Yin-yang face" means that the portrait face is illuminated with 90-degree side light, half black and half white. This shooting method often shows a strong dramatic effect and is not suitable for life photography. Big black face refers to the consequences of underexposure of backlit portraits. If you shoot the back or side of the character, you can achieve the effect of silhouette. When shooting a frontal portrait, it is best to fill the light appropriately, such as using tools such as flash or reflector to fill the light. Beginners often do not pay attention to the role of light in the overall composition, or always habitually use a certain kind of light, so it is difficult to improve. Understand the basic knowledge of light first, then practice it, and dare to break through, so as to surpass yourself. Due to the graphic modeling characteristics of photos, it is easy to inadvertently "graft" distant branches, telephone poles, etc. to the main characters, as if they grew from the head, making the original beautiful photos fly in the ointment. In fact, as long as you pay a little attention to changing the angle when shooting, you can avoid it.

Fourth, how to grasp the photographic sensitivity of beginners?

Set sensitivity

ISO sensitivity is an indicator of light sensitivity. The higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive to light. Generally speaking, the higher the sensitivity, the better the effect when shooting moving objects or low light. However, at high sensitivity, there are more noise signals in the image, and the definition is also reduced. On the contrary, at low sensitivity, the image noise signal is reduced and the image quality is better, but it is not suitable for shooting moving objects or low light environment.

Many players often encounter the following situations: shooting in places where flash is forbidden, such as exhibition halls, we have to use flash, and the result is blurred photos. If the flash is used, the subject will reflect light and affect the picture. The same thing can happen indoors or in dark places.

An easy way to take good photos without using flash is to adjust ISO. Of course, if the ISO setting is improved, the graininess of photos will be more serious, which requires users to master flexibly according to the situation at that time. As we are familiar with traditional cameras, ISO sensitivity indicates the sensitivity of film to light, which is equivalent to100,200,400. The greater the sensitivity value, the more suitable it is to be used in dimly lit places, but it will lose the vividness and naturalness of colors.

By the way, when tone and image reproduction are strict, it is best to use low-sensitivity films with ISO sensitivities of 25 and 64. In order to meet the needs of various occasions, films with ISO sensitivity of 400 are often used, and even films with ISO sensitivity of 800 and 1600 suitable for taking pictures in the dark (disposable cameras) are used.

Although the digital camera does not use film, it is equipped with similar functions and can change its ISO sensitivity (some models cannot change the ISO sensitivity setting, please confirm it in the manual of the digital camera). In this way, when using, when you want to make the shooting effect better, set the ISO to 100, and set the ISO to 400 when the light is insufficient.

Here we want to prevent hand shaking in dark places, so we set ISO to 400. We can set ISO according to the following steps. First, bring up the menu screen and select ISO sensitivity. Then select the highest value of 400 from the ISO sensitivity. After the ISO sensitivity is doubled, the shutter speed can be doubled to make basically the same exposure (the lens aperture is unchanged).

Five, to a friend who is a novice photographer!

1. Don't think about what you shoot mainly and what you won't shoot secondly before you come into contact with photography. It's a waste of time to think about it, let alone make a decision about what equipment to buy. 100% people don't ask themselves which street they will go to, which alley they will go to several times in their lives, and how many times they will run red lights. The road of photography is unknown, and there is no need to rely on interest to explore and advance.

2. Don't be superstitious. If you want to shoot a subject well, you must equip yourself with some equipment. For example, if you want to take portraits at 85/ 1.4, take landscapes at 16-35/2.8L, and take insects at 100/2.8macro, you will become a black sheep. You can also take portraits from a wide angle and scenery from a telephoto.

The camera is used to create visual enjoyment, not to smash walnuts and fight back in self-defense when encountering gangsters. It is pragmatic to choose a thin and practical camera as far as possible. Of course, the appearance should be beautiful, at least it should complement your appearance.

It's best not to buy the so-called lens of traveling around the world in one mirror, because you are unlikely to travel around the world. If you can travel around the world, you can't shoot anything with a lens like 24-300. Why? Just ask a friend who bought this kind of lens. They may be depressed.

If you don't have any foundation and are not interested in learning the basic knowledge of camera, you might as well choose a digital pocket machine first, which should be able to adjust the aperture manually. Don't buy a stupid machine or a movie starter. Because once you find yourself really more and more inspired, you will spend a lot of money to buy a better camera, which is the law. It's out of date to start with film now.

6. Good-looking photos on the Internet, including excellent photos in the forum, especially digital works, are almost all carefully produced in the later stage, which is also an indispensable part of photography. So, if you are interested in asking DX in the forum, you should sincerely explore the PS solution from them, instead of interviewing them where the inspiration came from when they pressed the shutter-I mean, inspiration is hard to learn.

7. Participating in various shooting activities can certainly improve the level quickly, but it can't further improve the level. Photography is a lonely art, whether it's portrait or landscape, there may be a unique style of work to satisfy your independent thinking. Therefore, in my opinion, if you want to make more friends, you should take part in more activities. If you want to improve your photography skills, try to practice alone and learn your own. It was fun.

8. Since you play photography, you don't have to follow too many dogmas. You can immerse yourself in self-satisfaction first, and then slowly accept other people's opinions and suggestions. After all, photography is a subjective art, of course, getting more people's recognition is an addictive enjoyment. I mean, you don't have to take other people's comments too seriously. No one knows your own photography pursuit better than yourself.

9, portraits, don't start with beautiful guys, it will give you an inertia. Real beautiful women and handsome men look good no matter how they shoot. It is suggested to start with the ugly. Shooting such a model has little psychological pressure, and generally it is not demanding how well you shoot. They generally know that they are not very photogenic, and once they shoot well, they will have a sense of accomplishment!

10, for beginners, don't flatter DX. It's no use trying to teach you a few tricks in exchange for DX's favor. The correct way is to clap bricks reasonably and ask questions with questions. DX people often try their best to clarify his creative thinking, so as to improve faster.